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Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal" : 10 Documents clear
Multidrug-Resistant Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus in Cattle and Goats from the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia Mohamad, N. M.; Zakaria, P. N. M.; Suhaili, Z.; Abu Bakar, S. A.; Aklilu, E.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.280

Abstract

This study investigates the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) in livestock from Kelantan, Terengganu, and Pahang, Malaysia. Nasopharyngeal swabs from 290 goats and 106 cattle were processed using an improved transport and enrichment method. Staphylococci were identified via PCR targeting the nucA and mecA genes, with antimicrobial susceptibility determined according to CLSI and EUCAST guidelines. Among 396 isolates, 55 (13.9%) were identified as S. aureus, including one MRSA isolate (0.25%), and methicillin resistance was detected in 31 CoNS isolates (7.8%), predominantly from goats. Fourteen of the MRCoNS isolates exhibited multidrug resistance to 3 to 7 antibiotic classes, with 47.2% of CoNS isolates being resistant to fusidic acid, raising concerns about zoonotic transmission and public health risks. The prevalence of staphylococcal colonization and methicillin resistance was higher in goats than in cattle, suggesting that environmental exposures, management practices, and antibiotic use contribute to the resistance patterns. The findings highlight the urgent need for enhanced biosecurity measures, prudent antibiotic use, and expanded surveillance to address antimicrobial resistance in livestock. A One Health approach that integrates human, animal, and environmental health is essential to mitigating the spread of resistance. This study provides baseline data to guide future research, interventions, and policies in reducing public health risks associated with MDR staphylococci in livestock.
Optimization of Phytase Production from Rhodotorula mucilaginosa RG-PK20 Using Agricultural Waste Seprianto; Utama, C. C. Y.; Melani, V.; Handayani, P.; Sukarman
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.328

Abstract

Some ingredients in poultry feed contain phytic acid, which prevents the absorption of nutrients. Microbial phytase enzymes can help with this problem. However, the phytase-producing gene of the novel yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa RG-PK20 has been constrained by the high cost of traditional substrates such as sodium phytate. The aim of this study is to evaluate the production of phytase from R. mucilaginosa RG-PK20 using a phytic acid source (substrate) from agricultural waste, with in vitro testing in poultry feed. The fermentation process was conducted utilizing a substrate-to-medium-to-yeast culture ratio of 1:1:1 v/v/w over a period of four days at various temperatures (25, 28, and 30 °C) and pH levels (3, 4, 5, and 6, with 7 as a control). Glucose and urea supplements were given when the optimal conditions were established by measuring the phytase content and activity. The molecular weight of the phytase was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis, and the ability of the enzyme to hydrolyze phytic acid was evaluated in vitro. Corn cobs generated the highest amount of phytase, with a concentration of 25.29 mg/mL and activity of 4.46 U/mL. The in vitro tests revealed an 81% reduction in phytic acid levels in poultry feed. These results demonstrate the potential of phytase derived from R. mucilaginosa RG-PK20 to reduce phytic acid in poultry feed ingredients.
Optimization of Madura Cattle Performance Fed Ammoniated Rice Straw and Concentrate Containing Hibiscus tiliaceus Leaf Bata, M.; Rahayu, S.; Rimbawanto, E. A.; Hartoyo, B.; Prihambodo, T. R.; Renata, M.; Umam, R. Z.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.347

Abstract

The leaves of Hibiscus tiliaceus, known for their flavonoid and fumaric acid contents, may support more stable rumen fermentation by promoting propionic acid production and helping maintain a healthy pH in high-concentrate diets. When paired with ammoniated rice straw, this supplement could improve how cattle utilize nutrients while lowering the risk of subacute ruminal acidosis in feedlot settings. This study evaluates the effectiveness of H. tiliaceus leaf flour as a dietary supplement in feedlot Madura cattle. Fifteen cattle (initial weight 264.43 ± 22.68 kg) were assigned to three diet treatments: rice straw plus concentrate (RSC), ammoniated rice straw plus concentrate (ARSC), and ammoniated rice straw plus concentrate supplemented with HTLF (ARSC+H) and statistically analyzed using a completely randomized design. Concentrates were fed at 2.5% of body weight, while rice straw and ARS were provided ad libitum. Ammoniation involved treating rice straw with 5% urea and 2.5% cassava pulp. The treatments significantly (p<0.01) increased digestibility parameters (dry and organic matter digestibility (DMD, DMO), crude fat digestibility (CFD), crude protein digestibility (CPD), crude fiber digestibility (CFD), and nitrogen retention (NR)), microbial protein synthesis (MPS) and production (MPP), energy utilization (energy digestibility (ED), metabolizable energy output (MEO), energy retention (ER)), volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, average daily gain (ADG), and feed efficiency (FE). RSC showed lower values compared to ARSC and ARSC+H (p<0.01), while differences between ARSC and ARSC+H were not significant (p>0.05). The highest MPS, MPP, and ADG were observed in ARSC+H, with the best FE also in ARSC+H. In conclusion, ARSC+H enhances nutrient digestibility, MPS, and fattening performance in Madura cattle, indicating its potential as an effective feed strategy.
A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Cassava Addition in a Buffalo Diet: In Vivo Investigations on Performance and Rumen Health Amirul, F. M. A.; Mazlan, N. A.; Sadarman, S.; Rusli, N. D.; Sholikin, M. M.; Irawan, A.; Febrina, D.; Qomariah, N.; Nurfitriani, R. A.; Aditya, S.; Jayanegara, A.; Saad, M. Z.; Adli, D. N.; Hassim, H. A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.298

Abstract

This meta-analysis compiles data on buffalo consumption of cassava as a feed ingredient to evaluate its impact on in vivo rumen fermentation, feed intake, nutrient intake, growth performance, digestibility, nitrogen metabolism, haematology, microbiology, and milk yield. A systematic search of Scopus and Web of Science identified 19 in vivo experiments. Cassava varieties were categorized as by-products, foliage, and roots, while buffaloes were stratified based on management system, breed, and sex. A linear mixed model was applied to estimate the effects of cassava inclusion. The findings indicated feed and nutrient intake, particularly crude protein intake and nitrogen retention, increased significantly (p<0.05), while crude protein digestibility showed no significant difference. Microbiological parameters, including total bacterial and fungal counts, also increased significantly (p<0.05), whereas methane production after 24 hours declined significantly (p<0.05). Although production parameters such as body weight, feed conversion, and milk yield were not significantly affected, a trend toward improvement was observed, except for feed conversion. Cassava root and foliage exhibited the highest digestibility and nitrogen retention compared to by-product (p<0.05). A restricted feeding system resulted in higher ammonia (NH3-N) concentrations, protozoa count, and proteolytic and cellulolytic microbial populations compared to ad libitum feeding and an extensive system (p<0.05). Murrah buffaloes showed greater feed intake, while male buffaloes demonstrated higher digestibility (p<0.05). In conclusion, dietary cassava, approximately 1.5% to 20.5% DM, potentially stimulates rumen fermentation, nutrient intake, digestibility, and microbiology but has only a modest effect on production parameters. High cassava inclusion may reduce feed acceptability, thereby decreasing feed efficiency.
The Impact of Production Center Policy on Bali Cattle Farming in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia: A Policy Analysis Matrix Approach Rindayati, W.; Gerhana; Priyarsono, D. S.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.374

Abstract

Implementing government policies aims to enhance Bali cattle farming and exports while protecting domestic production to ensure competitiveness against imported cattle and meat. This study aims to analyze the impact of production center policy on Bali cattle farming in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) approach. Data were collected from June to October 2024 through direct interviews with 240 cattle farmers, field surveys, and focus group discussions with relevant stakeholders. This involved discussions with policymakers in Bali cattle development centers in Southeast Sulawesi, specifically in the regency of South Konawe and Muna. The collected data were analyzed using the PAM. The analysis was conducted per average number of cattle reared and then converted to per cow, with farmers using a combined breeding and fattening system for 12 months (1 year) to produce slaughter-ready cattle. . The results showed that the government policy's impact on output had a negative effect on Bali cattle farming, as the domestic output price was lower than the world price. The policy’s impact on input had a positive effect, as the government supported producers through input subsidies and protection of domestic input prices, which created additional surplus for farmers, protected domestic production, and reduced input costs. The policy’s combined impact on both input and output also had a positive effect, as it provided incentives for farmers, generated additional surplus, effectively protected production, and lowered production costs compared to opportunity costs. The study concluded that government policy was more beneficial through its support on input and combined input-output interventions than on output alone. Therefore, government policies remain key in regulating Bali cattle development in Southeast Sulawesi to maintain competitiveness and benefit farmers.
1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol Glycoside (1,25(OH)2D3-G) in Broiler Breeder Diets and Its Influence on Broiler Chicken Growth Andrade, T. S.; Rohloff Junior, N.; Bebber, B. A.; Pereira, M. F. C.; Maia, M. L. R.; Tesser, G. L. S.; Calderano, A. A.; Vieira, B. S.; Vargas Junior, J. G.; Eyng, C.; Nunes, R. V.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.315

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol glycoside (1,25(OH)2D3-G) supplementation on performance, carcass yield, carcass cuts, intestinal histomorphometry, bone health, and gene expression in broiler chickens from broiler breeders. A total of 1,152 one-day-old male Ross 308 AP chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. One of the experimental factors was the presence or absence of 1,25(OH)2D3-G (0 or 100 mg/kg) in the diets of broiler breeders between 21 and 30 weeks of age. The second experimental factor consisted of three levels of 1,25(OH)2D3-G supplementation (0, 50, and 100 mg/kg) in the broiler chicken diets from day 1 to day 21, followed by a standard commercial diet from day 22 to day 42. The study totaled six treatments with eight replicates and 24 birds per experimental unit. Performance, carcass and cut yields, as well as tibial breaking strength and composition, were evaluated in broiler chickens at 21 and 42 days. Intestinal histomorphometry and gene expression were assessed at 21 days, while tibial dyschondroplasia was analyzed at 42 days. Broiler chickens from broiler breeders supplemented with 100 mg/kg of 1,25(OH)2D3-G showed higher hatch weight, better feed conversion, improved intestinal morphology, and greater carcass yield. However, this supplementation did not enhance calcium and phosphorus deposition in the tibia, resulting in reduced bone strength. It is concluded that broiler chickens from broiler breeders supplemented with 100 mg/kg of 1,25(OH)2D3-G show better growth performance at 21 and 42 days.
Intestinal Morphology, Protein Digestibility, and Broiler Performance Fed Encapsulated Dahlia Tuber Extract and Bacillus subtilis Anjani, L.; Yunianto, V. D.; Suthama, N.; Krismiyanto, L.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.338

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of encapsulated dahlia tuber extract and Bacillus subtilis (EdteBs) on intestinal morphology, protein digestibility, and broiler performance. A total of 200 eight-day-old Ross 308 broilers (initial body weight: 194.60 ± 3.46 g) were divided into four dietary treatments with five replications. The treatments were: T0 – basal diet (control) without EdteBs supplementation; T1 – T0 + 0.1% EdteBs; T2 – T0 + 0.2% EdteBs; and T3 – T0 + 0.3% EdteBs. Variables measured included potential hydrogen (pH), lactic acid bacteria (LAB) population, coliform count, villus height, crypt depth, intestinal segment weight and height, protein digestibility, feed intake, body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and income over feed cost (IOFC). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by Duncan’s test at a 5% significance level (p<0.05). Results showed that EdteBs supplementation at higher levels (T2 and T3) significantly (p<0.05) increased LAB population, villus height, crypt depth, and intestinal segment weight and height, while pH and coliform counts decreased. Protein digestibility and BWG also significantly improved (p<0.05) in T2 and T3. Both feed intake and BWG increased, particularly in T3, contributing to lower FCR and higher IOFC. In conclusion, EdteBs supplementation enhances intestinal morphology, protein digestibility, and broiler performance, with the most effective level at 0.3%.
In Vitro and In Situ Evaluation of Fermented High Moisture Corn and Ear Corn as Alternative Feedstuffs for Feedlot Calves Rajaei-Sharifabadi, H.; Villalba, D.; Mora, J.; de la Fuente, G.; Balcells, J.; Seradj, A. R.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.357

Abstract

High-moisture corn products offer potential advantages in intensive cattle feeding systems by providing high-energy feedstuffs while allowing earlier harvest. This study evaluated the nutritional value and fermentation characteristics of fermented high-moisture grain corn (HMG) and high-moisture ear corn (HME) compared to conventional corn grain (CG) and corn silage (CS) through in vitro and in situ techniques. Six samples from each corn product were collected from commercial farms, pooled, and analyzed in five replicates. Chemical analysis revealed that HME contained higher neutral detergent fiber (19.0% vs. 4.25%) but lower starch (60.95% vs. 66.75%) and crude protein (7.27% vs. 8.32%) compared to HMG (p<0.01). While accumulated gas production was similar among HMG, HME, and CG, all significantly exceeded CS values (p<0.01). HMG demonstrated the highest gas production rate and metabolizable energy content (12.2 MJ/kg), significantly higher than HME (10.1 MJ/kg). In vitro organic matter digestibility was highest in HMG (751.5 g/kg), while HME showed intermediate values (680.2 g/kg). The in situ evaluation revealed higher effective rumen degradability for HMG compared to HME (p<0.01). Ammonia nitrogen concentrations remained above microbial requirements across all treatments, with HMG and HME showing similar patterns. Volatile fatty acid profiles indicated enhanced fiber degradability in high-moisture products compared to CG. In conclusion, fermented high-moisture corn products demonstrated distinct nutritional characteristics compared to conventional corn grain, with HMG showing higher energy content and digestibility values, while HME exhibited increased fiber content. These findings provide quantitative data on the nutritional value of fermented high-moisture corn alternatives for feedlot cattle feeding formulations.
Efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum 1582-Fermented Chive (Allium schoenoprasum) as a Natural Antibiotic Against Eimeria acervulina in Broiler Chicken Hai, P. V.; Dung, H. T.; Hung, P. H. S.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.287

Abstract

This study evaluated the efficacy of chive (Allium schoenoprasum) fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum 1582 (FC) as an antibiotic alternative in controlling Eimeria acervulina infection in broiler chickens. A total of 250 J-Dabaco male chickens were divided into five treatment groups, each with five replicates (cages) of 10 chickens: PC - positive control, NC - negative control, FC1 - supplemented with 1% FC, FC3 - supplemented with 3% FC, and antibiotic treatment (AB). Chickens in the NC, FC1, FC3, and AB groups were experimentally infected with E. acervulina at 14 days of age and monitored until day 42. Assessed variables included growth performance (body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), survival rate (SR), production efficiency index (PEI), serum immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG), ileal mRNA expression of tight junction (ZO-1, Claudin-2) and immune-related genes (IL-4, TNF-α, IFN-γ), fecal oocyst counts, and intestinal lesion scores. The results showed that both FC3 and FC1 groups improved BWG, FI, FCR, SR, and PEI, with the FC3 group showing the best performance, equivalent to the AB group. Additionally, FC contributed to preserving the integrity of the intestinal epithelium by enhancing tight junction protein expression (ZO-1, Claudin-2) and reducing inflammatory responses (IFN-γ, TNF-α), as well as reinforcing the intestinal barrier by improving villus morphology and reducing intestinal mucosal damage scores. Moreover, a significant reduction in Eimeria oocyst counts in the excretion demonstrated effective parasite control. These findings suggest that FC, especially at 3% concentration, can be an effective alternative to antibiotics in broiler farming for controlling coccidiosis and improving the safety and sustainability of production.
Nutritional Composition and In Vitro Digestibility of Spent Mushroom Substrate Supplemented with Urea and Molasses for Ruminants Crisostomo, J. C. A.; Manlapig, J. J. D.; Matsui, H.; Ban-Tokuda, T.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.364

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the fermentation characteristics and nutritional potential of spent mushroom substrates (SMS), with or without urea and molasses supplementation, in ruminant diets. SMS derived from the cultivation of four mushroom species—Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom, OYS), Flammulina filiformis (Enoki mushroom, ENK), Hypsizygus marmoreus (Bunashimeji mushroom, SMJ), and Lentinula edodes (Shiitake, STK)—were analyzed for proximate composition, in vitro gas and methane (CH₄) production, dry matter digestibility (DMD), and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA). Statistically significant differences were observed among SMS types across all incubation periods (24, 48, and 72 hours) for gas production, CH₄ production, DMD, and SCFA concentrations (p<0.0001). In addition, CH₄ per gram of digested dry matter (CH₄/DDM) was higher in urea–molasses supplemented SMS compared to non-supplemented substrates (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in total gas production, CH₄ volume, or SCFA concentrations between the two groups, suggesting that fermentation responses were influenced not only by supplementation but also by the inherent differences in substrate composition. The results indicate that different types of SMS vary significantly in their fermentation profiles and digestibility. Supplementation with urea and molasses increased CH₄/DDM but did not significantly affect total gas, CH₄ volume, or SCFA production. These findings demonstrate the potential of SMS as a partial roughage replacement in ruminant diets, as influenced by the type of mushroom substrate, its chemical composition, and the supplementation method.

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