International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE, ISSN: 2088-8708, a SCOPUS indexed Journal, SNIP: 1.001; SJR: 0.296; CiteScore: 0.99; SJR & CiteScore Q2 on both of the Electrical & Electronics Engineering, and Computer Science) is the official publication of the Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES). The journal is open to submission from scholars and experts in the wide areas of electrical, electronics, instrumentation, control, telecommunication and computer engineering from the global world.
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Applying adaptive learning by integrating semantic and machine learning in proposing student assessment model
Kamilia Hosny;
Abeer El-korany
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 2: April 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp2014-2025
Adaptive learning is one of the most widely used data driven approach to teaching and it received an increasing attention over the last decade. It aims to meet the student’s characteristics by tailoring learning courses materials and assessment methods. In order to determine the student’s characteristics, we need to detect their learning styles according to visual, auditory or kinaesthetic (VAK) learning style. In this research, an integrated model that utilizes both semantic and machine learning clustering methods is developed in order to cluster students to detect their learning styles and recommend suitable assessment method(s) accordingly. In order to measure the effectiveness of the proposed model, a set of experiments were conducted on real dataset (Open University Learning Analytics Dataset). Experiments showed that the proposed model is able to cluster students according to their different learning activities with an accuracy that exceeds 95% and predict their relative assessment method(s) with an average accuracy equals to 93%.
Development and testing of braking and acceleration features for vehicle advanced driver assistance system
Johann Carlo Marasigan;
Gian Paolo Mayuga;
Elmer Magsino
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 2: April 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp2047-2057
Traffic congestion is a constant problem for cities worldwide. The human driving inefficiency and poor urban planning and development contribute to traffic buildup and travel discomfort. An example of human inefficiency is the phantom traffic jam, which is caused by unnecessary braking, causing traffic to slow down, and eventually coming to a stop. In this study, a brake and acceleration feature (BAF) for the advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) is proposed to mitigate the effects of the phantom traffic phenomenon. In its initial stage, the BAF provides a heads-up display that gives information on how much braking and acceleration input is needed to maintain smooth driving conditions, i.e., without sudden acceleration or deceleration, while observing a safe distance from the vehicle in front. BAF employs a fuzzy logic controller that takes distance information from a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) sensor and the vehicle’s instantaneous speed from the engine control unit (ECU). It then calculates the corresponding percentage value of needed acceleration and braking in order to maintain travel objectives of smooth and safe-distance travel. Empirical results show that the system suggests acceleration and braking values slightly higher than the driver’s actual inputs and can achieve 90% accuracy overall.
A hybrid method for traumatic brain injury lesion segmentation
Ahmad Yahya Dawod;
Aniwat Phaphuangwittayakul;
Salita Angkurawaranon
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 2: April 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp1437-1448
Traumatic brain injuries are significant effects of disability and loss of life. Physicians employ computed tomography (CT) images to observe the trauma and measure its severity for diagnosis and treatment. Due to the overlap of hemorrhage and normal brain tissues, segmentation methods sometimes lead to false results. The study is more challenging to unitize the AI field to collect brain hemorrhage by involving patient datasets employing CT scans images. We propose a novel technique free-form object model for brain injury CT image segmentation based on superpixel image processing that uses CT to analyzing brain injuries, quite challenging to create a high outstanding simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC) method. The maintains a strategic distance of the segmentation image to reduced intensity boundaries. The segmentation image contains marked red hemorrhage to modify the free-form object model. The contour labelled by the red mark is the output from our free-form object model. We proposed a hybrid image segmentation approach based on the combined edge detection and dilation technique features. The approach diminishes computational costs, and the show accomplished 96.68% accuracy. The segmenting brain hemorrhage images are achieved in the clustered region to construct a free-form object model. The study also presents further directions on future research in this domain.
Ultra-optical characterization of thin film solar cells materials using core/shell absorber layer
Ahmed Thabet;
Safaa Abdelhady;
Youssef Mobarak
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 2: April 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp1377-1384
This paper investigates on new design of heterojunction quantum dot (HJQD) photovoltaics solar cells CdS/PbS that is based on quantum dot metallics PbS core/shell absorber layer and quantum dot window layer. It has been enhanced the performance of traditional HJQD thin film solar cells model based on quantum dot absorber layer and bulk window layer. The new design has been used sub-micro absorber layer thickness to achieve high efficiency with material reduction, low cost, and time. Metallics-semiconductor core/shell absorber layer has been succeeded for improving the optical characteristics such energy band gap and the absorption of absorber layer materials, also enhancing the performance of HJQD ITO/CdS/QDPbS/Au, sub micro thin film solar cells. Finally, it has been formulating the quantum dot (QD) metallic cores concentration effect on the absorption, energy band gap and electron-hole generation rate in absorber layers, external quantum efficiency, energy conversion efficiency, fill factor of the innovative design of HJQD cells.
Operational transconductance amplifier-based comparator for high frequency applications using 22 nm FinFET technology
Vasudeva Gowdagere;
Uma Bidikinamane Venkataramanaiah
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 2: April 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp2158-2168
Fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) based analog circuits are gaining importance over metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) based circuits with stability and high frequency operations. Comparator that forms the sub block of most of the analog circuits is designed using operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). The OTA is designed using new design procedures and the comparator circuit is designed integrating the sub circuits with OTA. The building blocks of the comparator design such as input level shifter, differential pair with cascode stage and class AB amplifier for output swing are designed and integrated. Folded cascode circuit is used in the feedback path to maintain the common mode input value to a constant, so that the differential pair amplifies the differential signal. The gain of the comparator is achieved to be greater than 100 dB, with phase margin of 65°, common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of above 70 dB and output swing from rail to rail. The circuit provides unity gain bandwidth of 5 GHz and is suitable for high sampling rate data converter circuits.
Binary classification of rainfall time-series using machine learning algorithms
Shilpa Hudnurkar;
Neela Rayavarapu
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 2: April 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp1945-1954
Summer monsoon rainfall contributes more than 75% of the annual rainfall in India. For the state of Maharashtra, India, this is more than 80% for almost all regions of the state. The high variability of rainfall during this period necessitates the classification of rainy and non-rainy days. While there are various approaches to rainfall classification, this paper proposes rainfall classification based on weather variables. This paper explores the use of support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms for the binary classification of summer monsoon rainfall using common weather variables such as relative humidity, temperature, pressure. The daily data, for the summer monsoon months, for nineteen years, was collected for the Shivajinagar station of Pune in the state of Maharashtra, India. Classification accuracy of 82.1 and 82.8%, respectively, was achieved with SVM and ANN algorithms, for an imbalanced dataset. While performance parameters such as misclassification rate, F1 score indicate that better results were achieved with ANN, model parameter selection for SVM was less involved than ANN. Domain adaptation technique was used for rainfall classification at the other two stations of Maharashtra with the network trained for the Shivajinagar station. Satisfactory results for these two stations were obtained only after changing the training method for SVM and ANN.
Flight-schedule using Dijkstra's algorithm with comparison of routes findings
Israa Ezzat Salem;
Maad M. Mijwil;
Alaa Wagih Abdulqader;
Marwa M. Ismaeel
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 2: April 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp1675-1682
The Dijkstra algorithm, also termed the shortest-route algorithm, is a model that is categorized within the search algorithms. Its purpose is to discover the shortest-route, from the beginning node (origin node) to any node on the tracks, and is applied to both directional and undirected graphs. However, all edges must have non-negative values. The problem of organizing inter-city flights is one of the most important challenges facing airplanes and how to transport passengers and commercial goods between large cities in less time and at a lower cost. In this paper, the authors implement the Dijkstra algorithm to solve this complex problem and also to update it to see the shortest-route from the origin node (city) to the destination node (other cities) in less time and cost for flights using simulation environment. Such as, when graph nodes describe cities and edge route costs represent driving distances between cities that are linked with the direct road. The experimental results show the ability of the simulation to locate the most cost-effective route in the shortest possible time (seconds), as the test achieved 95% to find the suitable route for flights in the shortest possible time and whatever the number of cities on the tracks application.
An architectural framework for automatic detection of autism using deep convolution networks and genetic algorithm
Nagashree Nagesh;
Premjyoti Patil;
Shantakumar Patil;
Mallikarjun Kokatanur
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 2: April 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp1768-1775
The brainchild in any medical image processing lied in how accurately the diseases are diagnosed. Especially in the case of neural disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), accurate detection was still a challenge. Several noninvasive neuroimaging techniques provided experts information about the functionality and anatomical structure of the brain. As autism is a neural disorder, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain gave a complex structure and functionality. Many machine learning techniques were proposed to improve the classification and detection accuracy of autism in MRI images. Our work focused mainly on developing the architecture of convolution neural networks (CNN) combining the genetic algorithm. Such artificial intelligence (AI) techniques were very much needed for training as they gave better accuracy compared to traditional statistical methods.
Reliable e-nose for air toxicity monitoring by filter diagonalization method
Ricardo Macías-Quijas;
Ramiro Velázquez;
Roberto De Fazio;
Paolo Visconti;
Nicola Ivan Giannoccaro;
Aimé Lay-Ekuakille
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 2: April 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp1286-1298
This paper introduces a compact, affordable electronic nose (e-nose) device devoted to detect the presence of toxic compounds that could affect human health, such as carbon monoxide, combustible gas, hydrogen, methane, and smoke, among others. Such artificial olfaction device consists of an array of six metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors and a computer-based information system for signal acquisition, processing, and visualization. This study further proposes the use of the filter diagonalization method (FDM) to extract the spectral contents of the signals obtained from the sensors. Preliminary results show that the prototype is functional and that the FDM approach is suitable for a later classification stage. Example deployment scenarios of the proposed e-nose include indoor facilities (buildings and warehouses), compromised air quality places (mines and sanitary landfills), public transportation, mobile robots, and wireless sensor networks.
Symmetric quadratic tetration interpolation using forward and backward operation combination
Chapkit Charnsamorn;
Suphongsa Khetkeeree
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 2: April 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp1893-1903
The existed interpolation method, based on the second-order tetration polynomial, has the asymmetric property. The interpolation results, for each considering region, give individual characteristics. Although the interpolation performance has been better than the conventional methods, the symmetric property for signal interpolation is also necessary. In this paper, we propose the symmetric interpolation formulas derived from the second-order tetration polynomial. The combination of the forward and backward operations was employed to construct two types of the symmetric interpolation. Several resolutions of the fundamental signals were used to evaluate the signal reconstruction performance. The results show that the proposed interpolations can be used to reconstruct the fundamental signal and its peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) is superior to the conventional interpolation methods, except the cubic spline interpolation for the sine wave signal. However, the visual results show that it has a small difference. Moreover, our proposed interpolations converge to the steady-state faster than the cubic spline interpolation. In addition, the option number increasing will reinforce their sensitivity.