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INDONESIA
Mesin
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 4 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 14 No. 2 (1999)" : 4 Documents clear
Indonesian Experiences in Retrofitting of Some Milk Cooler Systems Ari D. Pasek; N. P Tandian; A Suwono; T Hardianto; T. A Fauzi Soelaiman
Mesin Vol. 14 No. 2 (1999)
Publisher : Mesin

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Abstract

To overcome the ozone layer depletion problem, the Indonesian government has ratified the Montreal protocol and its amendments. The import of R-12 refrigerant to Indonesia has been banned since the end of 1997. Meanwhile, most of Indonesian milk cooling units use R-12. Therefore, it is expected that these cooling units have to be switched to other refrigerant soon. Almost all of Indonesian milk cooling units belong to small or medium dairy cooperatives that cannot aflord to retrofit their systems to R-134a. In this research, a milk-cooling unit designed for R-12 was directly switched to propane/butane refrigerants (propane-isobutane, and propane/n-butane refrigerants) without any modification. The performances of the milk-cooling unit operated with propane/isobutane, propane/n-butane and R-12 gefiigerants were investigated. It was found that propane/n~bntane refligerant is the most eflicient, and followed by propane/isobutane and R-12. Results of several other milk cooling units were also reported.
ALTERNATIVE REFRIGERANTS AND THEIR THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES RESEARCH Koichi Watanabe; Januarius V Widiatmo
Mesin Vol. 14 No. 2 (1999)
Publisher : Mesin

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Abstract

The alternative refrigerants to be covered by the present paper include HFC (hydrofluorocarbon) refrigerants and their mixtures. Natural refrigerants such as hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide, and some new candidates such as HFEs (hydrofluoroethers), which all are non-ozone depleting substances. The authors aim to present an overview of the current state of the art with respect to several promising alternative refrigerants typically accepted in the refrigeration and air-conditioning industries in Japan. An emphasis will be given to the thermophysical properties research update that has significantly contributed to accelerate an adoption of binary and/or ternary HFC blends in various engineering applications. An important international collaboration through the IEA-Annex 18 project will be stressed so as to explain how the thermophysicists worldwide did contribute to achieve a successful landmark on thermodynamic property modeling of HFC refrigerants and their mixtures. Some essential features of other alternatives, such as hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, and HFEs will also be discussed based on the general technical observations.
THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF REFRIGERATOR USING CFC 12 AND HFC 134A Budihardjo Budihardjo
Mesin Vol. 14 No. 2 (1999)
Publisher : Mesin

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Abstract

A market survey found ± 7 companies registered to assemble refrigerators, with annual production capacity 600,000 units (1995) using CFC 12 as a refrigerant. The Association of Indonesia Electric Appliance Manufacturers and Suppliers has decided to convert refrigerant from CFC 12 to HFC 134a by January 1998. The influence of ODS and non ODS substances in refrigerators on energy consumption has been performed. The energy consumption of a manually defrost, single door, 150 Liter typical capacity refrigerators were measured at the Refrigerator Testing Laboratory University of Indonesia based on the protocol of ISO 7371 (E) 1995 under the ambient temperature of 30 "C with relative humidity between 60 % to 75 %.The averaged energy consumption of 7 units CFC-refrigerator were between 1. 1'1 and 1.38 kWh/24h, and for the HFC 134a-refrigerators between 1.03 and 1.22 kWh/24h. The energy consumption differences were approximately between 2 to 16 %.
Performance Comparison of CFC12, HCR12 and HCR12+LFS as Refrigerants Nila Damitri; C Soekardi; B. T Prasetyo; Sarwono Sarwono; Kafi'uddin Kafi'uddin; A Suwono; A. D Pasek; N. P Tandian
Mesin Vol. 14 No. 2 (1999)
Publisher : Mesin

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Abstract

Additional concern about warming of the global environment through the greenhouse effect has necessitated selection of compounds with shorter atmospheric lifetimes and higher energy efficiencies as substitute refligerants for Heating, Air Conditioning, and refrigerating equipment.Several substitute compounds of the hidrocarbon were identified by similarities in normal boiling points and corresponding saturated vapor pressure characteristics. Sample quantities were obtained from ITB (Two sample corresponds with CFCIZ named Hycool HCRI2 and Hycool HCR12+LFS). Performance comparisons among these refrigerants are performed utilizing Air Conditioning System test facility in Laboratory for Thermodynamics, Engines and Propulsion System (LIMP "“ BPP Teknologi). The results show that these alternatives refrigerants exhibit better performance than CFC I 2 at the predetermined operating conditions.

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