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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

ijc
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

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Articles 18 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 11, No 1 (2011)" : 18 Documents clear

REMOVAL OF NATURAL ORGANIC MATTER USING ELECTROCOAGULATION AS A FIRST STEP FOR DESALINATION OF BRACKISH WATER Wasinton Simanjuntak; Irwan Ginting; Kamisah D. Pandiangan
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In the present study, electrocoagulation method was employed to remove natural organic matter from brackish water. This study explores the potential of brackish water as a source of potable water. Two electrochemical variables, potential and contact time, were tested to determine their effect on the treatment efficiency defined in terms of the reduction of the absorbance at the wavelength of 254 nm (A254). Both potential and contact time were found to influence the removal efficiency of the method, and the best result was obtained from the experiment using the potential of 8 V and contact time of 60 min, resulting in 69.5% reduction of the absorbance. Very clean treated water was produced with much lower conductivity (12.06 mS/cm) as compared to that obtained for the sea water sample from a location near to the sampling site (133.9 mS/cm).

Differentiation of Curcuma longa, Curcuma xanthorrhiza and Zingiber cassumunar by Thin Layer Chromatography Fingerprint Analysis Mohamad Rafi; Eti Rohaeti; Ali Miftahudin; Latifah K. Darusman
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Turmeric (Curcuma longa), java turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) and cassumunar ginger (Zingiber cassumunar) are widely used in traditional Indonesian medicine. These three herbs have relatively similar rhizomes colour so it is difficult to be differentiated especially if they are in powder form. A rapid and reliable method, thin layer chromatography (TLC) fingerprint, has been developed in order to identify, authenticate and differentiate these three herbs through fingerprint profile of chemical compounds. TLC fingerprints of the three herbs were obtained by visualization of separate zones with visible and UV (254 and 366 nm) light. The TLC fingerprint pattern is different each other and showed a specific marker zones respectively. Therefore, TLC fingerprint can be utilized for identification, authentication and differentiation method in quality control of the three herbs tested.

MINIMIZE THE HYDROGENATION OF UNSATURATED FATTY ACID IN RUMEN WITH FORMALDEHYDE Nafly C. Tiven; Lies Mira Yusiati; Rusman Rusman; Umar Santoso
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

This research aimed to know the ability of formaldehyde to protect unsaturated fatty acid of CPO on the hydrogenation process by rumen microbes. In this experiment, the in vitro fermentation of rumen fluid was carrying out. It was taken from the rumen-trocar of female sheep. The unsaturated fatty acid source was from CPO (Crude Palm Oil) which encapsulated by formaldehyde 37% within 0%, 1%, 2% and 3%. The data was analyzed by Completely Random Design with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test. The difference of means the treatments were tested by Duncan's New Multiple Range Test. Result showed that oleic and linoleic resulting from fermenting CPO protected by formaldehyde was increase if it was compared with the unprotected CPO. It can be concluded that encapsulated CPO with formaldehyde was able to prevent hydrogenating of unsaturated fatty acid, mainly oleic and linoleic.

ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION OF ETHANOL USING Ni-Co-PVC COMPOSITE ELECTRODE Riyanto Riyanto; Mohamed Rozali Othman; Jumat Salimon
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The morphological characteristics and electrochemical behavior of nickel metal foil (Ni), nickel-polyvinyl chloride (Ni-PVC) and nickel-cobalt-polyvinyl chloride (Ni-Co-PVC) electrodes in alkaline solution has been investigated. The morphological characteristics of the electrode surface were studied using SEM and EDS, while the electrochemical behavior of the electrodes was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV). It was found that composite electrodes (Ni-PVC and Ni-Co-PVC) have a porous, irregular and rough surface. In situ studies using electrochemical technique using those three electrodes exhibited electrochemical activity for redox system, as well as selectivity in the electrooxidation of ethanol to acetic acid. The studies also found that an electrokinetics and electrocatalytic activity behaviors of the electrodes prepared were Ni metal foil<Ni-PVC2/NiOOH and Co(OH)2/CoOOH catalysts which were determined by the XPS and cyclic voltammetry studies. A better electrokinetics and electrocatalytic activity behaviors electrodes, gave a better results in the electrooxidation of ethanol in alkaline solution.

SYNTHESIS OF POLYETHYLENE OXIDE (PEO)–CHITOSAN HYDROGEL PREPARED BY GAMMA RADIATION TECHNIQUE Erizal Erizal; Thamrin Wikanta
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Crosslinked PEO hydrogel containing chitosan for wound dressing has been prepared by gamma radiation technique. Chitosan solutions with different concentration (0.5-2% w/v) have been blended with 5% aqueous solution of PEO and irradiated at the doses 20-40 kGy by gamma rays. The copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy and their physico-chemical properties of hydrogels were evaluated in terms of gel fraction, swelling ratio, elongation at break and antimicrobial activities. It was found that under maximum condition of incorporation 1% chitosan with irradiation dose of 20 kGy, PEO-chitosan hydrogels with high gel fraction (85%), swelling ratio (10 g/g) and elongation at break (145%) were obtained. The examination of the microbe penetration shows that the prepared hydrogels can be considered as a good barrier against microbes. Thus, PEO-chitosan hydrogel showed satisfactory properties for use as a wound dressing.

STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL COMPOUND FROM Ficus deltoidea Jack LEAVES Suryati Suryati; Hazli Nurdin; Dachriyanus Dachriyanus; Md Nordin Hj Lajis
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

An antibacterial compound has been isolated from Ficus deltoidea Jack leaves. Based on spectroscopic data (IR, 1H-NMR, 13C NMR 1D and 2D and MS), the structure of this compound was identified as 3β-hydroksilup-20(29)-en, (lupeol), C30H50O. This compound showed antibacterial activities against E. coli, B. subtilis and S. aureus. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) against E. coli, B. subtilis and S. aureus are 150, 220 and 130 μg/mL respectively.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARATERISATION OF RICE HUSK SILICA BASED BOROSILICATE (B2SiO5) CERAMIC BY SOL-GEL ROUTES Simon Sembiring
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In this research, borosilicate ceramics were produced from rice husk silica. Preparation of borosilicate ceramics was conducted by mixing boron oxide sol from borax with silica sol extracted from rice husk. The boron oxide was produced by hydrolysis of borax using H2SO4 5%. The samples were synthesized with different compositions, with the ratios of silica to boron oxide are 8:1, 8:2, 8:3 and 8:4. The samples were sintered at 900 °C. Functional groups were examined using FTIR spectroscopic technique. Structural and microstructural characteristics were examined by XRD and SEM, respectively. The chemical resistance of borosilicate is evaluated by gravimetric method using H2SO4, HCl, NaOH and KOH. The FTIR study revealed that the main functional groups are Si-O-Si, B-O-B, and B-O-Si. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) study revealed that the main crystalline phases are borosilicate (B2SiO5) and boron oxide (B2O3). SEM investigations clearly demonstrated that the smaller particle size was found with increasing in boron oxide concentration. From the chemical resistance test carried out, it was obtained that the produced borosilicate possessed high resistance to acids and alkalis.

PREPARATION OF TEMPERATURE-RESPONSIVE POLYMER BY GRAFTING OF N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE (NIPAAM) ONTO SOLID WASTE CASSAVA Irwan Ginting Suka; Wasinton Simanjuntak
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In this study, cellulose prepared from solid waste of cassava industry was functionalized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) using grafting technique with the aid of cerium (IV) as initiator, to obtain temperature responsive polymer. In this research, several factors influencing the grafting process and the characteristics of the grafted polymer were investigated, including concentration of monomer and initiator, temperature, reaction time, and solvent used. The functionality of native and grafted cellulose was analyzed using FTIR spectroscopic technique and the response of grafted polymer toward temperature was evaluated with water absorption experiment. Increased concentration of both monomer and initiator was found to promote percentage of polymerization, and utilization of organic solvent was found to enhance the percentage of polymerization. From absorption experiment, it was found that the produced polymer was responsive toward temperature of its environment, as indicated by higher water adsorption at temperature of 5 °C compared to that adsorbed at temperature of 50 °C.

BENZYLISOQUINOLINE ALKALOIDS FROM BARK OF Cryptocarya rugulosa Nurdin Saidi; Hiroshi Morita; Marc Litaudon; Mat Ropi Mukhtar; Khalijah Awang; A. Hamid A. Hadi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Seven known Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, Papraline 1, (+)-norcinnamolaurine 2, (+)-codamine 3, (+)-6-methoxy-1-(3'-methoxybenzyl)-N-methyl-7-isoquinolinol 4, (+)-reticuline N-oxide 5, (+)-reticuline 6 and (-)-N-methylisococlaurine 7 were isolated from bark of Cryptocarya rugulosa. A combination of 1D-NMR (1H, 13C, DEPT, NOE), 2D-NMR (COSY, NOESY, HMQC, HMBC), MS (HRESI+, FAB+ and EI) spectroscopy used to elucidate the structure.

NOVEL DESIGN OF CALANONE DERIVATIVES AS ANTI-LEUKEMIA COMPOUNDS BASED ON QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP ANALYSIS Ponco Iswanto; Mochammad Chasani; Harjono Harjono; Iqmal Tahir; Muhammad Hanafi; Eva Vaulina YD
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Leukemia drug discovery based on calanone compound was conducted in previous research and produced 6 calanone derivatives. Most of them have lower activities against leukemia cell L1210 than pure calanone. A Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analysis is conducted in this work to find more active calanone derivatives. Six compounds were used as the material of the research because they already have anti-leukemia activity data expressed in Inhibitory Concentration of Fifty Percent Cell Lethal (IC50, in mg/mL). Calculation of predictors was performed by AM1 semiempirical method. QSAR equation is determined using Principle Component Regression (PCR) analysis, with Log IC50 as dependent variable. Independent variables (predictors) are atomic net charges, dipole moment (m), and coefficient partition of n-octanol/water (Log P). This work recommends 3 novel designs of calanone derivatives that may have higher activities (in mg/mL) than those already available, i.e. gemdiol calanone (57.78), 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone calanone (30.94) and 2,4,6-trinitrophenylhydrazone calanone (18.96).

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