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Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 25277332     EISSN : 26140020     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research (PCPR) is an international, peer-reviewed journal, publishing original research, review, case reports, and commentaries on all aspects of pharmacology and clinical pharmacy. The journal aims to contribute to the scientific committee by publishing the high quality articles. It is published 3 times a year to provide a forum for pharmacologists, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking, and a more collaborative approach in pharmacology and clinical pharmacy.
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 5, No 3 (2020)" : 5 Documents clear
Estimating Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Disease Risk of 10-year with the Systemic Coronary Risk Estimation Method and Statin Use Recommendation Nurmainah - Nurmainah; Syarifah N.Y.R.S Asseggaf
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 5, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v5i3.26599

Abstract

Stroke and heart disease belong to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), which is one of the death causes in Indonesia. This study aimed to estimate the risk of atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease in the next 10 years using the Systemic Coronary Risk Estimation (SCORE) method. This research was an observational study with descriptive cross-sectional study design. Respondent data collection was taken prospectively which means directs data was collected through interviews, blood pressure measurement, and peripheral blood sampling. The results showed that respondents who were involved in this study were those with an average age of 49.70 ± 7.1 years. Respondents were more dominated by women (76.1%); BMI of respondents showed in the non-obese group 27.14 ± 4.6 kg/m2; total cholesterol, LDL, TG, and HDL levels respectively had an average of 152.17 ± 39.5 mg/dL; 91.28 ± 40.9 mg/dL; 117.24 ± 96.9 mg/dL; and 30.87 ± 8.8. The number of respondents who smoke was 17.39% and that of those who have undergone physical activity in the form of sports was 60.87%. Based on the results of risk estimation using the SCORE method, it was found that the number of people who were in the low-risk category was 54.35% and the moderate risk category was 45.65%. This study concludes that the risk of ASCVD for the next 10 years in the community is at low and moderate levels. Non-pharmacological treatment is more recommended at this level and statins can be given to individuals if there is no improvement in cholesterol levels.
Anti-malarial Drugs as Potential Inhibitors of Leishmania Glycolytic Enzymes: Development of New Anti-leishmanial Agents Bashir A. Yousef; Tanzeel H. Elwaseela; Tagwa A. Ali; Fatima E. Mohammed; Wala O. Mohammed; Majdi Alobaid; Amina I. Dirar
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 5, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v5i3.29380

Abstract

Leishmaniasis is one of the most important endemic diseases in Sudan. The glycolytic pathway is one of the essential pathways in the survival and pathogenicity of the leishmania parasite. This study aimed to evaluate the antileishmanial activities of three antimalarial drugs through targeting the glycolytic pathway of the parasite. Anti-leishmanial activities of artesunate, quinine and mefloquine were evaluated using an in vitro anti-promastigote assay. Then, in silico molecular docking was conducted using Autodock 4.0 software to study the molecular interactions of antimalarial drugs to different key glycolytic enzymes. The results of the current study, Artesunate, quinine, and mefloquine showed effective inhibitory activities against L. donovani with IC50 values of 58.85, 40.24, and 20.06 μg/ml, respectively. Molecular docking analysis revealed interesting interactions between different antimalarial drugs and various glycolytic enzymes (Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, Triosephosphate isomerase, Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and Pyruvate kinase). Moreover, these drugs interact with different amino acid residues of the proteins with satisfactory binding energies, particularly with artesunate. According to binding energies, Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was represented the most potential target for three tested drugs. Collectively, our results showed promising antileishmanial activities of different antimalarial that may mediated through inhibition of glycolysis process in leishmania donovani promastigote.
Antibiotics in Prevention and Treatment of Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Organisms causing Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Saranya K. Lakshmi; Hema N. Gowda; Anuradha Kundapur
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 5, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v5i3.29230

Abstract

Antibiotics play a vital role in prevention and treatment of various infections. But inappropriate antibiotic choice could lead to emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) among microorganisms. Since, the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of organisms could vary from place to place; forming a local prophylaxis and treatment protocol could hugely reduce this global burden. The primary objectives of the study were to observe the frequency of multi-drug resistant organisms causing Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) and to study the pattern of antibiotic usage for the prophylaxis and treatment of SSIs. A descriptive study was carried out in general surgical wards of KR hospital, Mysore for a period of 18 months (2015-2016). The relevant data was collected from the case sheets of patients who were diagnosed with SSI. Pus samples were collected, and culture-sensitivity was done. Collected data were analyzed using relevant statistical tests. A total of 263 study subjects including both males and females were enrolled in the study. Cefotaxime was the most common antibiotic used for pre-surgical prophylaxis (n=221). Out of 263 pus samples 92% were culture positive. The most common organisms causing SSI were E-coli-ESBL (n=73) and MRSA (n=44). About 95% of organisms showed multi-drug resistance. Imipenem, Gentamicin, Piperacillin-Tazobactum and Linezolid were the most common antibiotics used in the treatment of SSIs. The result of the study is alarming. Overall, there is great rise in the prevalence of MDR organisms causing SSIs. The hospital antibiotic policy should be revised in such a way to decrease the emergence of MDR microbes.
Medication Adherence to Successful Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome among TB/HIV Patient at Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital Yusmaniar Yusmaniar; Adin H Kurniawan
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 5, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v5i3.29166

Abstract

Tuberculosis/Human Immunodeficiency Virus (TB/HIV) co-infection has poorer treatment outcome compared to non-co-infected patients. To benefit from therapy and to avoid contracting treatment-resistant strains, the individuals must adherent to medications. There is limited information regarding successful TB treatment outcomes and their associated factors. Thus, the study was designed to identify medication adherence associated with treatment outcomes among TB/HIV Patients at Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital. This research was an observational study with retrospective approach from January 2015 to December 2017 by taking data from medical records and TB-01 form of TB/HIV patients in the outpatient clinic of the disease which would be used as a sample. Regarding compliance in treatment with first visit for 2-4 months, an approach using secondary data which were TB-01 Form, as well as HIV Care and Antiretroviral Therapy summary forms was used. The statistical analysis used was the bivariate analysis with the chi-square test as the statistical test. A total of 114 patients were included in the study. The outcome of treatment success obtained from this study had a patient cure rate of 91.30%. There is a significant relationship between medication adherence to successful tuberculosis treatment outcome with p-value= 0.012; OR= 5.684. There is a meaningful relation between medication compliance with treatment outcome. It is when on medication adherence, the treatment results can be declared cured in accordance with predetermined criteria, while when not on medication adherence, the treatment results are not declared cured.
Effect of COVID-19 on the Treatment of Infections by Community Pharmacists in Nigeria Edidiong Orok; Success David; Chiemezie Ibegwam
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 5, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v5i3.29262

Abstract

COVID-19 has had tremendous effects on different aspects of health care. Patients have been one of the most affected since the pandemic has limited their access to healthcare everywhere in the world including Nigeria. Reduced access to healthcare services in hospitals has caused an increase in the number of patient visits to the community pharmacies. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the treatment of infections by community pharmacists. This study was a prospective cross-sectional study that was carried out among community pharmacists working in community pharmacies in Ibadan, Oyo state and Uyo, Akwa Ibom state due to the recent rise in COVID-19 cases from July until August 2020. Data was collected through a pre-tested online questionnaire which was sent to the pharmacists upon provision of consent after the purpose of the study was explained. A total of one hundred and twenty two pharmacists consented to participate in this study out of which 65 (53.3%) were female. Malaria (81, 66.4%), respiratory tract infections (40, 32.8%) and sexually transmitted infections (1, 0.8%) were identified as infections with the highest frequency by the community pharmacists, while more than 96% (118) pharmacists reported that COVID-19 has affected the way they manage or treat other infections seen in their pharmacy. This study shows that the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the way community pharmacists treat other infections in the community pharmacy setting. More studies are needed to explore the specific nature of this effect on specific infections. 

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