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Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 25277332     EISSN : 26140020     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research (PCPR) is an international, peer-reviewed journal, publishing original research, review, case reports, and commentaries on all aspects of pharmacology and clinical pharmacy. The journal aims to contribute to the scientific committee by publishing the high quality articles. It is published 3 times a year to provide a forum for pharmacologists, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking, and a more collaborative approach in pharmacology and clinical pharmacy.
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Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 1 (2021)" : 5 Documents clear
Carbapenems: A literature Review regarding Resistance, Risk Factors, and Mortality in Pneumonia Tania R. Amalia; Eli Halimah; Riyadi Adrizain; Miski A. Khairinisa
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 6, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v6i1.32282

Abstract

Carbapenem is one of antibiotic to treat respiratory infections such as pneumonia that frequently used in tertiary care facilities and started to create resistances. This study aims to review the resistance of carbapenems, assess the risk factors for resistance that leads to mortality, and the more effective antibiotic treatment options to overcome the resistance. Assessment of the use of carbapenems in pneumonia through previous studies were carried out by searching the articles in search engine databases in 2011 to 2021. Articles reporting carbapenems resistance, risk factors, and mortality were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of 14 articles included in inclusion criteria, 4 studies reported the occurrence of resistance to gram-negative bacteria such as Acinetobacter aumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 10 articles reported risk factors and mortality. The risk factors for carbapenems resistance are the history of carbapenems use, duration of hospitalization, use of mechanical ventilation, high Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) scores, and high Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE). Carbapenems resistance causes mortality such as septic shock, high Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, and elevated risk at > 60 years of age, female sex, and inappropriate choice of antibiotics. The results showed that imipenem has higher resistance than other carbapenems members, the risk factors for carbapenems resistance are dominated by a history of carbapenems use, mortality caused by high score SOFA, and colistin can be the current choice to overcome carbapenems resistance.
A Randomized, Prospective Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Omega-3 Fatty Acids as Additional Therapy to Methotrexate versus Methotrexate Monotherapy in the Management of Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis Ankita Bedwal; Kavitha Rajarathna; Revathi T.N.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 6, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v6i1.30836

Abstract

Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, hyperproliferative, immune-mediated skin disorder, having a prevalence of 0.44-2.8% in India. Methotrexate is a widely used systemic regimen for moderate to severe psoriasis. Supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids has decreased the severity of the disease in some studies. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of omega-3 fatty acids as an add-on to methotrexate versus methotrexate monotherapy in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. A total of 40 patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis were recruited in the study and randomized into two groups of 20 patients each. Group O received omega-3 fatty acids as add-on to methotrexate and Group M received methotrexate monotherapy. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Physician’s Global Assessment (PGA) were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks of treatment. The adverse events were assessed throughout the study period. There was a significant decrease in PASI and DLQI scores from baseline to end of 12 weeks in both groups (p<0.001) but the difference between the two groups was not significant (p>0.05). A higher number of patients had a PGA score of 0 or 1 at the end of 12 weeks in Group O (60%) as compared to Group M (40%) but the difference between the groups was not significant (p=0.34). The treatment was well tolerated in both the groups, with most common adverse events being nausea, diarrhea and epigastric pain. This study showed that the treatment in both the groups was equally effective in decreasing the severity of psoriasis and was well tolerated.
An Intensive Monitoring of Adverse Drug Reactions in Indoor Patients of Paediatric Department at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Gujarat, India. Kandarp Patel; Kuntal Thacker; Neeta Kanani; Vimesh Mistry
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 6, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v6i1.30769

Abstract

they differ from adults in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics responses. ADRs reported in adults do not predict those in children. Thus, this study aimed to intensively monitor ADRs occurred in inpatients of paediatric department of tertiary care teaching hospital to assess the same in terms of incidence, causality, severity and preventability. A prospective observational single centre study was done in the paediatric department of SSG hospital, Vadodara over duration of 8 months. The ADRs were actively monitored and collected reports were analysed for ADR pattern, demographic profile, causality, severity, and preventability. A total of 66 ADRs were documented during the period of 8 months. Among these 53.03% ADRs occurred below the age of 1 year, 89.13% ADRs occurred due to antibiotics, 56.06% ADRs are of Diarrhoea and vomiting and 80.43% ADRs developed after receiving drug intravenously. As per WHO-UMC criteria, 46.96 % ADRs were of probable while 51.51% ADRs were of possible causality while as per Naranjo scale 60.61% ADRs were of probable and 39.39% ADRs were of possible category. As per severity scale 69.70% reactions were mild and 30.30 % reactions were moderate. Probably preventable ADRs were about 57.58%. ADRs occurred more among infants and antibiotics were more commonly implicated. Most of the reactions were of mild severity and were probably preventable. Certain Precautionary measures can lead to significant prevention of ADRs in paediatric patients.
Inventory Control of Drugs Listed in Private Health Insurance at Pharmacies in South Tangerang using ABC Analysis Andriyani R. Fahriati; Dwi S. Suryatiningrum; Tanti J. Saragih
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 6, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v6i1.31541

Abstract

Inventory control in pharmacies must be appropriately and effectively maintained to promote continuous drug affordability and availability in the community within the healthcare delivery system. Initially, effective drug planning and procurement are essential to attain proper drug selection, quantification, and procurement based on the consumption pattern with good economic impact and clinical value. Therefore, the ABC analysis method is suggested to be implemented to optimize efficient budget and effective drug planning. This study aimed to investigate the planning and procurement process of drug listed in private health insurance using the ABC analysis method in the pharmacies X and Y. This study was non-experimental study with descriptive analysis utilizing qualitative and quantitative data. Drug enlisted in the private insurance data in 2019 were taken retrospectively. Based on the ABC analysis results, in pharmacy store X, drug listed in group A showed 83 items with the highest investment value of 86.38%, group B showed 102 items with 15.61%, and group C showed 129 items with the lowest investment value of 4.79%. Meanwhile, in pharmacy Y, drug listed in group A showed 87 items with the highest investment value of 89.62%, group B showed 100 items with 7.62%, and group C showed 134 items with the lowest investment value of 2.76%. Using the ABC analysis to manage the drug inventory system could assist pharmacy store X and Y in planning the procurement of drug listed in the private healthcare insurance effectively. Also, taking into account the values of consumption and investment are obtained efficiently.
Antibacterial Activities of Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa Blume) Fruit Extracts Against Clinical Isolates of Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae Tiana Milanda; Melisa I. Barliana; Rosidah Rosidah; Arif S.W Kusuma
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 6, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v6i1.31992

Abstract

Medinilla speciosa (M. speciosa) Blume is a plant originating from Mount Muria, Kudus District, Central Java, Indonesia. Its fruit has been used by the local community to treat mouth sores, diarrhea, inflammatory, hyperlipidemia, cancer, bacterial infection and nutrients for pregnant women. However, the antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) and Shigella dysentriae (S. dysentriae) is yet unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial activities of M. speciosa fruit extracts against clinical strain of S. typhi and S. dysentriae. Plant determination and sample preparation were conducted. The fruits of M. speciosa were extracted by gradual maseration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol as solvents. Phytochemicals were screened by Fransworth method. Antibacterial activity was determined using agar well diffusion. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values and comparison study of antibacterial activity were determined. The results showed that all of the extracts exhibited antibacterial activities, with the greatest activity  shown by the methanol extract. This extract was more effective against S. dysenteriae  than S. typhi, as evidenced by the largest inhibition diameter and lowest MIC (25 mg/mL) and MBC (50 mg/mL) values. With regard to the results of phytochemical screening, the antibacterial activity of methanol extract could be due to the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, quinones, saponins and tannins. From the comparative antibacterial activity value indicated that in order to give the same inhibition diameter with 1 ppm of chloramphenicol, 312.3 ppm methanol extract is needed. It can be conclude that M. speciosa fruit has a potential to be developed as natural antibacterial agent, especially to treat bacillary dysentery

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