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INDONESIA
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia
ISSN : 08537704     EISSN : 26203162     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia (JRI) is an online and printed scientific publication of the Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR). The journal is published thrice-monthly within a year (January, April, July and October). The journal is focused to present original article, article review, and case report in pulmonary and critical care medicine.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 46 No 1 (2026)" : 7 Documents clear
The Effectiveness Comparison of Salmeterol/Fluticasone Propionate and Formoterol Fumarate/Budesonide on Level of Asthma Control in Moderate Persistent Asthma Resti, Riska; Tarigan, Amira Permatasari; Pradana, Andika; Wahyuni, Arlinda Sari
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 46 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/jri.v46i1.851

Abstract

Background: Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory disease, affecting approximately 1–18% of the population worldwide. Despite its high prevalence, a substantial proportion of patients have partially controlled asthma, and limited data on the level of asthma control remain a significant concern. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate and formoterol fumarate/budesonide in achieving asthma control levels according to the ACQ-GINA criteria. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using 61 medical records from January 2017 to December 2019. Patients with moderate persistent asthma received either salmeterol/fluticasone propionate or formoterol fumarate/budesonide for at least three months. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test. Results: A total of 61 patients were included. Most patients had partially controlled asthma (70.5%), followed by well-controlled (19.7%) and uncontrolled asthma (9.8%). No statistically significant difference in asthma control was observed between the two treatment groups (P=0.057). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this retrospective cohort study, no statistically significant difference in asthma control was observed between salmeterol/fluticasone propionate and formoterol fumarate/budesonide.
Associations of Air Pollutants in East Jakarta with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Hospitalization Rates in Persahabatan Hospital in 2023 Setianingtyas, Astri Ayu; Susanto, Agus Dwi; Agustin, Heidy
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 46 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/jri.v46i1.1020

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is an acute inflammation of the lung parenchyma with a prevalence of 2% in Indonesia. Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) include host factors, pathogens, and environmental factors such as air pollution. According to various international studies, several air pollution parameters have been linked to CAP, including particulate matter (PM), particularly PM10 and PM2.5, sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). This study aimed to assess the relationship between air pollutant levels and CAP hospitalization rates at Persahabatan Hospital in 2023. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Persahabatan Hospital, involving all adult patients diagnosed with CAP who were hospitalized during 2023. Subjects were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Air pollutant data were obtained from the official website of the Department of Environment, DKI Jakarta. Statistical analysis included Pearson or Spearman correlation tests, followed by multiple linear regression. Results: A total of 729 subjects met the inclusion criteria. Most patients were over 56 years old (61.3%), had more than one comorbidity (73%), had a high pneumonia severity index (PSI) score between 91 and 130 (46.1%), and were unemployed (55.3%). The highest number of CAP hospitalizations occurred in October (88 patients, 12%), coinciding with the highest recorded PM2.5 level (API=125, unhealthy category) and O3 level (API=28.4, good category) a month before in September. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between PM2.5 levels 7 days prior to admission (b=0.732; P<0.001), alongside a negative relation from the mean of O3 level during the admission month (b= -1.601; P=0.009) with the number of CAP hospitalizations. Conclusion: Average PM2.5 levels measured 7 days prior to hospitalization have a significant positive association with the number of CAP admissions, alongside a negative relation of average O₃ levels during the month of hospitalization, at Persahabatan Hospital in 2023.
The Impact of Medication Adherence on Total Treatment Costs in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Jessica Nathania; Santi Purna Sari; Yovita Diane Titiesari
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 46 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/6m9stq47

Abstract

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death globally and ranks second in cancer incidence in Indonesia. Targeted therapies such as EGFR-TKIs and ALK inhibitors are recommended for advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but may be limited by high cost. This study aimed to assess the relationship between medication adherence—measured by the Mean Proportion Ratio (MPR)—and total treatment costs and its association with patient-specific factors. Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study used secondary data from NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKIs or ALK inhibitors at a Cancer Center in Jakarta, Indonesia (January 2023-March 2025). Eighty-six eligible patients (aged≥18 years) were diagnosed with NSCLC confirmed through immunohistochemistry (EGFR or ALK positive). MPR measured adherence; data were analysed using Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square tests (SPSS v23, P<0.05). Results: Among NSCLC patients, 89.53% exhibited a high level of treatment adherence, with an MPR score ≥0.8. Most patients were female (62.8%), under 60 years old (51.2%), in stage IV (74%), with EGFR exon 19 mutation (51%). Osimertinib (29.1%) and Afatinib (24.4%) were the most used therapies. Most patients reported no serious side effects (57%), received caregiver support (59%), and used national health insurance (59.3%). There was no significant association between adherence and treatment cost (p=0.955) nor patient-related factors. Conclusion: Approximately 9 out of 10 NSCLC patients adhere to treatment with EGFR-TKIs or ALK inhibitors. High levels of adherence did not significantly increase additional medical expenses that would raise the total cost of treatment. Further qualitative research is needed to explore adherence determinants.
The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Lung Function Impairment in Patients with Post-Tuberculosis Sequelae Rusmini, Hetti; Soemarwoto, Retno Ariza S; Messah, Anse Diana V; Yunus, Faisal; Dilangga, Pad; Herdarto, Muhammad Junus Didiek; Hendarto, Gatot Sudiro; Ekawati, Diyan
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 46 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/3chv8k81

Abstract

Background: Post-tuberculosis (post-TB) sequelae are long-term pulmonary complications that persist despite completion of anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT). These long-term effects frequently contribute to diminished pulmonary function and a lower quality of life. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is thought to be involved in the process of lung tissue injury among individuals recovering from tuberculosis. This study aimed to explore the correlation between serum MMP-9 levels and pulmonary function impairment in post-TB patients. Methods: An observational case-control study was carried out at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Hospital in Lampung between April 2023 and March 2024. The study involved 35 post-TB patients (case group) and 35 healthy individuals (control group). Pulmonary function was evaluated using spirometry, while serum MMP-9 concentrations were measured by ELISA. The data were statistically analysed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's rank correlation. Results: The post-TB group exhibited higher serum MMP-9 levels compared to the control group (1137.7±527.4 vs. 939.5±360.1), though the difference did not reach statistical significance. Post-TB patients showed reduced lung function, particularly in FEV1/FVC, FEV1, and FVC values. There was a significant correlation between MMP-9 levels and pulmonary function parameters, including pre-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (r = -0.321; P=0.007), post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (r = -0.265; P=0.027), and %FEV1 (r = -0.254; P=0.034). Conclusion: Increased serum MMP-9 levels are associated with reduced lung function in post-tuberculosis patients, particularly in cases of obstructive impairment. MMP-9 has the potential to be used as a biomarker for lung injury in individuals with a history of tuberculosis.
The Relationship between Smoking History with ECOG Score, EGFR Mutation Status, and Clinicopathology Data of NSCLC Patients: Preliminary Study Jayadi, Tejo; Amarantini, Charis; Saputra, Lili Ananta; Pratiwi, Johana Puspasari Dwi; Widowati, Fransiska Galuh
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 46 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/jri.v46i1.1044

Abstract

Background: Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a poor outcome. Mutations in the EGFR gene play a crucial role in determining treatment options and prognosis. Smoking history, clinicopathological features, including patient performance, and EGFR gene mutation have served as clinical guidelines for monitoring. This study aims to examine the association between smoking history and ECOG score, EGFR mutation status, and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with NSCLC in Yogyakarta. Methods: An observational and analytic study, with a retrospective cohort design from 32 patients diagnosed with NSCLC. Data on smoking history, clinicopathological characteristics, ECOG performance scores, and EGFR mutation types (Exon 19 deletion and Exon 21 L858R) were extracted and concluded from medical records. The relationship between these variables was analysed using the Chi-square test. Results: The analysis began by exploring the relationship between smoking history and initial ECOG performance scores. It was discovered that non-smokers exhibited poorer initial ECOG scores (P=0.025). Smoking history was significantly associated with specific EGFR mutation types (P=0.009), but not with overall EGFR mutation status. The analysis revealed that deletions on Exon 19 were mainly found in patients who smoked, whereas mutations in Exon 21 were uniquely present in non-smokers. Clinical follow-up also shows an association (P=0.002). This finding suggests that smoking behaviour interferes with the carcinogenesis of NSCLC. Conclusion: The relationship between smoking history, performance status, exon-specific EGFR mutations, and clinical follow-up suggests differences in the carcinogenic mechanisms of NSCLC exon-specific mutations, highlighting biological diversity and emphasizing the need for detailed molecular studies to improve prognostic accuracy.
Clinical, Immunological, and Microbiological Aspects of Non-tuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) Nurfitri, Rina Diana; Isbaniah, Fathiyah; Nurwidya, Fariz; Imaniar, Rania; Hatim, Faiza; Dharmawan, Ibrahim Nur Insan Putra
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 46 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/3rsgyg73

Abstract

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) refer to all mycobacterial species except those causing tuberculosis and leprosy. These bacteria are acid-fast. The bacteria are environmental bacteria that act opportunistically in humans. The infection can lead to disease, primarily affecting the lungs in susceptible hosts. Risk factors for NTM infection include defects in the body's defence mechanisms (e.g., ciliary defects), changes in lung structure (e.g., bronchiectasis), and immune system abnormalities (e.g., immunosuppressant use), which can be congenital or acquired. The bacteria possess pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and cell wall components that differ from those of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), one of which is the glycopeptidolipid (GPL) component. Different species have distinct cell wall components, enabling them to modulate the immune system in various ways by interacting with multiple pathogen recognition receptors, including toll-like receptors and fibronectin. The cell-mediated immune response plays a role in the response to NTM infection. Alveolar macrophages, as the first line of defence, release interleukin (IL)-12, activating the T-helper-1 (Th1) axis and natural killer (NK) cells, followed by the release of tumour necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), interferon (IFN)-γ, and IL-17. The clinical symptoms of NTM lung disease (NTM-LD) are similar to those of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). Two radiological findings are commonly observed: fibro-cavitary lesions and nodular bronchiectasis. Diagnosis must meet clinical, radiological, and microbiological criteria. The decision to start therapy should consider host factors, clinical conditions, and species type. The treatment approach involves multi-drug therapy and long-term administration, depending on species, disease extent, drug susceptibility testing results, and comorbidities.
Comparative Analysis of Copeptin, IL-6, and TNF-α as Predictive Biomarkers for Clinical Outcome in Moderate to Severe COVID-19 Patients Harsini, Harsini; Aphridasari, Jatu; Siregar, Sihsusetyaningtyas Tiominar
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 46 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/mbaw4490

Abstract

Abstract Background: This retrospective clinical study, aimed to evaluate the correlation of copeptin, IL-6, and TNF-α levels with the outcomes of moderate to severe COVID-19 patients. Methods: The study included patients who met the selection criteria and provided written informed consent. The sample size was determined using power analysis, with a sample size of 41 for 80% power to detect significant correlations with a significance level of 0.05. Consecutive sampling was employed for participant selection.  The study utilized medical records of patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 who underwent copeptin, IL-6, and TNF-α tests. Correlation analyses were performed using the Bonferroni test using SPSS® ver. 21. Results: The results revealed a moderate positive correlation between copeptin levels and patient outcomes, with a Bonferroni correlation value 0.597 (p = 0.00). A low positive correlation was observed between IL-6 levels and outcomes (Bonferroni correlation value: 0.239; p = 0.055), while a very low positive correlation was found for TNF-α levels and outcomes (Bonferroni correlation value: 0.140; p = 0.177), which was not statistically significant.   Conclusion: Copeptin emerged as a more sensitive biomarker for predicting the outcomes of COVID-19 patients compared to IL-6 and TNF-α. Elevated copeptin levels were associated with a poorer prognosis. The emergence of copeptin as the most powerful biomarker in this study because of presence of copeptin as a surrogate biomarker for vasopressin release as evidence that a severe inflammatory response has occurred. Copeptin's in vitro stability and stable serum levels also make copeptin as the most sensitive biomarker compared to IL-6 and TNF-α.

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