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Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 48 No. 5 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal" : 10 Documents clear
The Improvement of Nutrient Utilization and Performance in Laying Hens Fed By-Product Diets Supplemented with Xylanase and/or Protease Enzymes Widjaja, H.; Nahrowi; Jayanegara, A.; Utomo, D.; Hazen, K.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 5 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.5.412

Abstract

Diets formulated for laying hens often contain anti-nutritional factors—such as non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs), trypsin inhibitors, and phytate—that can impede nutrient absorption. To mitigate these effects and enhance feed efficiency, the poultry industry increasingly incorporates exogenous enzymes like xylanase and protease, either separately or synergistically, to improve the digestibility and nutritional value of by-product feed ingredients. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of xylanase and/or protease enzyme supplementation in laying hen diets on nutrient digestibility and overall bird performance. Four distinct dietary treatments were formulated, including a negative control (NC) diet that did not contain any enzyme supplementation. The remaining three dietary treatments were modifications of the negative control (NC) diet, incorporating either xylanase, protease, or a combination of both enzymes (xylanase + protease). The NC diet was formulated to contain 2,567 kcal/kg of apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn), 0.77% digestible lysine (dLys), and phytase supplementation. Performance trial showed that supplementation of protease and xylanase+protease had higher (p<0.05) hen day production (HDP) compared to NC (88.29 and 88.69% vs 83.53%, respectively). AMEn determination study showed that only xylanase improved (p<0.05) AMEn, compared to NC (2,754 vs 2,585) kcal/kg. Amino acid digestibility (dAA) study showed that xylanase and xylanase+protease improved (p<0.05) dLys by 0.04% and 0.07% respectively. In summary, supplementation of xylanase and protease enhances nutrient utilization and production performance in laying hens fed high by-product diets. The combined use of both enzymes showed the greatest benefits, suggesting that multi-enzyme strategies may be more effective than single-enzyme approaches. These results support the use of enzyme supplementation to enhance feed efficiency and sustainability in poultry production.
Performance, Lipid, and Omega Fatty Acids Composition of Village Chickens Fed Diet Supplemented with Flaxseed Oil Farahiyah, I. J.; Lokman Hakim, I.; Mardhati, M.; Nurulhayati, A. B.; Hafandi, A.; Noraini, S.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 5 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.5.420

Abstract

Flaxseed oil is a rich source of omega fatty acids and has gained attention as a functional feed additive in the poultry industry. While the use of flaxseed oil in poultry has been widely reported, its application in village chickens remains limited, particularly regarding its physiological and metabolic effects. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of flaxseed oil (FO) supplementation on growth performance, carcass yields, and omega fatty acid levels in village chickens. A total of 120 village chickens (with average body weight 606.80 g) were randomly divided into four treatment groups with five replicates. Three levels of FO inclusion were experimented to replace palm oil used in the control treatment, where T0-basal diet with no FO, T1-2.5% FO inclusion, T2-3.0% FO inclusion, and T3-4.0% FO inclusion. Chickens were fed these experimental diets for five weeks, after which they were slaughtered. Breast and thigh muscles were collected for lipid and fatty acid analysis. Weight gain was slightly compromised as higher incorporation of FO was added to the diet of this village chicken (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in carcass yield (p>0.05) between the treatments. Lipid composition in breast muscle increased with increasing addition of FO (p>0.05), but all FO treatments were found to be lower than control (p<0.05). However, in the thigh muscle, chickens in treatment T2 (3.0% FO inclusion) had the highest composition among FO diets but much lower compared to the control (p<0.05). Alpha-linolenic acids (ALA) in both breast and thigh muscles showed an increasing trend as a higher inclusion of FO was added (p<0.05) compared to the control and slightly reduced at 4.0% inclusion. In conclusion, the supplementation of flaxseed oil had no negative impact on the growth performance and carcass yields of village chickens while significantly enhancing the omega-3 fatty acid content in both breast and thigh muscles.
Tiny Circular Economy Practices in the Cagayan Valley Region, Philippines: A Case Study of Native Chicken Farmers Liangco, N. C.; Guntoro, B.; Haryadi, F. T.; A’yun, A. Q.; Qui, N. H.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 5 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.5.462

Abstract

This study investigated the adoption of tiny circular economy (TCE) practices among native chicken farmers in the Cagayan Valley region of the Philippines, examining the influence of farmers’ perceptions and motivations on TCE practices. Using a purposive sample of 400 farmers, the research explored how farmers’ perceptions of support from government and non-government organizations, alongside their motivations (existence, relatedness, and growth), impact the implementation of TCE in native chicken production. Data were analyzed by using multiple linear regression to quantify these effects. The findings reveal that a significant majority (68.25%) of farmers in the region have adopted sustainable TCE practices, which form a circular system encompassing food production, consumption, and waste management. These practices include utilizing leftover food as chicken feed, allowing chickens to forage naturally, employing organic fertilizers derived from animal manure and plant waste, and selling chickens and eggs for income. Moreover, the results indicated that farmers’ perception of the support from government and NGOs had a significant impact on TCE adoption (p<0.05), whereas motivation exerted a stronger influence (p<0.01). Additionally, TCE adoption leads to reduced production costs (particularly feed and fertilizer), increased income from premium-priced organic products, waste reduction, and overall environmental sustainability. The findings suggest that farmers’ perception and motivation have a positive influence on the adoption of smallholder TCE practices, contributing to reducing production costs, increasing income, and promoting sustainable development in native chicken farming.
Comparative Performance Analysis of YOLOv10-Based Models with CBAM and SPPFCSPC for Body Condition Score Assessment in Beef Cattle Ariadi, F.; Utaminingrum, F.; Atmoko, B. A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 5 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.5.402

Abstract

Body condition score assessment serves as a critical metric for evaluating the health, nutritional status, and overall well-being of beef cattle, playing a pivotal role in herd management and productivity optimization. Traditional manual BCS assessment methods are inherently subjective, labor-intensive, and impractical for large-scale operations, thereby necessitating an automated and data-driven approach. This study investigates the performance of YOLOv10-based deep learning models, incorporating the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) and spatial pyramid pooling-fast cross-stage partial connections (SPPFCSPC) to enhance feature extraction, classification accuracy, and computational efficiency in BCS estimation. A total of 432 annotated images representing five BCS categories (1–5) were used for model training and evaluation. The models were assessed using precision, recall, and F1 Score, with expert-labeled ground truth ensuring robustness. Results show that the YOLOv10x variant achieved the highest classification accuracy of 88.2%, highlighting its superior detection capability. YOLOv10m exhibited a balanced trade-off between accuracy and computational efficiency, achieving an F1 Score of 79.2%. The integration of CBAM improved precision but slightly reduced recall, whereas SPPFCSPC enhanced recall at the expense of increased computational complexity. Notably, YOLOv10n achieved the fastest inference time of 1.0 ms but with a lower accuracy of 82.4%, underscoring the trade-off between model depth and real-time applicability. These findings validate the effectiveness of attention-based and multi-scale feature learning strategies for improving the automation of BCS classification in beef cattle.
Bovine Digesta as Organic Fertilizer in Gliricidia Fodder Banks: Agronomic Responses and Nutrient Composition Silva, P. H. F.; Medeiros, G. R.; Santos, S. G. G. C.; Cavalcante, I. T. R.; Neves, R. S.; Carvalho, C. B. M.; Costa, J. H. S.; Sales-Silva, T. B.; Rigueira, J. P. S.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 5 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.5.429

Abstract

Bovine digesta is an innovative by-product from slaughterhouses to fertilize forage crops, but applying excessive amounts can be inefficient in terms of dry matter yield (DMY) and nutritional characteristics. A two-year trial, which encompassed two rainy and two dry seasons, was conducted to assess the agronomic responses and nutrient composition of gliricidia fertilized with increasing levels of slaughterhouse bovine digesta (0, 1.25, 3.12, 6.25, 9.37, and 12.50 t/ha). Gliricidia DMY enhanced linearly from 8.0 to 15.9 t/ha/yr of DM as the bovine digesta dosage increased from 0 to 12.50 t/ha (p=0.0003). The DMY stability variance increased from 0 (σi2 = 0.10) to 12.50 t/ha (σi2 =14.09), so the bovine digesta reduced the DMY stability. Plant height also responded linearly to the fertilizer levels (p<0.0001). Consistent gains in leaf crude protein concentration (21.8, 22.5, 23.0, 23.7, 24.4, and 24.9 % DM for 0.00, 1.25, 3.12, 6.25, 9.37 and 12.50 t/ha, respectively) were observed because of the fertilizer levels (p<0.0001). As the gliricidia responds linearly to the bovine digesta fertilization regarding important agronomic and nutrient-composition traits, we recommend applying the top required dose (12.50 t/ha) to combine maximum forage yield and great roughage nutrient composition. It is not worth saving the organic fertilizer by using lower dosages. 
Microbiome Dynamic: Diversity in Healthy and Mastitis Milk Herd Tan, Y. J.; Koh, S. P.; Khozirah, S.; Rozaihan, M.; Jacob, M.; Khirrol, N. A. W.; Mohd-Shaharizan, M. S.; Tan, G. H.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 5 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.5.385

Abstract

Bovine mastitis is the inflammation of udder due to physical injury or microbial infections. The milk from different mastitis statuses present different microbial profiles that can impact the mechanisms and pathophysiology of mastitis. An increasing number of studies provided evidence indicating the occurrence of dysbiosis in the microbiota during clinical mastitis. Our study aimed to investigate the shifts in mastitis milk microbiota over a three-week period within a Jersey Friesian mastitis herd in a local farm (n=20). The milk samples were collected from healthy animals (HT), clinical mastitis milk at different time frames throughout three weeks (W1, W2, and W3) (n=5). Microbial genomic DNA from milk samples was extracted and then submitted for 16S amplicon sequencing. The 16S amplicon sequencing analysis revealed that the predominant phyla in the core microbiota were Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota. Alpha diversity indicated the presence of lower bacterial diversity in the clinical mastitis group across the weeks (W1, W2, W3) in comparison to the healthy (HT) group. Among the four dominant phyla, Firmicutes exhibited the highest percentage of abundancy (HT=35.40%; W1=63.10%; W2=89.32%; W3=90.86%), followed by Actinobacteriota (HT=34.08%; W1=7.87%; W2=1.01%; W3=6.95%), Proteobacteria (HT=11.17%; W1=18.69%; W2=7.50%; W3=1.14%), and Bacteroidota (HT=14.77%; W1=1.86%; W2=1.01%; W3=0.88%). The diversity indices exhibited a decreasing trend from W1 to W3 (Chao1 index: HT=323, W1=297, W2=69, W3=35; Shannon index: HT=3.41, W1=3.87, W2=1.50, W3=0.92). Beta diversity displayed a scattered pattern of sample clustering in PCA plots among different groups. In conclusion, the dominance of Firmicutes persisted throughout the weeks, while other populations decreased over the specified time frame. The healthy (HT) group maintained a more diverse distribution of phyla. 
Profiling of Dominant Bacteria in Traditional Buffalo Milk Cheese “Dangke” Based on 16S rRNA Sequencing Mutmainna, A.; Arief, I. I.; Budiman, C.; Abidin, Z.; Wulandari, Z.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 5 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.5.450

Abstract

Metagenomic approaches are highly valuable in food microbiology, particularly for the investigation of traditional fermented products such as dangke buffalo milk cheese from South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Buffalo milk, a primary raw material, contains diverse biochemical and bioactive components that are produced by microbial activity during fermentation. Unlike conventional culture-based techniques, metagenomics enables the comprehensive characterization of microbial communities directly from food matrices. This study aimed to identify the key microbial taxa that contribute to the dangke quality of fermentation and to understand the factors influencing it. Bacterial 16S rRNA genes were amplified using primers 27F and 1492R under optimized polymerase chain reaction conditions. DNA concentrations were measured with NanoDrop and Qubit instruments, and sequencing was conducted using Oxford Nanopore Technology with MinKNOW software (v23.04.5). Metagenomic analysis revealed Enterococcus faecium as the dominant lactic acid bacterium across all dangke samples (P1–P3), emphasizing its crucial role in fermentation and probiotic potential. These findings suggest that E. faecium can enhance the quality and functional properties of dangke. Moreover, metagenomic tools can support the development of standardized fermentation practices and microbial safety assessments for traditional dairy products.
Characterization and Typology Analysis of Cattle Breeding Practices on Rural Farms in Northern Côte d’Ivoire Yao, F. A. D.; N’Goran, K. E.; Ekra, J.-Y.; Kanh, K. H. M.; Tre, U. B.; Konaté, A.; Sonan, H.; Diloreto, E.; Mafie, E. M.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 5 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.5.471

Abstract

A comprehensive understanding of agricultural production variables is essential for developing effective agricultural strategies. To identify the key factors shaping cattle farming practices in Côte d’Ivoire, a study was conducted to characterize the diversity of livestock farming practices and identify the different typologies of livestock production systems in the northern (Poro, Tchologo, and Bagoué) and north-eastern (Bounkani) regions. The methodology involved a structured survey targeting livestock farmers. Participants were selected based on two main criteria: the accessibility of their farms and their willingness to share information. Data collection was carried out using a standardized questionnaire designed to gather information on socio-economic characteristics, herd composition, farming practices, and constraints. Of the 105 livestock farmers initially identified, only 53 satisfied the inclusion criteria and were included in the survey. The results revealed that cattle farming is predominantly managed by Peulh ethnic groups originating from neighbouring countries (Mali and Burkina Faso) to the north. Herds are largely composed of Méré and Zebu cattle breeds. Through data analysis, three distinct livestock production systems were identified: (i) sedentary native farmers engaged in livestock rearing as a secondary activity alongside trade, (ii) semi-transhumant Fulani pastoralists for whom livestock is the primary livelihood, and (iii) agro-pastoralists integrating crop and livestock farming. The main challenges reported by farmers include feed shortages and animal diseases, with additional constraints related to land-use conflicts and limited access to agricultural services. Farmers expressed the need for designated grazing areas, affordable feed supplements, and improved access to veterinary care. This typology provides a clear view of livestock systems in Côte d’Ivoire. It serves as an effective foundation for an integrated strategy to improve Ivorian livestock production.
Proteomic Analysis of Pesisir Bull Sperm in Different Age Groups for the Identification of Reproductive Function Proteins Anwar, P.; Maulana, T.; Sumantri, C.; Arifiantini, I.; Gunawan, A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 5 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.5.393

Abstract

Pesisir cattle are native to Indonesia and originate from West Sumatra. It is known for its high environmental adaptability and can be further developed using a proteomic approach. The proteomic approach for testing the fertility of Pesisir bulls is an important factor in determining a potentially superior breed. Proteomic studies of reproduction in Pesisir bulls have not been widely conducted. This study aimed to identify and characterize functional sperm proteins in Pesisir bulls that are associated with reproductive processes. Semen samples were collected from 12 pesisir bulls aged 2–4 years and grouped into three age categories. Protein profile analysis was performed using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with 1D-SDS-PAGE, followed by proteolytic digestion of the proteins in the gel and protein identification using LC-MS/MS analysis. Protein functions were predicted based on analysis of biological annotations generated using UniProt, Venny, PANTHER, and STRING. Based on the evaluation of fresh semen, sperm motility in Pesisir bulls was found to increase with age. Proteomic analysis successfully identified 334 proteins in the sperm of Pesisir bulls. Among these, two proteins, ZPBP and SPACA3, were identified as involved in reproductive and fertilisation processes. Functionally, both proteins play crucial roles in acrosomal events during fertilisation. Gene Ontology analysis showed that most proteins in sperm are involved in various biological processes, including cellular activities, metabolic processes, and molecular functions related to catalytic activities. In conclusion, SPACA3 and ZPBP proteins were identified as potentially involved in reproductive processes and may serve as fertility markers in Pesisir bulls.
Enhancing the Accuracy of NIRS Prediction with Adaptive Machine Learning for Assessing Fermented Citronella Feed Quality Samadi, S.; Kaloudis, E.; Wahyudi, I.; Wajizah, S.; Munawar, A. A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 5 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.5.440

Abstract

The valorization of agricultural residues as alternative feed resources is increasingly critical for enhancing livestock sustainability. This study investigates the potential of sequential fermentation to improve the nutritional quality of citronella (Cymbopogon nardus L.) residues and evaluates the use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with machine learning (ML) models for rapid feed quality assessment. Citronella residues were subjected to sequential fungal and lactic acid bacterial fermentation, and their feed quality attributes, including moisture, crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract, and ash content, were measured using standard laboratory methods. NIR spectra were acquired from 1000 to 2500 nm and analyzed using partial least squares regression (PLSR), ridge regression, adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), and support vector machine regression (SVMR). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a high degree of spectral homogeneity with sufficient underlying variability to enable robust modeling. Among the models evaluated, AdaBoost and SVMR consistently outperformed linear models, achieving high coefficients of determination (R² ≥ 0.99) and low root mean square errors (RMSE). Particularly, SVMR and AdaBoost achieved high predictive accuracy for moisture, crude protein, and ether extract content, with residual predictive deviation (RPD) values far exceeding standard thresholds. The integration of sequential fermentation, NIRS, and advanced ML algorithms presents a rapid, non-destructive, and sustainable approach to upgrading and monitoring alternative fibrous feed sources, supporting broader initiatives in circular bioeconomy and sustainable animal production.

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