International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE, ISSN: 2088-8708, a SCOPUS indexed Journal, SNIP: 1.001; SJR: 0.296; CiteScore: 0.99; SJR & CiteScore Q2 on both of the Electrical & Electronics Engineering, and Computer Science) is the official publication of the Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES). The journal is open to submission from scholars and experts in the wide areas of electrical, electronics, instrumentation, control, telecommunication and computer engineering from the global world.
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Implementing Syntax Evolution of Embedded Systems
Sasi Bhanu Jammalamadaka;
Vinaya Babu A;
Trimurthy P
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 5, No 6: December 2015
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1525-1535
Safety critical systems such as nuclear recator systems cannot be shutdown as restrating is a huge process and incurs heavy cost. The embedded systems which are used for monitoring and controlling the safety critival systems cannot be shut down as well. ES systems which drives safety critical systems must be communicated from remote locations generally through a HOST connected on to Internet. Communication between the HOST and ES system is done using commnd lanaguage which has to be evolved from time to time. The chnage to the commnd lanauage must be undertaken while the embedded system is up and running, the evolution thus must be dynamic. Many architetcuers have been propsoed in the lieteratuer for evolving synatx of command lanaguage.The implemntaion of effcient architetcuer as such has not been found in the literatuer without which existing architetcuer as such has no menaing.The paper presntes a set of methods using which the syntax evolution of embedded systems as such can be achived. The synatx evolution methods have been applied to a safety critical system that monitors and controls tempartuers within a Nuclear recator system.
A Novice Approach of Designing CMOS Based Switchable Filters for ASP Applications
Rajinder Tiwari;
G R Mishra
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 5, No 6: December 2015
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1354-1362
A switchable filter can be designed and fabricated with the desired range and parameters, materials say quartz substrate for RF MEMS based applications. The mathematical modeling of the resonators using the desired characteristics of the capacitive coupled filters can be implemented with low insertion loss. In order to design this filter, one can employ a PIN diode along with a semi-lumped resonator. This PIN diode has been used so as it performs the function of electronic switching i.e. the activating and deactivating the filter circuit action without any compromise in the overall performance of the circuit. These filters circuit are designed and implemented in a way so that it can accommodate the external quality factor in order to ensure a good impedance match at each band of operation. The most dominant parameters and characteristics of the second order switchable filter realization. In this work, the author has put an effort to discuss the most desired parameters of the various switchable filters. In these filter circuits, CMOS devices has been used to design because of their well accepted features i.e. low power loss and requirement of low input signal for operation in addition to other ones. The performance of the proposed CMOS based switchable filters has been discussed with its simulated results that have been carried out by using pSpice software with 0.18 micron technology. The insertion loss of this circuit is with the acceptable limits i.e. 2.9 dB and a tenability within two desired frequencies.
Tree Based Energy Balancing Routing Protocol by Self Organizing in Wireless Sensor Networks
Syed Umar;
P.V.R. D Prasada Rao;
Sridevi Gutta
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 5, No 6: December 2015
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1486-1491
Today the wireless sensor networks (WSN) play a crucial role in wireless technology in various domains like military, medicine, communications etc. The energy conservation is the crucial factor in the WSN. The WSN is a system which has more number of nodes in which various sensors are fabricated on the nodes to monitor various factors of the given task. These nodes will form a network by connecting the one to other for the effective communication between the nodes, and sends the whole information to the base station (BS). As the nodes which we use for the WSN are of low cost and are battery operated. The main drawback is replacement of the battery in the WSN. The main goal is to conserve the energy consumption in WSN and also to balance the load on WSN. For this many protocols are designed like LEACH, PEGASIS, PEDAP, etc. in those balancing the load and time delayed. some drawbacks are there. So we proposed a protocol so called “Tree Based Energy Balancing routing Protocol by Self Organizing” (TEBRSO), in which instead of routing tables a routing tree will be used for routing from nodes to base station (BS), which chooses one root/control node for the broadcasting messages to the selected sensor nodes. By this protocol we can save the energy consumption in WSN and can extend the life time of it. The performance of this protocol is better when we compare with other energy saving protocols.
Non-Convex Economic Dispatch with Prohibited Operating Zones through Gravitational Search Algorithm
Prakash Kumar Hota;
Nakul Charan Sahu
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 5, No 6: December 2015
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1234-1244
This paper presents a new approach to the solution of optimal power generation for economic load dispatch (ELD) using gravitational search algorithm (GSA) when all the generators include valve point effects and some/all of the generators have prohibited operating zones. In this paper a gravitational search algorithm is suggested that deals with equality and inequality constraints in ELD problems. A constraint treatment mechanism is also discussed to accelerate the optimization process. To verify the robustness and superiority of the proposed GSA based approach, a practical sized 40-generators case with valve point effects and prohibited operating zones is considered. The simulation results reveal that the proposed GSA approach ensures convergence within an acceptable execution time and provides highly optimal solution as compared to the results obtained from well established heuristic optimization approaches.
Application of ANFIS for Distance Relay Protection in Transmission Line
Azriyenni Azriyenni;
Mohd Wazir Mustafa
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 5, No 6: December 2015
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1311-1318
The techniques hybrid intelligent was introduced in transmission protection that usage in electric power systems. There was applied ANFIS for distance relay protection particularly for transmission line. If a fault occurs during the transmission line identification caused by unwanted fault thus the power delivery to the consumer becomes not going well. Therefore, it would need to provide an alternative solution to fix this problem. The objective of this paper uses impedance transmission line to determine how long the channel spacing will be protected by distance relay. It has been distance relays when fault occurs in transmission line with the application Sugeno ANFIS. The simulation shows it excellent testing results can be contributed to an alternate algorithm that it has good performance to protecting system in transmission line. This application used by using software Matlab.
Performance Analysis for Uniform and Binomial Distribution on Contention Window using DSRC and Wi-Fi Direct Standard
Nurain Izzati Shuhaimi;
Heriansyah Heriansyah;
Tutun Juhana;
Adit Kurniawan
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 5, No 6: December 2015
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1452-1457
In this paper, we present a mathematical analysis on the performance and behavior of uniformly distributed and non-uniformly distributed backoff timer based on binomial algorithm by using two standards which is the conventional DSRC and the latest Wi-Fi Direct. DSRC is a well-known technology being considered as the most promising wireless standard in VANET. On the other hand, as the latest wireless networking standard, the potential of Wi-Fi Direct technology should be concerned. We evaluates these standards using uniform and binomial distribution for contention window under mathematical modelling in order to analyze the average throughput and collision probability performance. The results show that binomial distribution in Wi-Fi Direct standard is 7.05% and 97.13% better than uniform distribution, in terms of average throughput and collision probability, respectively. Thus we can defer that Wi-Fi Direct is feasible to be used as an alternative standard since it has been considered as potential competitor of DSRC in VANET.
An Efficient Face Recognition Using SIFT Descriptor in RGB-D Images
M. I. Ouloul;
Z. Moutakki;
K. Afdel;
A. Amghar
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 5, No 6: December 2015
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1227-1233
Automatic face recognition has known a very important evolution in the last decade, due to its huge usage in the security systems. The most of facial recognition approaches use 2D image, but the problem is that this type of image is very sensible to the illumination and lighting changes. Another approach uses the 3D camera and stereo cameras as well, but it’s rarely used because it requires a relatively long processing duration. A new approach rise in this field, which is based on RGB-D images produced by Kinect, this type of cameras cost less and it can be used in any environment and under any circumstances. In this work we propose a new algorithm that combines the RGB image with Depth map which is less sensible to illumination changes. We got a recognition rate of 96, 63% in rank 2.
Performance Comparison of Routing Protocols in Bipartite Wireless Sensor Network
Devashish Gosain;
Itu Snigdh
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 5, No 6: December 2015
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1417-1423
This paper evaluates and ranks the suitability of routing algorithms for bipartite wireless sensor network topology. The network considered in this paper, consists of an irregular combination of fixed and mobile nodes, which leads to construction of a bipartite graph among them. A wireless sensor network is usually constrained by the energy limitations and processing capabilities. We therefore, consider the important metrics for analysis namely, carried load, energy consumption and the average delay incurred. We present the possibilities of employing the routing algorithms subject to the quality of service required by the wireless sensor networks applications
Graph-Based Concept Clustering for Web Search Results
Supakpong Jinarat;
Choochart Haruechaiyasak;
Arnon Rungsawang
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 5, No 6: December 2015
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1536-1544
A search engine usually returns a long list of web search results corresponding to a query from the user. Users must spend a lot of time for browsing and navigating the search results for the relevant results. Many research works applied the text clustering techniques, called web search results clustering, to handle the problem. Unfortunately, search result document returned from search engine is a very short text. It is difficult to cluster related documents into the same group because a short document has low informative content. In this paper, we proposed a method to cluster the web search results with high clustering quality using graph-based clustering with concept which extract from the external knowledge source. The main idea is to expand the original search results with some related concept terms. We applied the Wikipedia as the external knowledge source for concept extraction. We compared the clustering results of our proposed method with two well-known search results clustering techniques, Suffix Tree Clustering and Lingo. The experimental results showed that our proposed method significantly outperforms over the well-known clustering techniques.
Modeling of Split Ring Resonators loaded microstrip line with different orientations
Rajni Rajni;
Gurwinder Singh;
Anupma Marwaha
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 5, No 6: December 2015
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1363-1371
This paper presents the different circuit approaches of the electric and magnetic interaction of Single Split Ring Resonator (SRR) loaded microstrip line. We loaded the microstrip line with planar square split ring resonator in different configurations and orientations. The modeling behavior of metamaterials-based microstrip lines loaded with single and two-mirrored split ring resonators is analyzed numerically in two orientations (with gap of SRR parallel and perpendicular to the line). The full wave simulations are performed for the single and two-mirrored split ring resonators loaded microstrip inside a waveguide with ‘High Frequency Structure Simulator’ software. The equivalent circuit parameters are obtained for the single split ring resonator loaded with microstrip line with the gap parallel and near to the line from transmission line theory that make use of just the resonance frequency and minimum of the reflection coefficient. The simulation of different orientations of split ring resonator gives better reflection coefficient and wider frequency.