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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
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Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014" : 20 Documents clear
Pemberian Ekstrak Benalu Mangga terhadap Perubahan Histologis Hepar Tikus yang Diinduksi Kodein Maya Wijaya M, Sekar; -, Lisdiana; Setiati, Ning
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3103

Abstract

Benalu mangga mengandung senyawa kuersetin yang bertindak sebagai hepatoprotektor. Kodein merupakan jenis alkaloid dan banyak digunakan sebagai obat. Oversdosis kodein dapat menyebabkan kerusakan hepar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak benalu mangga terhadap perubahan histologis hepar tikus yang diinduksi kodein. Sebanyak 20 ekor tikus wistar jantan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok (K0, K, KB1, KB2, dan KB3). Kelompok K0 hanya diberi minum dan pakan standar, kelompok K diberi kodein 12mg/ekor selama 7 hari, selanjutnya hanya diberi pakan dan minum standar. Kelompok KB1 diberi kodein 12mg/ekor selama 7 hari dilanjutkan ekstrak benalu mangga 22mg/ekor sampai hari ke 21, kelompok KB2 diberi kodein 12mg/ekor selama 7 hari dilanjutkan ekstrak benalu mangga 44mg/ekor sampai hari ke 21, dan kelompok KB3 diberi kodein 12mg/ekor selama 7 hari dilanjutkan ekstrak benalu mangga 88mg/ekor sampai hari ke 21.Hari ke-27 semua tikus dibedah, diambil heparnya dan dibuat preparat histologi dengan pengecatan HE.Hasil penelitian kelompok K0 menunjukkan perubahan histologis hepar bermakna (p<0,05) antara K,KB1, KB2, dan KB3, sedangkan kelompok K tetapi tidak menunjukan perubahan bermakna (p>0,05) antara K,KB1, KB2, dan KB3. Pada kelompok K kerusakan struktur hepar meliputi inflamasi perportal dan degenerasi sedangkan pada kelompok KB1, KB2, dan KB3 kerusakan meliputi inflamasi periportal,degenerasi, dan nekrosis.Mangos mistletoes contain quercetin, a hepatoprotector. Codein is a type of alkaloids widely used as drug. Codein overdose can damage the liver. The objective of the study was know the effect of the administration of extract of mangos mistletoes on the changes of liver histology of codein-induced rats. As many as 20 male wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (K0, K, KB1, KB2, and KB3). K0 group were given only standard diet and water daily. K group were given codeine at 12mg/rats for 7 days, and afterwards they were given only standard diet and water daily. KB1 group were given codeine at 12mg/rats for 7 days and then were given extract of mangos mistletoes at 22 mg/rats until day 21, KB2 group were given codeine at 12mg/rats for 7 days and then were given extract of mangos mistletoes at 44 mg/rats until day 21, and KB3 group were given codeine at 12mg/rats for 7 days and were given extract of mangos mistletoes at 88 mg/rats until day 21. At day 27, all rats were killed, the livers were taken out for preparations with HE staining for histology examination. Research showed that K0 group was significantly different (p <0.05) to K, KB1, KB2, and KB3 groups, whereas K group was not significantly different to KB1, KB2 and KB3 groups. Rats in K group showed the changes in histological appearance such as periportal inflammation and degeneration, whereas rats in KB1, KB2, KB3 groups showed similar histological appearance but with necrosis.
Struktur Mikroanatomi Hati dan Kadar Kolesterol Total Plasma Darah Tikus Putih Strain Wistar Pasca Suplementasi Minyak Lemuru dan Minyak Sawit Surasa, Ngudy Jaka; Utami, Nur Rahayu; Isnaeni, Wiwi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3778

Abstract

Mengkonsumsi minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit secara terus menerus, diduga dapat menyebabkan kerusakan mikroanatomi hati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur mikroanatomi hati dan kadar kolesterol total plasma darah tikus putih strain Wistar paska suplementasi minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental, dengan rancangan acak lengkap. Penelitian menggunakan 25 ekor tikus usia 3 bulan. Masing-masing diberi minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru sebanyak 0%+0%, 5%+5%, 10%+10%, 15%+15%, dan 20%+20% secara per oral selama 28 hari. Data kadar kolesterol total plasma darah, berat badan tikus dan berat hati tikus dianalisis secara kuantitatif menggunakan ANAVA satu arah, dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru bersifat toksik terhadap hati dan dapat menurunan kadar kolesterol total plasma darah. Sifat toksik minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit terhadap hati dapat dilihat dari adanya perubahan struktur mikroanatomi hati, makroskopis hati tikus, dan berat hati tikus. Kerusakan struktur mikroanatomi hati yang ditemukan berupa kerusakan sel hati (nekrosis hati) serta melebarnya sinusoid. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pemberian minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru mengakibatkan kerusakan mikroanatomi berupa nekrosis sel hati, sehingga mempengaruhi makroskopis hati (perubahan tekstur dan warna), berat hati, dan mempengaruhi berat badan tikus.Consuming lemuru oil and palm oil continuously could be expected to cause damage to the liver micro-anatomy. This study aimed to determine the micro-anatomy structure of liver and blood plasma total cholesterol level of white rats Wistar strain by post-oil supplementation of lemuru and palm oil. This research was experimental, with a completely randomized design. The research used 25 mice aged 3 months. Each was given a palm oil and lemuru oil as much as 0%+0%, 5%+5%, 10%+10%, 15%+15%, and 20%+20% orally for 28 days. Blood plasma levels of total cholesterol, body weight of rats and mice liver weight quantitatively analyzed using one-way ANOVA, with an error rate of 5%. The results showed that the palm oil and lemuru oil was toxic to the liver and decreased the blood plasma total cholesterol levels. Toxicological properties lemuru oil and palm oil to the liver can be seen from the change in the micro-anatomy structure of heart, liver macroscopic rat, and mouse liver weight. Micro-anatomy structural damage on liver cells were found in the form liver necrosis as well as the widening of the sinusoid. The conclusion of this study was the provision of palm oil and lemuru oil was caused damage to microscopic liver cell necrosis form, thus affecting the macroscopic liver (changes in texture and color), a heavy heart, and affect the body weight of rats.
Potensi Ekowisata Danau di Kawasan Kamipang Kalimantan Tengah -, Decenly; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; Muhammad, Fuad
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3104

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengakaji potensi ekowisata di Kawasan Kamipang. Penelitian dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu pra survei, survei dan analisis laboratorium. Pra survei dilakukan untuk menentukan 3 (tiga) stasiun pengukuran kualitas air dan 3 (tiga) posisi transek untuk analisis vegetasi. Survei meliputi pengukuran kualitas air danau, inventarisasi keanekaragaman ikan, analisis vegetasi, serta presepsi masyarakat lokal, pengunjung dan stakeholder. Analisis laboratorium yang meliputi identifikasi ikan dan tumbuhan. Potensi aspek abiotik dan sosial akan diuraikan secara deskriptif dan potensi aspek biologi dianalisis dengan pendekatan Indeks keanekaragaman ikan dan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) untuk vegetasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa potensi abiotik yaitu berupa danau-danau alami dengan kondisi hidrologi yang cukup baik (nilai BOD berkisar antara 2-4 mg/L dengan kekeruhan kurang dari 25 NTU) dan iklim tropis dengan tanah yang subur, sedangkan potensi biologi yaitu berupa keanekaragaman ikan dan tumbuh-tumbuhan di sekitar danau ditambah dengan keberadaan ikan dan tumbuhan yang termasuk dalam The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013 dengan kategori Least Concern yaitu Ikan Peang (Channa maurilius), Balida (Notopterus chitala) dan Tumbuhan Kantong Semar (Nepenthes gracilis). Adapun potensi sosial berupa keunikan budaya dan kesenian tradisional.The study was aimed to evaluate the potential of ecotourism in Kamipang Region. The study was conducted through several stages of pre-survey, survey, and laboratory analysis. The pre-survey was conducted to determine three (3) water quality monitoring stations and three (3) transect positions for vegetation analysis. The survey included the measurement of lake water quality, the inventory of fish biodiversity, the vegetation analysis, and the perception of the local community, visitors and stakeholders. Laboratory analysis included the identification of fishes and plants. The potential of abiotic and social aspects were outlined descriptively and the potential biological aspects were analyzed using fish biodiversity index and vegetation important value index. The study showed the potential of abiotic aspects i.e. natural lakes with relatively good hydrological conditions (BOD value ranged between 2-4 mg/L and turbidity was less than 25 NTU) and tropical climate with fertile soil, whereas the biological potential comprised the diversity of fishes and vegetation around the lake along with the presence of fishes and plants that have been listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013 from the category of Least Concerned, i.e. Peang fish (Channa Maurilius), Balida (Notopterus Chitala) and Kantong Semar (pitcher) plants (Nepenthes Gracilis). The social potential was the uniqueness culture and the traditional arts.
Efek Interaksi Ragi Tape dan Ragi Roti terhadap Kadar Bioetanol Ketela Pohon (Manihot Utilissima, Pohl) Varietas Mukibat Kurniawan, Tri Budi; Bintari, Siti Harnina; Susanti, R.
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3783

Abstract

Ketela pohon (Manihot utilissima, Pohl) varietas mukibat berpotensi sebagai bahan baku bioetanol. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek interaksi ragi tape dan ragi roti terhadap kadar bioetanol ketela pohon mukibat dan menentukan interaksi terendah yang efektif menghasilkan bioetanol yang dapat terbakar. Sampel yang digunakan adalah ketela pohon mukibat umur 7 bulan dengan berat rata-rata 500 gram. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial, yaitu konsentrasi ragi tape (0%, 0,3%, 0,6% dan 0,9%) dan konsentrasi ragi roti (0%, 0,3%, 0,6% dan 0,9%) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Parameter yang diukur meliputi jumlah sel khamir (data pendukung) dan kadar bioetanol (data utama). Data kadar bioetanol yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan anava dua arah dan dilanjutkan uji Duncan (DMRT) pada taraf kesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh interaksi ragi tape dan ragi roti terhadap kadar bioetanol ketela pohon mukibat p>0,05. Konsentrasi ragi tape dan ragi roti yang tinggi menghasilkan kadar bioetanol yang tinggi. Interaksi ragi tape 0,6% dan ragi roti 0,3% (T2R1) merupakan interaksi terendah yang efektif menghasilkan kadar bioetanol yang dapat terbakar (36%). Interaksi ragi tape 0,9% dan ragi roti 0,9% (T3R3) menghasilkan kadar bioetanol tertinggi dengan rata-rata mencapai 49,8%.Cassava (Manihot utilissima, Pohl) var Mukibat is potential for bioethanol feedstock. The study aimed to determine the effects of the interaction of bread yeast and tape yeast on the concentration of mukibat cassava bioethanol and to determine the lowest effective interaction can produce flammable bioethanol. The samples used were mukibat cassava aged 7 months with an average weight of 500 grams. Research design was completely randomized design factorial, tape yeast concentration (0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9%) and the concentration of yeast bread (0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9%) with 3 replications. Parameters measured include the number of yeast cells (supporting data) and ethanol concentration (primary data). Bioethanol content data obtained were analyzed using two-way ANAVA and Duncan continued test (DMRT) at the level of 5% error. The results showed that no effect of the interaction of breads yeast and tape yeast on levels of cassava bioethanol p> 0.05. The concentration of bread yeast and tape yeast yielded in high concentration of ethanol. The interaction of yeast tape 0.6% and 0.3% bread yeast (T2R1) gave the lowest effective interaction produced 36% ethanol. The interaction of tape yeast 0.9% and 0.9% bread yeast (T3R3) resulted in the highest ethanol concentration with an average reached 49.8%.
Kelimpahan Serangga Predator kutudaun Aphis gossypii di Sentra Tanaman Sayuran di Sumatera Selatan -, Khodijah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3100

Abstract

Aphis gossypii sebagai vektor penyakit virus keriting yang dapat menyebabkan kerugian hingga 35% sebagai hama sebagai vektor dapat menyebabkan kerugian hingga 90%. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengeksplorasi dan mengidentifikasi serangga predator yang ditemukan di Sumatera Selatan. Survei serangga predator dilakukan pada tanaman cabai, tomat, dan mentimun. Hasil survei di Sumatera Selatan, yaitu daerah Sukarami, Inderalaya, Tanjung Raja, Gelumbang, Kenten, dan Talang Buruk telah ditemukan dua belas (12) spesies serangga predator A. gossypii yang yaitu, 10 spesies dari famili Coccinellidae, dan satu spesies dari famili Syrphidae dan Chamaemyiidae. Dua belas (12) spesies serangga predator yang ditemukan adalah Coccinella arcuata Fabricius, Coccinella repanda Thunberg, Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius), Coelophora maculata Thunberg, Coelophora pupillata Swartz, Verania lineata Thunberg, Verania discolor Fabricius, Chilocorus ruber Weise, Coelophora reniplagiata Mulsant, Chilocorus sp., Ischidion sp., dan spesies yang tidak dapat diidentifikasikan Chamaemyiidae. Yang paling dominan dari spesies serangga predator ditemukan adalah M. sexmaculatus. Kelimpahan tertinggi dari predator ditemukan pada cabai.Aphis gossypii as the vector of mosaic virus disease have caused loss of up to 35% as pest and up to 90% as vector. The aim of the research was to explore and identify the predatory insects found in vegetable plants around South Sumatera. The survey was carried out on chilies, tomatoes and cucumbers. Result showed that in South Sumatera, particularly in regions of Sukarami, Inderalaya, Tanjung Raja, Gelumbang, Kenten, and Talang Buruk it have been found twelve (12) species of predatory insects against A. gossypii, in which 10 species were from Coccinellidae family, and one species each were from Syrphidae and Chamaemyiidae families.. The twelve (12) species were Coccinella arcuata Fabricius, Coccinella repanda Thunberg, Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius), Coelophora maculata Thunberg, Coelophora pupillata Swartz, Verania lineata Thunberg, Verania discolor Fabricius, Chilocorus ruber Weise, Coelophora reniplagiata Mulsant, Chilocorus sp., Ischidion sp., and one unidentified species from Chamaemyiidae family. The most dominant species was M. sexmaculatus. The highest abudance of predators was found in chilies.
Studi Etnobotani Famili Zingiberaceae dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Lokal di Kecamatan Pangean Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, Riau Hartanto, Salpa; -, Fitmawati; Sofiyanti, Nery
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3105

Abstract

Kecamatan Pangean di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi memiliki sejarah yang lama dalam pemanfaatan berbagai jenis tumbuhan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, diantaranya sebagai bahan makanan, obat atau prosesi ritual. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperlihatkan peranan Zingiberaceae oleh Masyarakat di Kecamatan Pangean Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi dan untuk kajian botani, etnomedisin, etnoekonomi, etnofarmakologi, etnoekologi serta etnoantropologi. Pengumpulan data dihasilkan dengan menggunakan kuisioner terhadap Masyarakat yang mengetahui manfaat Zingiberaceae dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, spesimen famili Zingiberaceae dikumpulkan dari lapangan. Karakter morpologi dikoreksi untuk identifikasi spesimen. Total dari sebelas spesies yang ditemukan adalah Curcuma Domestica, Zingiber officinale, Kaemferia galanga, Alpinia galanga, Zingiber cassumunar, Curcuma xanthoriza, Zingiber argenteum, Costus spesiosus, Zingiber sp., Globba pendula dan Alpinia mutica. Secara umum, semua spesies ini berperawakan herba. Dokumentasi kajian etnomedisin yang menggunakan famili Zingiberaceae dengan tumbuhan obat lainnya untuk memperoleh dosis yang tepat. Kajian etnoekonomi memiliki nilai ekonomi yang rendah dari famili Zingiberaceae. Kajian etnoekologi menunjukkan bahwa famili Zingiberaceae lebih banyak dibudidayakan dalam penggunaannya daripada berasal dari hutan, sedangkan dalam bidang antropologi, masyarakat memanfaatkan famili ini untuk ritual tertentu. Famili ini juga memberikan efek farmakologi jika masyarakat tidak memiliki takaran dan penyajian yang tepat.Pangean District in Kuantan Singingi has long history in using variuos kinds of plant in their daily life, either for food, medicine or rituals. The study was aimed to reveal the role of Zingiberaceae by the society of Subdistrict of Pangean, District of Kuantan Singingi, Riau Province, and to study the botany, as well as the role of plants in ethnomedicine, ethnoeconomy, ethnopharmacology, ethnoecology and ethnoanthropology fields. Data collection was conducted by distributing quetionaires to people who know the use of Zingiberaceae in daily life, the Zingiberaceae specimens were collected from the field. Morphological characters were carefully examined for species identification. A total of eleven Zingiberaceae species were identified in this study i.e Curcuma Domestica, Zingiber officinale, Kaemferia galanga, Alpinia galanga, Zingiber cassumunar, Curcuma xanthoriza, Zingiber argenteum, Costus spesiosus, Zingiber sp., Globba pendula and Alpinia mutica. Generally, all of these species were herbaceous. Ethnomedicine study documented the use of Zingiberaceae with other medicinal plants to get accurate dosage. Ethnoeconomic study revealed the low economic value of Zingibeaceae. Ethnoecological study showed that the cultivated Zingiberace was more common used than wild species, while the study of ethnoanthropology showed that people used some Zingiberaceae for specific rituals. This family give farmacological effect if the people didnt use the correct dosage and preparation.
Pemanfataan Pupuk Daun, Air Kelapa dan Bubur Pisang sebagai Komponen Medium Pertumbuhan Plantlet Anggrek Dendrobium Kelemense Hasanah, Uhwatul; R, Enni Suwarsi; -, Sumadi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3784

Abstract

Bahan alternatif alami diperlukan untuk menggantikan bahan kimia yang mahal untuk kegiatan kultur jaringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh merk, konsentrasi pupuk daun, interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan plantlet anggrek Dendrobium dan menentukan konsentrasi yang paling optimal dalam menginduksi pertumbuhan plantlet. Percobaan dilakukan dengan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial yang terdiri dari dua perlakuan yaitu merk pupuk dan konsentrasi pupuk, masing-masing dengan tiga taraf perlakuan yaitu merk pupuk (growmore, hyponex, gandasil) dan konsentrasi (1 g/l, 2 g/l, 3 g/l). Pertumbuhan plantlet anggrek pada penelitian ini diukur berdasarkan parameter tinggi plantlet, jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah akar dan panjang akar. Data dianalisis dengan anava dua arah, bila signifikan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil anava menunjukkan merk pupuk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penambahan jumlah daun, luas daun dan jumlah akar, konsentrasi pupuk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penambahan tinggi plantlet dan panjang akar sedangkan interaksi merk pupuk dengan konsentrasi pupuk signifikan terhadap penambahan tinggi plantlet dan luas daun. Kombinasi perlakuan yang paling optimal yang menginduksi penambahan tinggi plantlet dan luas daun adalah pupuk hyponex dengan konsentrasi 2 g/l (5,40 cm dan 5,43 cm2). Untuk mendapatkan pertumbuhan plantlet paling tinggi dan luas daun paling optimal digunakan media pupuk hyponex dengan konsentrasi pupuk 2 g/l.Natural alternative materials needed to replace expensive chemicals for tissue culture activities. This study aimed to examine the influence of the brand, the concentration of foliar fertilizer, interaction on the growth of dendrobium orchid Dendrobium and determine the optimal concentration in inducing the growth of plantlets. Experiments were carried out with completely randomized factorial design consisting of two treatments, the brand of fertilizer and manure concentration, each with three levels, namely brand fertilizer treatments (Growmore, Hyponex, Gandasil) and concentration (1 g/l, 2 g /l, 3 g/l). Orchid plantlets growth in this study was measured by high parameter plantlets, number of leaves, leaf area, root number and root length. Data were analyzed by two-way ANAVA, if significant followed by Duncan test. Results of ANAVA showed a significant effect on the brand of fertilizer increase in the number of leaves, leaf area and number of roots, the concentration of fertilizer significantly influenced the high increase of plantlets and root length, while the interaction with the concentration of manure fertilizer brands significantly to the high increase of plantlets and leaf area. The most optimal combination of treatments that induce high addition of plantlets and leaf area was Hyponex fertilizer with a concentration of 2 g / l (5.40 cm and 5.43 cm2). To get the highest plantlet growth and optimal leaf area most used media Hyponex fertilizer with manure concentration of 2 g/l.
Analisis Kualitas Fisiko Kimia dan Kadar Logam Berat pada Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio L.) dan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus L.) di Perairan Kaligarang Semarang Kusuma Dewi, Nur; Prabowo, Rossi; Kariada Trimartuti, Nana
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3106

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kualitas fisiko kimia air sungai Kaligarang dan kandungan logam berat pada ikan mas dan ikan nila yang hidup di sungai tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen lapangan, menggunakan Karamba Jaring Apung. Parameter fisiko-kimia yang diukur adalah suhu, pH, DO, alkalinitas, kesadahan, kecerahan dan kecepatan arus serta kandungan logam berat di air sungai, menggunakan metode Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Kadar logam berat Cd, Pb dan Hg juga dianalisis pada ikan mas dan ikan nila Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu, pH, DO, alkalinitas, kesadahan, kecerahan dan kecepatan arus masih berada dalam kisaran yang layak bagi kehidupan ikan. Kadar Cd, Pb dan Hg di perairan masing-masing adalah sebesar 0,006 mg/L, 0,01 mg/L dan 0,0006 mg/L. Kadar Cd, Pb dan Hg pada hati ikan nila berturut-turut 0,000407 mg/kg, 0,000812 mg/kg dan 0,000575 mg/kg, sedangkan pada ikan mas 0,000307 mg/kg, 0,000269 mg/kg dan 0,000349 mg/kg. Kesimpulan; air sungai Kaligarang terkontaminasi logam berat Cd, Pb dan Hg dan ikan yang hidup di sungai tersebut telah mengakumulasikan ketiga logam berat tadi.The aim of this study is to determine the quality of water in Kaligarang based on the physicochemical characteristics and heavy metal content in carp and tilapia fish live in the river. This study is a field experiment, by using Karamba floating net; the fish were caught and maintained. The physicochemical parameters of the water measured were temperature, pH, oxygen, alkalinity, hardness and brightness, speed of the flow and content of heavy metals. The heavy metal content was measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Levels of heavy metals (Cd, Pb and Hg) were also analyzed in carp and tilapia. The results showed that temperature, pH, oxygen, alkalinity, hardness, brightness and speed of the flow were still within the appropriate range for the life of the fish. Levels of Cd, Pb and Hg in water were amounted to 0.006 mg/L, 0.01 mg/L and 0.0006 mg/L, respectively. Surprisingly, the levels of Cd, Pb and Hg in liver of tilapia were 0.000407 mg/kg, 0.000812 mg/kg and 0.000575 mg/kg, respectively, whereas in carp were 0.000307 mg/kg, 0.000269 mg/kg and 0.000349 mg/kg, respectively. It can be concluded that, Kaligarang River was contaminated with heavy metals Cd, Pb and Hg. This contamination leads to the accumulation of heavy metals in fish that live in the river.
Analisis Sebagian Sekuen Gen Ferritin2 pada Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Indragiri Hilir, Riau Nugraha, Fadel; Indriyani Roslim, Dewi; Putri Ardilla, Yolla; -, Herman
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3102

Abstract

Ion Fe bebas sangat beracun bagi tanaman, karena dapat membentuk radikal bebas di dalam sel. Walaupun demikian, tanaman memiliki mekanisme untuk mempertahankan homeostasis Fe di dalam sel yang melibatkan protein ferritin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan sekuen nukleotida gen ferritin2 dari dua genotipe padi lokal (Bakung dan Serei) dari Indragiri Hilir, Riau dengan varietas padi rawa unggul tahan cekaman kelebihan Fe (Siam Sintanur), padi unggul tidak tahan cekaman kelebihan Fe (IR64), dan data sekuen nukleotida kultivar Nipponbare. Metode penelitian meliputi isolasi DNA toal dari daun segar tanaman padi menggunakan metode CTAB dan amplifikasi DNA (PCR) menggunakan primer OsFer_F3 (forward) dan Gross_R (reverse). Produk PCR kemudian disekuensing dan disejajarkan. Pada penelitian ini telah diperoleh fragmen dari gen ferritin2 dari kelima genotype atau varietas padi yang diuji, yang berukuran sekitar 1200 pb. Analisis pensejajaran menunjukkan terdapat 56 SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) pada sekuen nukleotida gen ferritin2 tersebut. Bakung menunjukkan kedekatan yang tinggi dengan Nipponbare, diikuti dengan IR64, Siam Sintanur, dan Serei. Kemungkinan Bakung merupakan genotipe padi lokal dari Indragiri Hilir, Riau yang tahan cekaman kelebihan Fe.Free Fe ions are highly toxic to plants, because it can form free radicals in the cells. However, plants have mechanisms to maintain Fe homeostasis in the cells involving ferritin proteins. This study was aimed to analyze and to compare the nucleotide sequence of ferritin2 gene in two local rice genotypes (namely Bakung and Serei) from Indragiri Hilir, Riau and in Fe overload-tolerant rice variety (Siam Sintanur), Fe overload-sensitive rice variety (IR64), as well as the nucleotide sequence of Nipponbare rice cultivar. The research methods consisted of DNA isolation from fresh leaves of rice plants using CTAB method and DNA amplification (PCR) using a couple of primers, OsFer_F3 (forward) and Gross_R (reverse). The PCR products were then sequenced and aligned. DNA fragments of ferritin2 gene with length of approx. 1200 bp were obtained from those four rice varieties or genotypes tested. Alignment revealed 56 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) in the ferritin2 gene sequences. Bakung showed close distance with Nipponbare, followed by IR64, Siam Sintanur, and Serei. It wa suggested that Bakung was Fe overload-tolerant local rice genotype from Indragiri Hilir, Riau.
Studi Etnobotani Pengobatan Tradisional untuk Perawatan Wanita di Masyarakat Keraton Surakarta Hadiningrat Verary Shanthi, Rini; -, Jumari; Izzati, Munifatul
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1003.289 KB) | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3101

Abstract

Keraton Surakarta memiliki budaya pengobatan tradisional. Pengetahuan tentang tradisi tersebut tersimpan dalam naskah kuno. Seiring dengan kemajuan jaman dan perkembangan pengobatan modern, tradisi pegobatan tradisional mulai menurun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, untuk mengkaji etnobotani pengobatan tradisional untuk perawatan wanita di Keraton Surakarta. Kajian penelitian meliputi keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan obat komposisi dari ramuan tradisional dan mengkaji tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat Keraton Surakarta dalam penggunaan ramuan tradisional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Keraton Surakarta dan kelurahan Baluwarti. Pengumpulan data etnobotani dengan wawancara, studi litelatur, survey, dan kuisioner. Data keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan obat diperoleh dari kajian Serat Husada dan hasil wawancara dengan informan. Jenis ramuan tradisional, diulas mengenai komposisi bahan, organ tumbuhan, cara meramu, dan cara pemakaian. Data tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat diambil melalui kuisioner. Jumlah responden sebanyak 60 orang. Analisis data menggunakan Analysis of Variances (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukan 120 spesies tumbuhan obat dari 55 famili digunakan untuk ramuan tradisional. Terdapat 61 jenis ramuan yang digunakan untuk 17 macam perawatan wanita. Hasil kuisioner menunjukkan kecenderungan menurunya tingkat pengetahuan dan penggunaan ramuan tradisional oleh wanita usia muda. Hal ini karena pengaruh kemajuan jaman dan perkembangan pengobatan modern.Surakarta Palace develops its own traditional medication culture. The knowledge of the tradition is well-preserved in ancient manuscripts. In line with the modern medicine development, the practice of traditional medical treatment has declined. And therefore the aim of the current study was to evaluate the traditional medical treatment for women in Surakarta Royal Palace. The purpose of the study was to examine the diversity of medicinal plant, the composition of traditional ingredients, and the knowledge level of members of Surakarta Royal Palace. The study was conducted in Surakarta Royal Palace and Baluwarti Village. Ethnobotanical data were collected through interview, literature study, survey and questionnaire. Data of the medicinal plant diversity were accumululated from the study of Serat Husada and from interviews with the informants. The traditional ingredients were reviewed in terms of the composition, the plant organs to be used, how to mix the materials, and how to consume them. Data of the level of public knowledge were taken through questionnaire. There were 60 respondents of the study. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Research revealed that 120 species of medicinal plants from 55 families were utilized as traditional medicine. As many as 61 medicinal plants were used in 17 types of women treatment. The study also suggested that the knowledge level and the utilization of traditional medicine were decreasing among young women. It was concluded that the modernization of medicinal world has been the main cause of this decrease.

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