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INDONESIA
TEKNIK
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 08521697     EISSN : 24609919     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
Journal yang mempublikasikan artikel-artikel ilmiah dari berbagai disiplin ilmu rekayasa/keteknikan. Artikel-artikel yang dipublikasikan di Jurnal TEKNIK meliputi hasil-hasil penelitian ilmiah asli (prioritas utama), artikel ulasan ilmiah yang bersifat baru (tidak prioritas), atau komentar atau kritik terhadap tulisan ilmiah yang dipublikasikan oleh Jurnal TEKNIK.
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023" : 10 Documents clear
Peningkatan Identifikasi Kanker Kulit Actinic Keratosis Menggunakan Kombinasi Sistem Ekstraksi dengan Klasifikasi Support Vector Machine Leonardus Sandy Ade Putra; Vincentius Abdi Gunawan; Agus Sehatman Saragih
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.44895

Abstract

Nowadays, humans tend to carry out activities during the day, both indoors and outdoors. Activities carried out outdoors cause human skin to often receive direct exposure to sunlight, which contains ultraviolet (UV) rays. Direct exposure to UV rays on the skin will harm the skin's health, which is the covering of the human body. Harmful effects on the skin usually include the skin becoming dark and dull, burns, and even causes cancer. One of the skin cancers that may appear on human skin is Actinic Keratosis (AK) cancer. AK cancer is a type of cancer that is classified as benign and can be cured with medical help. However, if this cancer is not caught early, it can become Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), a type of malignant cancer. This research aims to design a system for identifying AK cancer types using color and texture feature extraction. RGB color feature extraction is obtained from image color segmentation and RGB values. The Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) method is used to determine the texture of the skin cancer. Identification is carried out by a classification process using a Support Vector Machine (SVM), which can recognize the type of AK cancer. This research uses three classification methods: classification with color extraction, classification with texture extraction, and classification with color and texture extraction. Research shows that the highest level of accuracy in cancer recognition reaches 96% by combining color and texture extraction results as classification determinants. So, the system designed has succeeded in recognizing the type of AK cancer early on..
Mg-0.5Ca-4Zn-xCaCO3 (x=8, 10) Alloy Foams with Closed-Pore Structure Synthesized by Powder Metallurgy Process for Implant Applications Aprilia Erryani; Franciska Pramuji Lestari; Joko Triwardono; Bunga Rani Elvira; Bintoro Siswayanti; Albertus Deny Hadi Setiawan
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.49587

Abstract

This work aims to synthesize Mg-0.5Ca-4Zn alloy foams using a CaCO3 foaming agent and a powder metallurgy (PM) process. Mg-0.5Ca-4Zn-xCaCO3 (x=8, 10 wt.%) alloy precursors were prepared by mixing Mg, Ca, and Zn metal powders with CaCO3 granules, compacting, and then sintering at various temperatures (i.e., 650, 675, and 700 °C) for 5 hours in an argon atmosphere. The pore morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the phase formation was analyzed using X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The density and porosity were evaluated using an Archimedes test (ASTM B311-93). The compressive strength was examined using a universal testing machine (UTM) with a constant crosshead speed of 1.3 mm/min (ASTM D695-02). SEM observation reveals the formation of pores with a closed-cell type structure in all alloy compositions. Increasing either the CaCO3 content or sintering temperature results in an increase in porosity and pore sizes but a decrease in compressive strength. The maximum porosity of 43.208% was obtained in the alloy foam with 10 wt.% CaCO3 sintered at 700 °C; the foam exhibits a compressive strength of 52.9 MPa, close to cancellous bone.
Analisis Kestabilan Lereng untuk Evaluasi Geometri Lereng Menggunakan Metode RMR, SMR, dan Morgenstern-Price pada Pit C2 dan C4 Tambang Timah Terbuka Blok Mayang PT Menara Cipta Mulia, Kabupaten Belitung Timur, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Zulfa Nindya Salsabila; Thomas Triadi Putranto; Najib Najib
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.57004

Abstract

Tin mining activities using an open pit mining system can affect slope stability and increase landslide risk. Slope stability analysis needs to be done to minimize the occurrence of landslides. This study aimed to determine engineering geological settings, and rock mass conditions, find slope safety factor values, as well as provide slope geometry recommendations according to the minimum Safety Factor (SF)  value criteria ≥1,25. The research area is an area with complex materials, so in this study slope stability analysis was carried out by combining rock mass classification methods through Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Slope Mass Rating (SMR), and calculating the value of the Safety Factor (SF) using the Morgenstern-Price method with the Generalized Hoek-Brown and Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria. The analysis results obtained three geological engineering zones: meta sandstone- meta claystone, silty sandstone, and sandy claystone. The condition of the rock mass according to the RMR value, is in the moderate to good class. It has an SMR value of partially stable stability. Areas with the potential for landslides, namely STA 2 on sections B-B' with toppling type, STA 3 on sections C-C' and STA 4 on sections D-D'  with wedge type. According to the SF value, there are two unstable slopes during partially saturated conditions: sections A-A' and B-B'. The recommended slope geometry is with a minimum width of 2/3 of the height, where in partially saturated conditions, the slope has a single angle of  35 - 400, 5 m high, with an overall slope angle of 320 and 16 m high. In dry conditions, a single slope angle of 550, 6 m high with all slope angles of 370 and 15 m high.
Produksi dan Karakterisasi Material Komposit Peredam Suara Berbahan Serat Alam dengan Metode Sintetik Hand Lay-Up Rifnaldi Sadik; Rizka Amalia
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.52931

Abstract

Noise pollution is a loud sound emitted by a device that can disturb the environment and living things. Therefore, development is needed to manufacture sound absorbers with aesthetic value and comfort and still have good sound absorption from natural fiber composite materials. Composites are materials that can be developed universally. Composites are formed from the combination of two or more materials, producing a new material with different mechanical properties and characteristics from its constituent materials. This research aims to make sound absorption composites from various natural fibers (honey pineapple leaf fiber, spiked pandanus leaf fiber, and jute waste fiber) and matrix variations (epoxy and polyester) with a fiber = resin ratio of 40%: 60% and 60%: 40%. The first treatment was alkalization with 5% NaOH for fiber retrieval, then mixing natural fibers and matrix variations with the Hand Lay-Up method. The transmission loss method, density test, and SEM carried out the sound absorption test. The results showed that the best sound-absorbing composite was the spiked pandanus leaf fiber with polyester resin with a ratio of 60% fiber = resin: 40%, where the transmission loss results reached 28 dB. This is because the fiber dominates the resin to form a hole or porosity; increasing porosity affects the sound absorption ability of a material.
Analisis Infrastruktur Pendukung Angkutan Umum Regional Berbasis Karakteristik Daerah terhadap Efektifitas dan Efisiensi Angkutan Umum (Studi Kasus: Trans Jateng Koridor 1 Semarang-Bawen) Ismiyati Ismiyati; Nuriyana Wahida Azka; Bambang Riyanto; Kami Hari Basuki
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.55801

Abstract

Congestion is a problem that affects many big cities in Indonesia, including Semarang City and Semarang Regency. Congestion is a result of the increasing population of Semarang City and Semarang Regency. Congestion increases in line with the development of business activities, housing, and offices, as well as the growth in motor vehicle use. Various ways attempted to overcome this. This includes sustainable mass transportation. Sustainable mass transportation has great potential in reducing congestion in big cities. An example of its application is Trans Central Java. It is used as mass transportation in Central Java Province, including the Semarang – Bawen route. On this route itself, traffic jams often occur, due to the high level of private vehicle use. Improving services and mass transportation infrastructure facilities, it is hoped that it will attract people's interest in moving to use mass transportation. This study aims to identify the supporting infrastructure for Trans Jateng Corridor 1 and analyze its influence on the effectiveness and efficiency of regional public transport. The method used in this study is computer simulation if the infrastructure is developed to be environmentally friendly based on regional characteristics and private vehicle users switch to regional public transportation Trans Jateng Corridor 1. The simulation results show that the movement of private vehicle users by 50%, 60%, and 70 % will affect the effectiveness and efficiency of Trans Jateng regional public transport services by 44% and reduce the level of congestion with an average indication of the Degree of Saturation (DS) of 0.37. The conclusion drawn is that integrated infrastructure based on regional characteristics will increase the effectiveness and efficiency of Trans Jateng regional public transport services. The recommendation from this study is that to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of regional public transport services, it is necessary to develop integrated infrastructure based on regional characteristics.
Analisis Cacat Pengecoran, Kekuatan Tarik, dan Kekerasan Logam Paduan AlSi Hasil Pengecoran Metode Sand Casting dengan Variasi Pengikat Lempung Lokal Bangkalan Imam Muhtarom; Dwi Rahdiyanta
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.42147

Abstract

This study aims to determine the casting defects, tensile strength, and hardness of the AlSi alloy obtained in the Sand Casting method with Bangkalan local clay as a binder. This experimental research uses the one-shot case study method in which a group of samples is given treatment. Furthermore, the research results were analyzed and described descriptively. This study uses three independent variables and three dependent variables. The independent variable is the local Bangkalan clay binder with varying percentages of 6%, 9%, and 12%, while the dependent variable is casting defects, tensile strength, and metal hardness. The research results show that the lowest casting defects are obtained on the AlSi metal surface, with a variation in the percentage of the binder of 12% with a total of 76 hole defects and 80-grain structure defects. At the same time, the highest tensile strength value is obtained in AlSi metal with a binder variation of 12% with a value of 11.188 kgf/mm². The highest hardness value is also obtained in AlSi metal, with a binder variation of 12% with a value of 131.9 HV. This study concludes that using local Bangkalan clay binder in 12% is the best sand mold binder variation compared to 6% and 9% binder variations.
Analisis Pengaruh Posisi Side hull terhadap Karakteristik Rolling Motion dengan Metode Trochoidal Curve pada Kapal Trimaran Wilma Amiruddin; Hartono Yudo
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.55135

Abstract

Modifying a fishing boat into a trimaran will expand the ship's deck. In this modification process, the position of the side hull will influence the rolling motion characteristics of the ship. The objective of this study is to see the probability of synchronism. Synchronism is a situation that can cause a large forced oscillation. Two ship models are analyzed, the ship model 1 (12 x 10) and the ship model 2 (10 x 12). The analysis was carried out based on hydrostatic calculations using Delftship and energy changes with the Trochoidal Curve theory approach. The analysis results show that all models have a high probability of synchronization conditions. The position of the side hull does not significantly affect the model for fixed displacement. Ship model 1 has a period (T) of 2.4 s, and ship model 2 has a  period (T) of 2 s. This value is relatively low compared to the value of the rolling period of the monohull, where the period (T) is  6 s and the minimum limit for fishing vessels (T) is 5.5 s. This change produces a significant rolling motion transverse.
Peningkatan Akurasi Konsentrasi Pemberian Pupuk Pada Sistem Hidroponik Menggunakan Programmable Logic Controller Ali Sadiyoko; Kevin Adi Perdana; Christian Fredy Naa
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.53301

Abstract

Hydroponics is a farming method using water as a medium for storing nutrients (fertilizer/nutrients). Therefore, the concentration of dissolved fertilizers in the water is crucial for plant growth. The method of measuring dissolved fertilizers in hydroponic systems is usually done by measuring the value of the EC and Total Dissolved Solids of the solution. However, because the EC and TDS measurement processes are not carried out continuously, this can result in plant growth being disrupted. In this study, an automatic fertilizer concentration control system was designed based on EC values that can be monitored continuously. The fertilizer concentration control process will be carried out automatically using a PLC, which is equipped with a TDS sensor and several pumps. EC value measurements are carried out indirectly using a TDS sensor. Testing of the design system was carried out for 8 days, during which time the design of this system managed to maintain EC values between 0.844 mS/cm to 1.051 mS/cm. The standard EC value required by lettuce plants is 0.8 mS/cm ~ 1.2 mS/cm. This shows that this system is more accurate than the reference system, which is able to maintain EC values between 0.8 mS/cm to 1.2 mS/cm.
Reka Bentuk Alat Angkut Ergonomis Tanaman Hortikultura untuk Menurunkan Sindrom Musculoskeletal Resalfa Amelza Wibowo; Hartomo Soewardi
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.50281

Abstract

Horticulture is the activity of cultivating garden plants in the form of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants. This cultivation is carried out starting from nurseries to mass distribution. Conveyance is one of the plant transference equipment in order to support the process. Based on the preliminary study, the transference of plants is still done manually by lifting one by one box weighing 9-10 kg with a limited capacity. This condition affects ineffectiveness and discomfort work process, namely pain in the right shoulder (29%), left upper arm and right upper arm (71%), left forearm and right forearm (100%), right wrist (57%), and right hand (43%). Thus, it is important to modify the conveyance to make it more ergonomic. Redesigning the conveyance using ergonomic principles is the purpose of the research. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method is used to determine the design specifications of the proposed device to suit the user’s needs. The survey was used to identify attributes of design required by the users. Statistical analysis was done to test a hypothesis. Result of this study shows that the conveyance design developed is valid to suit the user’s need at a significance level of 5%, namely comfortable, easy to use, strong, and effective. The redesigned conveyance can reduce the risk of musculoskeletal syndrome by 60% from high risk to low risk. Thus, the developed design is more comfortable and more effective in use.
Studi Eksperimental Penggunaan Bahan Tambah Limbah Ban Karet dengan Metode Pencampuran Bertahap terhadap Kinerja Campuran Hot Rolled Sheet-Wearing Course Iqbal Iqbal; Miftahul Fauziah
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Pavement conditions in Indonesia often do not reach their design life during the service period. This may cause damage. There is a need for a pavement mixture that has good bearing capacity and durability, is not sensitive to weather, and is safe for the environment. This study aims to analyze the performance of the Hot Rolled Sheet-Wearing Course (HRS-WC) mixture with the addition of rubber tire waste and the influence of the mixing method. This study carried out several measurement stages in the laboratory. These include testing the physical properties of aggregates, determining the optimum bitument content value, and carrying out tests to measure several characteristics, namely Marshall, Index Retained Strength (IRS), Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), Tensile Strength Ratio Test (TSR), Cantabro Loss (CL), and Asphalt Flow Down (AFD) with added levels of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% rubber tire powder. The research results showed that the HRS-WC mixture with the addition of rubber tire powder was able to improve the Marshall characteristics in terms of their volumetric properties. Meanwhile, in terms of mechanical properties, the addition of 2% rubber tire powder can improve stability and performance. ITS characteristics, with the addition of 2% and 4% rubber tire powder, were able to improve the performance of the mixture, whereas the TSR characteristics were only added at 2%. The characteristics of IRS, CL, and AFD with the addition of rubber tire powder can improve the performance of the mixture. The use of a gradual mixing method produces better performance compared to conventional mixing methods.

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