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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14119420     EISSN : 24601578     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 25 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 24, No 1 (2024)" : 25 Documents clear
Fast and Simple Au3+ Colorimetric Detection Using AgNPs and Investigating Its Reaction Mechanism Faathir Al Faath Rachmawati; Bambang Rusdiarso; Eko Sri Kunarti
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.84446

Abstract

One of the precious metals that has numerous applications is gold. Although it is non-toxic and biocompatible, the oxidized form, Au3+, is toxic and can cause damage to human organs. Detection of Au3+ becomes a necessary and interesting topic to be conducted. Colorimetric analysis using metal nanoparticles such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can analyze metal ions more simply, sensitively, and selectively than traditional methods. In this research, AgNPs were synthesized using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and ascorbic acid as stabilizers and reducing agents. The interaction between Au3+ and AgNPs selectively decreased the absorbance intensity of AgNPs and altered the color of colloidal AgNPs from yellow to colorless. These two phenomena indicated a redox reaction between Au3+ and AgNPs, leading to the decomposition of AgNPs. The decomposition of AgNPs (the proposed mechanism) was confirmed by TEM images and UV-vis spectra. The decrease in AgNPs’ absorbance intensity correlated linearly with the increase in added Au3+ concentration. The calibration curve of ∆A versus Au3+ ion concentration yielded LOD and LOQ of 0.404 and 1.347 μg/mL, respectively.
Characteristic and Performance of Ni, Pt, and Pd Monometal and Ni-Pd Bimetal onto KOH Activated Carbon for Hydrotreatment of Castor Oil Wega Trisunaryanti; Triyono Triyono; Iip Izul Falah; Dwi Bagus Wicaksono; Satriyo Dibyo Sumbogo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.84640

Abstract

The preparation of highly efficient hydrotreating catalysts has presented a significant challenge in the field of catalysis. In this study, chemically activated carbon (AC) was prepared using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as an activator and Merbau wood as a lignocellulosic source for the AC. The AC was then impregnated with mono-metallic species (nickel, platinum, and palladium) as well as a bimetallic NiPd combination. The results revealed that the optimal KOH impregnation weight ratio was determined to be 2:1, resulting in a remarkably high iodine value of 751.94 mg/g. Subsequently, AC was employed as a support material for the hydrotreating of castor oil. Among the catalysts tested, the NiPd/AC catalyst demonstrated superior performance, yielding a liquid fraction comprising 88.80 wt.%. Within this fraction, C5-C12 hydrocarbons accounted for 15.16 wt.%, alcohol compounds constituted 71.69 wt.%, while the remaining 0.87 wt.% consisted of other components. Furthermore, the NiPd/AC catalyst exhibited remarkable stability, as its performance remained largely unchanged even after being used three times consecutively. This finding suggests that coking had minimal impact on the active sites of the mentioned catalyst, indicating its robustness and potential for prolonged application.
Optical and Crystal Structure Properties of ZnO Nanoparticle Synthesized through Biosynthesis Method for Photocatalysis Application Sri Wahyu Suciyati; Posman Manurung; Junaidi Junaidi; Rudy Situmeang
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.84796

Abstract

In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized from zinc nitrate hexahydrate precursor and mango leaf extract (MLE). The purpose of this research was to investigate the crystal structure and optical properties exhibited by ZnO NPs for photocatalytic applications. ZnO NPs produced from various concentrations of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and the addition of MLE during the synthesis stage demonstrated intriguing physical structure and optical properties. XRD characterization results revealed the attainment of a pure ZnO phase with a high crystallinity degree in all samples. Biosynthesis with MLE unveiled minor peaks corresponding to the cellulose phase. The achieved crystallite size ranged from 15–28 nm. The FTIR patterns detected in the wavenumber range of 600–4000 cm−1 indicated successful crystallization of all ZnO NPs samples. The band gap energy for each sample (ZnO-A to ZnO-E) is indicated to be in the range of 3.25, 3.25, 3.26, 3.31, and 3.17 eV, as demonstrated by the Tauc relation. The effect of MB degradation by the ZnO-E photocatalyst is revealed by the photodegradation of 96.46%.
Hexahydro-1,2,3-triazine Derivatives: Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation, Antibiofilm Activity and Study of Molecular Docking Against Glucosamine-6-Phosphate Nabel Bunyan Ayrim; Fadhel Rukhis Hafedh; Yasir Mohamed Kadhim; Abduljabbar Sabah Hussein; Ahmed Mutanabbi Abdula; Ghosoun Lafta Mohsen; Mohammed Mahdi Sami
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.85521

Abstract

The N,N',N''-trisubstituted hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine derivatives (3a–g) had been created and identified through infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry according to their symmetric basic structure. Three molecules of diverse aromatic amines and three molecules of formaldehyde were assembled in a "1+1+1+1+1+1" condensation reaction to produce hexahydrotriazines. Two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and two Gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the produced compounds. The anti-biofilm activity of 3g against S. aureus was also examined. In this investigation, glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase was employed to investigate the binding affinity of 3g within the enzyme's binding site. The results demonstrated that most of the synthesized hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine compounds have mild antimicrobial effects in comparison with the commonly used drug ampicillin, whereas the compounds 3g are potentially anti-biofilm agents. Molecular docking with the Autodock 4.2 tool was applied to study the binding affinity. It was found to hit (3g) in the active center of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase as the target enzyme for antimicrobial agents. In silico studies reveal that the discovered hit is a promising glucosamine-6-phosphate inhibitor, as well as that the docking data matched up to the in vitro assay.
A New Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles and Its Application as a Beta-Hematin Inhibitor Rana Abd Al-Aly Khamees Al-Refaia; Eman Alrikabi; Ahmed Ali Alkarimi; Rafaela Vasiliadou
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.85583

Abstract

To prevent the development of drug resistance and unwanted side effects, nanomaterials have been studied for their potential to inhibit beta-hematin, an important protein for the survival of malaria parasites. The use of nanomaterials as a medication against parasites and mosquito vectors has recently shown promising drug therapeutic strategies. One of the newest areas of interest in nanotechnology and nanoscience is the environmentally friendly production of nanoparticles. Green synthesis to produce metal nanoparticles is the most important strategy to overcome the possible dangers of toxic chemicals for a safe and harmless environment. For this study, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were synthesized using Iraqi basil leaf extract, demonstrating its novelty in nanosciences. The formation of CuNPs can be seen visually as a color shift from green to brownish. UV-vis absorption spectra, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. The surface plasmon resonance property (SPR) of CuNPs is revealed by UV-vis analysis, which shows a distinctive absorption peak at 420–430 nm, whereas SEM reveals the spherical shape of CuNPs with sizes ranging from 30 to 50 nm.
Design, Synthesis of New Imidazolium-1,2,3-triazole Hybrid Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents Ameer Salem Muttaleb; Nardeen Adnan Berto; Sahar Adeeb Mamoori; Zaman Abdalhussein Ibadi Alaridhee; Ehab Kareem Obaid; Ali Jabbar Radhi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.85704

Abstract

New imidazolium salts with 1,2,3-triazole rings (rm1-rm5) were prepared in the current work using a design-driven synthetic procedure scheme. By using analytical techniques such as NMR, IR and spectral information, the chemical structures of target synthesized products were identified using results that were discovered in perfect accord with their assigned structures. The microorganism used in the current study were bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus luteus, as well as the fungal strains of Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. All the end products were estimated for their antibacterial activity. The values for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were confirmed by comparison to the widely used antibiotics fluconazole and ciprofloxacin as control drugs. Particularly, the compounds (rm5) and (rm4) showed observable antibacterial activity. These compounds might offer a brand-new place to start when looking for new antibacterial medications.
Controllable Cetrimide – Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of MoFe2O4 and Coupling with Al2O3 as an Effective Photocatalyst for Decolorization of Indigo Carmine Dye Mohammed Ali Hameed; Luma Majeed Ahmed
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.86693

Abstract

This research focuses on the MoFe2O4 nanoparticles synthesized via the hydrothermal method in the presence of positive surfactant- Cetrimide (CT) as a template and stabilizer. This is vital to prevent the agglomeration and reducing its activity. The mean crystal sizes of MoFe2O4 and its composite with alumina system were observed to be 23.97 and 47.41 nm, respectively. The shapes of MoFe2O4 and its composite are nanoplate and like-popcorn nanoparticles. The EDX spectra demonstrated that the MoFe2O4 and its composite are truly synthesized with high purity. The FTIR proved the MoFe2O4 is normal spinel. Based on the Tauc equation, band gaps were measured and found to be 2.78 and 4.05 eV for MoFe2O4 and its nanocomposite. The photo decolorization efficiency (PDE) of indigo carmine dye (IC) using MoFe2O4 nanoparticles and its nanocomposite was discovered to be 90.84 and 91.50%, respectively, at pH 5.3, 10 °C for 50 min. This photoreaction obeys the pseudo-first order, exothermic, spontaneous, and negative activation energy, that attitude to the multi-step occurs in chain reactions. This behavior depends on the speed of the binding step of the dye with Fe3+, Mo6+, or Al3+ in the crystal lattice of MoFe2O4 nanoparticle and its nanocomposite.
ZnO-Loaded SA-g-Poly (AC-co-EBS) Hydrogel Nanocomposite as an Efficient Adsorption of Tetracycline and Phenol: Kinetics and Thermodynamic Models Aseel Mushtak Aljeboree; Mohammed Kassim Al-Hussainawy; Usama Salim Altimari; Shaymaa Abed Al-Hussein; Maha Daham Azeez; Ayad Fadhil Alkaim
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.86711

Abstract

A synthetic superabsorbent polymer hydrogel nanocomposite was prepared by the free radical graft co-polymerization method. This study included the preparation of two surfaces: first sodium alginate-g-(acrylic acid-co-sodium; 4-ethenylbenzenesulfonate), SA-g-poly (Ac-co-EBS) hydrogel, and second surface hydrogel after zinc oxide loading SA-g-poly (Ac-co-EBS). Hydrogel nanocomposite was prepared from different monomers for the removal of pollutants. The physical characterizations of nanocomposite have been studied using several techniques like UV-vis, FTIR, FE-SEM, TEM, EDX, and XRD. The data from the adsorption study show that E% increases with increasing contact time, with the best agitation time of 1 h, after which the adsorption becomes constant. The increase in adsorbent amount 0.01–0.1 g, the percentage removal of tetracycline (TC) and phenol (PH) increased from 60.639–97.085 and 487.71–94.05%, respectively, and Qe decreased 606.39–97.08 to 487.1831–94.456 mg/g on hydrogel. The ∆H value is endothermic. All processes of adsorption are considered spontaneous, from a negative value of ∆G to a positive value of ∆S. The release of the TC drug was studied in conditions similar to those in the human body in terms of acidity and temperature. The cumulative release of TC drug in 3 h was 50.65%, 42.33%, pH = 7.5 and pH 1.2, respectively.
Cellulose Ethers from Banana (Musa balbisiana Colla) Blossom Cellulose: Synthesis and Multivariate Optimization Safira Zidna Salama; Maulidan Firdaus; Venty Suryanti
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.86769

Abstract

Cellulose ethers are biocompatible polymers which have attracted considerable attention for various applications due to their physical and mechanical properties. The present work aims to find the optimum condition for synthesizing cellulose ethers from banana blossom cellulose (BBC) such as methylcellulose (MC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC). The ultrasonication-assisted method as an energy source is used to shorten the synthesis time at room temperature and obtain high yields. The influences of various parameters (NaOH concentration, etherification agents, and sonication time) were analyzed using a multivariate statistical modeling response surface methodology (RSM). The materials were characterized by FTIR, SEM, and TGA. The cellulose ethers obtained have the potential as food additives with DS values of 2.0, 0.7, and 0.86, respectively. MC was synthesized optimally with a yield of 96.52% using a composition of cellulose (0.4 g), 50% (w/v) NaOH (10 mL) and dichloromethane (6 mL). CMC was synthesized optimally with a yield of 98.26% using a composition of cellulose (0.4 g), 30% (w/v) NaOH (2 mL) and monochloroacetic acid (1 g). HPC was synthesized optimally with a yield of 97.51% using a composition of cellulose (0.4 g), 10% (w/v) NaOH (2 mL) and propylene oxide (1.5 mL).
Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of MCF-7 (Breast Cancer) for Schiff, Mannich Bases, and Their Complexes Ali Abdulkareem Al-Khazraji
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.87003

Abstract

A new synthesis of Schiff (K) 6 and Mannich bases (Q) 7 had formed compound (Q) 7 by reacting compound (K) with N-methylaniline at the presence of formalin 35% to given Mannich base (Q). Additionally, new complexes were formed by reacting Schiff base (K) with metal salts CuCl2·2H2O, PdCl2·2H2O, and PtCl6·6H2O by 2:1 of M:L ratio. New ligands and their complexes were characterized, exanimated, and confirmed through several techniques, including FTIR, UV-visible, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectroscopy, CHN analysis, FAA, TG, molar conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility. These compounds and their complexes were screened against breast cancer cells. It was determined that several of these compounds had a significant anti-breast cancer effect due to their ability to induce cell death and reduce tumor growth. Metal complexes have been thoroughly studied as a potential anti-cancer therapy and have shown promising results. It was revealed these complexes uniquely affect the biological processes involved in cancer growth, leading to apoptosis and fading of cells. To form MCF-7 cell cultures, MCF-7 cells were seeded in 96-well plates at an appropriate density (5 × 105 cells/well). Metal complexes utilized in MCF-7 therapy have the potential to disband some of the harms associated with chemotherapy, such as drug resistance and toxicity.

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