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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14119420     EISSN : 24601578     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 25 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 22, No 5 (2022)" : 25 Documents clear
Optimization of Aptamer-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for ATP Detection Using Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode/Gold Nanoparticles (SPCE/AuNP) Rahmaniar Mulyani; Nida Yumna; Iman Permana Maksum; Toto Subroto; Yeni Wahyuni Hartati
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 22, No 5 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.72820

Abstract

Electrochemical biosensors are used to detect adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, which are involved in a variety of biological processes, such as regulating cellular metabolism and biochemical pathways. Therefore, this research aims to develop an aptamer-based electrochemical biosensor with Screen Printed Carbon Electrode/gold nanoparticles (SPCE/AuNP) and collect data as well as information related to ATP detection. The modification of SPCE with AuNP increased the analyte’s binding sensitivity and biocompatibility. The aptamer was selected based on its excellent bioreceptor characteristics. Furthermore, aptamer–SH (F1) and aptamer-NH2 (F2) were immobilized on the SPCE/AuNP surface, which had been characterized using SEM, EIS, and DPV. Also, the ATP-binding aptamers were electrochemically characterized using the K3[Fe(CN)6] redox system and Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV). According to the optimization results using the Box-Behnken experimental design, the ideal conditions obtained from the factors influencing the experiment were the F1 concentration and incubation time of 4 µM and 24 h, respectively, as well as F1/F2/ATP incubation time of 7.5 min. Meanwhile, for the range of 0.1 to 100 µM, the detection (LoD) and quantification (LoQ) limits were 7.43 and 24.78 µM, respectively. Therefore, this aptasensor method can be used to measure ATP levels in real samples.
Inhibition of Carbon Steel Corrosion by Some New Organic 2-Hydroselenoacetamide Derivatives in HCl Medium Alaa Abdel Khaleq Khalib; Hanan Abdul Jaleel Al-Hazam; Attared Fadhel Hassan
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 22, No 5 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.72852

Abstract

This study aims to prepare 2-hydroselenoacetamide derivatives (5-8) to use some of these compounds as corrosion inhibition for carbon steel in 1 M HCl. The compound C10H10NO2Cl 1 was prepared by reacting between p-aminoacetophenone with chloroacetyl chloride, and then reacted 1 with substituted benzaldehyde to obtain the corresponding derivatives as C17H13N2O4Cl 2, C18H16NO4Cl 3 and C19H18NO4Cl 4. The last step in this study was conducted to obtain the organic hydroselenoacetamide such as C10H11NO2Se 5, C17H14N2O4Se 6, C18H17NO4Se 7, and C19H19NO4Se 8 by reacting chloroaminochalcone and sodium hydrogen selenide. All compounds were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and elemental analysis (CHN). The corrosion inhibition activity of C17H14N2O4Se 6, C18H17NO4Se 7 and C19H18NO4Cl 4 for carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution was investigated by using weight loss methods and electrochemical study. The activation energy of the corrosion reaction was also calculated. The effect of different concentrations and temperatures on inhibition efficiency was investigated. The results showed that the corrosion rate decreased with the increase of the concentration of inhibitors, while the inhibition efficiency and covered area decreased with an increase in the temperature. Polarization studies demonstrated that the inhibitors were of mixed type. The purpose of this study was to prepare, characterize and evaluate the corrosion inhibition activity of hydroselenide compounds for carbon steel in 1 M HCl.
Effect of Sensitive pH on Hydroxyapatite Properties Synthesized from Chicken Eggshell Ferli Septi Irwansyah; Azhari Yusuf; Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy; Risdiana Risdiana; Atiek Rostika Noviyanti
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 22, No 5 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.72959

Abstract

The hydrothermal method has effectively synthesized hydroxyapatite (HA). This study aimed to analyze the effect of pH on the properties (purity, crystallinity, and size) of HA crystals. HA synthesis of chicken eggshells was carried out using the hydrothermal method at temperatures of 230 °C with pH 9 and 9.34. The characteristics of HA are determined by XRF, XRD, FTIR, and TEM. The composition of the most significant compound obtained from the results of XRF analysis is CaO (97.5%). The XRD analysis showed that the purity of HA with pH 9.00 and 9.34 obtained was 97.8 and 96.6%, with the crystallinity of 56.46 and 56.96%. It was also obtained that the size of crystal HA was 21.8 and 15.7 nm for samples synthesized at pH 9.00 and 9.34. The results showed that the purity and size of HA were affected by differences in the pH synthesis and were relatively the same for its crystallinity which directly affects the value lattice parameter. The properties of HA produced by the hydrothermal method have met the criteria for biomedical applications.
Microwave-Assisted Chemical Co-reduction of Pd Nanoparticles Anchored on Reduced Graphene Oxide with Different Loading Amounts Dyah Ayu Fatmawati; Triyono Triyono; Wega Trisunaryanti; Uswatul Chasanah
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 22, No 5 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.73206

Abstract

Microwave-assisted Palladium/Reduced Graphene Oxide (Pd/RGO) synthesis was effectively carried out in this study, which looked at the effects of different Pd loading weights in Graphene Oxide (GO) on its physicochemical qualities. The Tour technique was used to make GO, with a KMnO4:graphite weight ratio of 3.5. Meanwhile, Pd/RGO was synthesized utilizing the in-situ reduction method of one-pot synthesis with ascorbic acid as the green reducing agent, yielding Pd-0.5/RGO, Pd-1.0/RGO, and Pd-2.0/RGO, respectively, with variations in Pd loading weight of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0%. XRD, FTIR, SAA, SEM-EDX, and TEM were used to examine all material characterizations. As a result, Pd-1.0/RGO had the largest surface area of 65.168 m2/g among the Pd-based materials, with a pore volume of 0.111 cc/g, the pore diameter of 3.316 nm, Pd crystallite size of 28.29 nm, RGO nanostructure dimension of 3.37 × 28.53 nm, and reduction level (C/O) of 3.02. This material also contains specific functional groups, including O-H, C-H, CO2, C=C, C=O, and C-O, based on FTIR spectra. Therefore, optimal weight loading of metal on the surface of the supporting material will provide a large material surface area. Increasing the surface area of the material improves its performance as a catalyst.
Polyvinyl Alcohol-Cellulose Nanocrystal Hydrogel Containing Anti-inflammatory Agent Lia Amelia Tresna Wulan Asri; Athiya Anindya; Yuni Eva Kartika; Dita Puspitasari; Untung Triadhi; Husaini Ardy
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 22, No 5 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.73357

Abstract

Hydrogel wound dressings were developed through cross-linking reactions of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with glutaraldehyde and by the addition of diclofenac sodium and rutin as anti-inflammatory agents. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were added to improve mechanically and release properties. CNC was isolated from pineapple leaf fibers through the ammonium persulfate method resulting in a mixture of rod-like whisker and spherical morphology. The mechanical properties of hydrogels are increasing with the addition of CNC. Hydrogels containing 8% CNC exhibited 7.266 N/mm2 tensile strength, 156.3% maximum strain, and 700.3 N/mm2 elastic modulus. Drug release tests containing sodium diclofenac were done by taking incubated phosphate buffer saline samples in a pH 7.4 environment and showed that all CNC variations tested are controllable for the first 30 min compared to the sample without CNC. Sodium diclofenac is easily eluted from hydrogel due to its polar properties, and all samples almost demonstrated the same release profile. PVA hydrogels showed fluctuating concentrations of diclofenac compared to others. While hydrogels containing rutin showed a controlled release mode, the addition of CNC in PVA resulted in a slower release of rutin, possibly due to the better binding between CNC and rutin. To conclude, CNC has successfully improved the performance of PVA hydrogels, including the drug release properties.
Profiling of Phytochemical Compounds of East Java Red Rice Bran Has the High-Value Biological Activities as Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Yoravika Dwiwibangga; Anna Safitri; Fatchiyah Fatchiyah
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 22, No 5 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.73432

Abstract

The phytochemicals contained in rice bran, mainly flavonoid compounds, are predicted to have biological activity. Flavonoids are able to counteract the free radicals and degrade insulin resistance. The East Java Red Rice Bran samples, e.g., Mentik Wangi, Aek Sibundong, and Blambangan, were used in the study. Their phytochemical profiles, functional groups, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities were investigated. The phytochemical analysis showed that the bran of Mentik Wangi, Aek Sibundong, and Blambangan contained flavonoid, triterpenoid, phenolic, tannin, and glycoside. Based on the FTIR, some functional groups were identified in three rice bran varieties, namely, the O-H stretching, C-H aliphatic, C-H sp3 stretching, C=C stretching aromatics, C=C stretching alkenes, CH2 and CH3 bonds rocking, C-H aromatic, CH-OH stretching alcohols, and C-O stretching ether or ester suggesting that rice brans are rich in phytochemical compounds. Through LC-HRMS analysis in positive ion mode, several types of flavonoids were confirmed. Pinocembrin was found in the three brands. The highest antioxidant and antidiabetic activity were observed in Blambangan rice bran with an IC50 value of 1.09 and 75.76 µg/mL, respectively. To conclude, the red rice bran phytochemical compounds exhibit potential biological activities as antioxidant and antidiabetic agents.
Electrochemical Sensor of Levofloxacin on Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode Decorated by Nickel Nanoparticles Prastika Krisma Jiwanti; Irfansyah Rais Sitorus; Grandprix Thomryes Marth Kadja; Siti Wafiroh; Yasuaki Einaga
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 22, No 5 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.73515

Abstract

Levofloxacin (LEV) was known as one of the fluoroquinolone antibiotics that widely used as an antibacterial agent. Monitoring of LEV is important due to its negative side effect on humans. The determination of LEV was studied for the first time on nickel modified on a boron-doped diamond (NiBDD) electrode using the square wave voltammetry (SWV) method to improve the catalytic and sensitivity of the sensor. The response was linear in the range of 30–100 mM LEV. LEV sensor on NiBDD was found to be selective in the presence of urea, glucose, and ascorbic acid interferences. Good reproducibility with % a relative standard deviation of 1.45% (n = 10) was achieved. Therefore, the NiBDD electrode could be potentially applied for the real detection method of LEV.
Synthesis and Characterization of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxypropanoic Acid (2,4-DP) Herbicide Interleaved into Calcium-Aluminium Layered Double Hydroxide and the Study of Controlled Release Formulation Farah Liyana Bohari; Nur Aishah Mohd Noor; Sheikh Ahmad Izaddin Sheikh Mohd Ghazali; Nur Nadia Dzulkifli; Is Fatimah; Nurain Adam
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 22, No 5 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.73546

Abstract

The commonly used herbicide in agriculture, namely 2,4-dichlorophenoxypropanoic acid (2,4-DP), is an anionic herbicide used to interleave into the interlayer of calcium-aluminum layered double hydroxide (Ca-Al LDH) employing co-precipitation method to form a new nanohybrid labeled as CAL-2,4DP. The LDH compound serves as a host in supporting the herbicide’s controlled release formulation. The effective interleave was investigated by employing a powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern at 0.025 M nanocomposite, which revealed that the basal spacing has increased from 8.0 Å to 23.8 Å. The ATR-FTIR spectra further supported the interleaving, where the nitrate peak (NO−) diminished, and the carboxylate ion (COO−) band appeared at 1653 cm−1. The percentage loading of CAL-2,4DP was 71.26%, calculated from the carbon content in the sample. The BET analysis shows that CAL-2,4DP was a mesoporous material relying on nitrogen-desorption isotherms. The release of 2,4-DP ions into the aqueous solutions followed the order of PO43− > CO32− > Cl− with a percentage of 83, 65, and 30%, respectively. This work indicates the successful interleaving process of the 2,4-DP anion and the potential of CAL-2,4DP as an eco-friendly agrochemical that can be beneficial for farmers in minimizing herbicide usage to the environment.
Enhanced Drug Release of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles Modified with Hydrophilic Polymers: Chitosan and Carboxymethyl Chitosan Diah Lestari; Noverra Mardhatillah Nizardo; Kamarza Mulia
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 22, No 5 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.73673

Abstract

The biodegradable polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biomaterial with great potential as a drug delivery carrier and a tissue engineering scaffold. Using diclofenac sodium (DS) as a drug model, PLGA/DS nanoparticles were synthesized by modification with two hydrophilic polymers: chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh). The introduction of chitosan and CMCh enhances the efficiency encapsulation, capacity loading of the nanoparticles, and DS release at pH 6.8 and minimum release at pH 1.2. Synthesis of nanoparticles was carried out using a double emulsion (water/oil/water) solvent evaporation method. Characterization using an Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrophotometer indicates that the interaction between DS and polymer on nanoparticles is non-covalent with a spherical shape based on a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterization. From the various formulation studied, nanoparticles with the ratio chitosan-PLGA-DS and CMCh-PLGA-DS of 2:20:4 proved to be the optimum model carrier with the required release profile and could be the alternative for DS delivery systems.
Synthesis, DFT Calculations, DNA Interaction, and Antimicrobial Studies of Some Mixed Ligand Complexes of Oxalic Acid and Schiff Base Trimethoprim with Various Metal Ions Eid Abdalrazaq; Abdel Aziz Qasem Jbarah; Taghreed Hashim Al-Noor; Gassan Thabit Shinain; Mohammed Mahdi Jawad
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 22, No 5 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.74020

Abstract

Mixed ligand metal complexes are synthesized from oxalic acid with Schiff base, and the Schiff base was obtained from trimethoprim and acetylacetone. The synthesized complexes were of the type [M(L1)(L2)], where the metal, M, is Ni(II), Cu(II), Cr(III), and Zn(II), L1 corresponds to the trimethoprim ((Z)-4-((4-amino-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2-yl)imino)pentane-2-one) as the first ligand and L2 represent the oxalate anion ( ) as a second ligand. Characterization of the prepared compounds was performed by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic measurements, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectral studies. The recorded infrared data is reinforced with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Also, the recorded and calculated IR spectra of the complexes suggested that the coordination of Schiff base is a bidentate ligand with Cu and Ni complexes and a tridentate ligand with Co, Cr, and Zn complexes. The electronic structures of the complexes were investigated by DFT calculations, showing several degrees of HOMO-LUMO energy gaps between complexes. The complexes were studied for their DNA interaction activities. The synthesized ligand and its metal complexes were evaluated for antimicrobial properties against bacterial strains of Bacillus subtilis (G+), Enterobacter cloacae (G-), and Staphylococcus aureus (G+). These complexes considered in this study showed good antimicrobial activity.

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