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Asian Journal of Agriculture
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25804537     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Aims and Scope Asian Journal of Agriculture encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects to optimizing the quality and quantity of both plant and animal yield and final products, including agricultural economics and management, agricultural engineering and mechanization, agronomy and crop science, fish breeding, poultry breeding, plants and animals breeding, biotechnology, molecular biology, genetic diversity and breeding, food science and technology, land resources, land use, and remote sensing, plant pathology and pest management, microbiology, virology and bacteriology, organic agriculture, ecology and ecophysiology, physiology and nutrition, post-harvest technology, soil sciences, soilless culture, tissue culture technology, phytoremediation, and water management.
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Articles 57 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)" : 57 Documents clear
In vitro responses of two barley varieties to Moringa extract and growth regulators under drought stress BADAY, SAJA JAWAD SHNAISHEL; Al-Jubori, MAYADA TTARIQ AL-JUBORI; SALIH, MAHA IBRAHIM
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090203

Abstract

Abstract. Baday SJS, Al-Jubori MT, Salih MI. 2025. In vitro responses of two barley varieties to Moringa extract and growth regulators under drought stress. Asian J Agric 9: 358-367. The world has recently turned to find alternatives to plant growth regulators, especially materials used in plant tissue culture, as they are the main pillar in establishing tissue cultures and participate in all stages of agriculture. Plant extracts from (seeds or leaves) are most important that can encourage growth, as they contain many active compounds that may compensate for hormones and increase the plant's resistance to drought. Moringa extract contains phenols, ascorbic acid, in addition to growth-promoting hormones (auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins), and abscisic acid, and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase). In the research, barley embryos were grown in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture media containing of Moringa leaf extract with (0, 1.5, 3 and 4.5 mL L-1), versus kinetin (Kin) treatments at 0, 1, 2 and 3 mg L-1 and indole acetic acid (IAA) at 0.5 mg L-1 then, plantlets that achieved highest average number of shoots, total chlorophyll and dry weight were transferred to the culture media containing Poly Ethelene Glycol (PEG) at 0, 2, 4 and 6 g L-1 and the work was performed from a fully Complete Randomized Design (CRD), the sample size on which the analysis was conducted was 160 samples resulting from the use of two varieties of barley, 4 concentrations of Moringa extract, 4 concentrations of Kin, and 5 replications. The results estimated that the highest average number of the vegetative shoots formed was 16.8 shoots plant-1, the total amount of chlorophyll was 323.4 mg g-1, and the dry weight of vegetative shoots was 88.9 mg in concentration 3 of Moringa and Kin extract in the Buhuth244 variety. The average plant relative growth rate was 49.2 mg day-1, and the average plant growth rate was 56.1 mg day-1 in Buhuth244, and 3 mL L-1 of Moringa extract and 4 of PEG. The examination, diagnosis, and estimation of the active compounds in the Moringa leaf methanolic extract was identified by Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometer unit (GC-MS). These extracts can serve as useful antioxidant materials. This study has concluded that Moringa extract can be used as an alternative to synthetic plant hormones due to its effect on improving vegetative growth characteristics.
Comparative biology of bagworm larvae (Metisa plana) fed on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and malabar melastome (Melastoma malabathricum) ANGGRAINI, ERISE; ISTIQOMAH, HAWARYAH; IRSAN, CHANDRA; HERLINDA, SITI; MUSLIM, A.; SUWANDI, SUWANDI
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090214

Abstract

Abstract. Anggraini E, Istiqomah H, Irsan C, Herlinda S, Muslim A, Suwandi S. 2025. Comparative biology of bagworm larvae (Metisa plana) fed on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and malabar melastome (Melastoma malabathricum). Asian J Agric 9: 472-481. Metisa plana Walker, 1883 (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) is a significant defoliator in oil palm plantations, and the weed Melastoma malabathricum L. (malabar melastome) is believed to act as an alternative host, potentially maintaining pest numbers. This study assessed the comparative biology of M. plana larvae raised individually on oil palm and malabar melastome leaves in a laboratory setting. Recently emerged larvae (n?=?10 per treatment) were observed for leaf area consumption, larval bag form, developmental time, and survival rates. The results indicated that larvae consuming malabar melastome had a substantially greater leaf area consumption during instars 1-3 (up to 11.44?±?0.96?cm²) compared to those fed on oil palm (8.91?±?0.58?cm²; p?<?0.05), with the differences becoming non-significant from the 4th instar forward. The total duration of larval development was roughly 109 days on Malabar melastome and 103 days on oil palm, with no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05), while survival rates above 80% on both hosts. The length of larval bags exhibited substantial variation in the early instars (p < 0.01), but remained comparable in subsequent stages, and pupal weight was not assessed. The findings affirm that M. malabathricum serves as an appropriate alternate host for M. plana, underscoring the necessity for integrated weed management to avert malabar melastome from functioning as a reservoir, thereby enhancing the efficacy of pest management measures in oil palm ecosystems.
Consumer preferences for lab-cultured and traditional meat in Ghana OWUSU, REBECCA
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090215

Abstract

Abstract. Owusu R. 2025. Consumer preferences for lab-cultured and traditional meat in Ghana. Asian J Agric 9: 483-497. There is a growing demand for meat as a source of protein in the human diet because of the increasing population. This has raised ethical and environmental concerns, highlighting the need for alternative protein sources, including lab-cultured meat. While interest in consumer preferences for alternative meat has grown globally, evidence from emerging economies like Ghana remains limited. This study investigates consumer preferences for alternative meat sources using a choice experiment approach. Specifically, the study aims to (i) assess baseline awareness of lab-cultured meat to identify public education needs, (ii) uncover cultural or economic barriers to adoption for targeted interventions, and (iii) quantify consumer preferences and willingness to pay to guide market pricing strategies. It employs a descriptive survey design, utilizing a sample of 265 consumers from the Cape Coast Metropolis, with data collected through questionnaires. The empirical specifications were estimated using a Bayesian mixed logit model in preference and willingness to pay (WTP) spaces to account for preference heterogeneity and improve WTP estimations. The econometric modeling results indicate that sampled consumers are price-sensitive, with affordability, limited availability, and low awareness emerging as the most significant barriers to consumption. Plant-based meat was positively valued in WTP space, while consumers generally are indifferent towards lab-cultured meat, which becomes more acceptable as an ethical and sustainable alternative, for the younger and higher income earners when socioeconomic interactions were incorporated, suggesting a heterogeneous but emerging market. Additionally, the results show that consumers prefer locally produced meat over imported meat, with origin being a key factor in their purchasing decisions. Furthermore, a low carbon footprint influences consumers' choice of meat alternatives. While the sample provides insights into urban consumer behavior, rural preferences may differ. The results suggest targeted marketing of lab-cultured meat as an ethical choice and support for local production to enhance acceptance.
Sequence-based characterization of Escherichia coli in fresh produce and environmental samples in selected urban farms in Metro Manila, Philippines VITAL, PIERANGELI G.; SABIO, MA. CHRISTINE JASMINE F.; SENA, DONNABEL C.
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090224

Abstract

Abstract. Vital PG, Sabio MCJF, Sena DC. 2025. Sequence-based characterization of Escherichia coli in fresh produce and environmental samples in selected urban farms in Metro Manila, Philippines. Asian J Agric 9: 582-589. The prevalence of Escherichia coli is well-documented in the Philippines, and this commonly food- and water-borne pathogen poses a public health risk. Serotyping is being done to determine the pathogenicity or clinical relevance of an isolate. With whole genome sequence (WGS) data becoming more available and the development of user-friendly online platforms for processing such data becoming more popular, an accurate strain identification can be made. The current study used web-based methods for multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and serotyping based on O and H antigens to characterize 30 E. coli isolates from a total of 117 samples collected from selected urban farms in the Philippines. Thirty-two out of 117 samples were confirmed to harbor thermotolerant E. coli. Sequence type 155 (ST 155), which is documented to be associated with zoonotic infections and antibiotic resistance, was observed among the isolates along with 25 other sequence types of E. coli. Several non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) serotypes were detected, including O115:H11, O75:H10, O9a:H4, O148:H8, and O18ac:H21. Rare serotypes and incomplete serotypes (H-types only) were also detected. Our study highlights the utility of whole genome sequence-based strain characterization. The results of this study can be used for understanding contamination dynamics in the food chain and aiding agricultural food safety and outbreak investigations.
Effect of fermented pineapple silage on growth and stress tolerance of Penaeus monodon post-larvae HONCADA, CHEENY A.; LEMOSNERO, JAY B.; NAMUAG, BRYLLE P.; CANDOLE, KATHLEEN P.; PEDROSO, FIONA L.
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090220

Abstract

Abstract. Honcada CA, Lemosnero JB, Namuag BP, Candole KP, Pedroso FL. 2025. Effect of fermented pineapple silage on growth and stress tolerance of Penaeus monodon post-larvae. Asian J Agric 9: 533-541. The incorporation of pineapple waste into animal feeds has been previously reported; however, its potential application in aquaculture remains underexplored. In particular, the use of liquid-fermented pineapple silage derived from industrial processing has not been documented. This study investigated the effects of liquid fermented pineapple silage (LFPS) and yeast-enriched LFPS (LFPS+Yeast), applied by spraying onto commercial feed, as alternative feed additives for post-larval tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Results demonstrated that the inclusion of LFPS+Yeast significantly improved weight gain (p < 0.05) in P. monodon post-larvae, with the highest mean weight gain observed in the LFPS+Yeast group (62.57?±?3.43?mg), followed by LFPS (53.37?±?5.63?mg), and the control (39.30?±?3.40?mg). A similar trend was observed in growth rate (GR) (p < 0.05). Although the specific growth rate (SGR) did not differ significantly among treatments (p > 0.05), the LFPS+Yeast group exhibited the highest SGR (11.30?±?0.52%), followed by LFPS (10.97?±?0.52%) and the control (9.84?±?0.35%). No significant differences were found in survival or stress tolerance; however, both LFPS+Yeast and LFPS treatments showed improved survival rates (80.00?±?1.40% and 73.11?±?2.50%, respectively) compared to the control (67.56?±?7.45%), as well as enhanced stress response. These findings suggest that LFPS and LFPS+Yeast have strong potential as sustainable feed additives in shrimp aquaculture, offering a means of waste valorization while promoting improved growth and resilience in P. monodon.
Substituting star grass with corn fodder in Bali Heifer Diets: Impact on intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance, and blood profile JALALUDIN, JALALUDIN; NIKOLAUS, TARA TIBA; SABAT, DIANA MELIANI; SETYANI, NI MADE PARAMITA
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090254

Abstract

Abstract. Jalaludin, Nikolaus TT, Sabat DM, Setyani NMP. 2025. Substituting star grass with corn fodder in Bali Heifer Diets: Impact on intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance, and blood profile. Asian J Agric 9: 881-888. This study aimed to evaluate the substitution of Star Grass Silage (SGS) with hydroponic Corn Fodder (CF) in the diets of Bali heifers, with a focus on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen retention, and blood profile parameters. Hydroponic corn fodder was assessed as a sustainable alternative to star grass silage for Bali heifers, which are typically raised in dry tropical regions characterized by seasonal forage scarcity. Previous studies on the use of corn fodder have predominantly focused on dairy cattle, buffaloes, or goats; therefore, this study provides novel information on Bali heifers in terms of intake, digestibility, nitrogen retention, and blood profiles to determine the optimal substitution level. The experiment employed a 4 × 4 Latin square design with four dietary treatments, consisting of the replacement of SGS with CF at levels of 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60%. The results showed that CF substitution significantly affected (P < 0.05) nitrogen intake and nitrogen retention, with the highest values observed at the 20% CF substitution level, while increasing the substitution to 60% resulted in reduced nitrogen intake and retention. In contrast, CF substitution had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein intake, nutrient digestibility, or blood profile parameters. It was concluded that hydroponic corn fodder can effectively replace star grass silage at substitution levels of 20-40% of the forage portion without impairing nutrient utilization or physiological balance. These findings highlight the potential of hydroponic corn fodder as a forage resource to support the sustainability of Bali cattle production in tropical regions with limited forage availability, particularly during the dry season.
Pollen foraging preference based on floral resource distance in Tetragonula biroi NURAENI, SITTI; TIWI, ANDI AMINA; PRASTIYO, ANDI
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090209

Abstract

Abstract. Nuraeni S, Tiwi AA, Prastiyo A. 2025. Pollen foraging preference based on floral resource distance in Tetragonula biroi. Asian J Agric 9: 423-432. The stingless bee Tetragonula biroi plays a vital role as a pollinator and depends primarily on pollen and nectar for nutrition. Understanding its foraging behavior is essential for optimizing floral resource management in meliponiculture systems. This study investigates the foraging preferences of T. biroi based on the distance of floral resources in Awani Bee Garden, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Pollen identification was conducted using light microscopy on bee bread samples collected from three hives, and the spatial distribution of flowering plants around the hives was documented. This research was conducted from November 2023 to February 2025, using descriptive analysis of pollen types and plant distance from the hive. A Spearman’s correlation analysis was also conducted to examine the relationship between the distance of floral sources and the percentage of pollen collected. Foraging preference was operationally defined as the percentage of pollen collected from each plant species relative to its distance from the hive. Results revealed that T. biroi collected pollen from 18 plant species located at distances ranging from 2 to 498 m. The most dominant pollen sources were Clerodendrum paniculatum (16.87%), Macaranga tanarius (15.20%), and Carica papaya (13.97%). Over 70% of the total pollen came from plant species located within 10 m of the hive, such as Capsicum annuum (2 m, 6.93%), Mangifera indica (2 m, 7.49%). However, the bees also utilized distant sources such as Turnera subulata (485 m, 0.56%) and Antigonon leptopus (498 m, 2.12%), demonstrating flexible foraging behavior within their ecological range. Spearman's correlation showed a weak negative relationship between plant distance and pollen percentage (? = -0.387) with p>0.05, indicating that the preference for nearby floral sources was not statistically significant but ecologically observable. These findings suggest that while proximity plays a role in foraging, T. biroi exhibits adaptable behavior based on resource distribution.
Stakeholders' roles and policy effectiveness in organic rice farming development in Central Java and Yogyakarta, Indonesia ROZAKI, ZUHUD; VIONANDA, REZA; RAHMAWATI, NUR; TRIYONO, TRIYONO
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090218

Abstract

Abstract. Rozaki Z, Vionanda R, Rahmawati N, Triyono. 2025. Stakeholders' roles and policy effectiveness in organic rice farming development in Central Java and Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Asian J Agric 9: 513-521. In Central Java and Yogyakarta, organic rice farming has grown rapidly in response to increasing consumer demand and farmer awareness of environmental and health concerns. Between 2019 and 2022, the volume of organic rice trade rose significantly from 491.4 tons to 7,795.9 tons, highlighting the urgent need for supportive policies and governance structures. This study aims to analyze the roles of key stakeholders and assess the effectiveness of agricultural policies in promoting organic rice farming across five districts. A qualitative descriptive approach was applied, using purposive sampling to select 18 key informants, including officials from agricultural offices, extension advisors, and farmer group leaders. The findings show that stakeholders play a central and invaluable role in policy creation and information dissemination, yet marketing-related policies remain underdeveloped. Existing programs mainly provide production-side support, including subsidies for inputs, certification assistance, training, and extension services, all confirmed by farmers as received. While these interventions effectively enhance productivity, they have a limited impact on marketing efficiency. Further analysis highlights the need for stronger communication between policymakers and farmer groups, as well as better support for market access and post-harvest handling. The study recommends establishing district-level organic marketing boards, embedding farmer feedback into policy cycles, and encouraging local governments to adopt region-specific regulations that foster sustainable organic farming systems.
Effect of fermented gambir (Uncaria gambir) leaves on broiler performance and blood lipids WIDJASTUTI, TUTI; FAADHILAH, ATHAYA; ADRIANI, LOVITA
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090228

Abstract

Abstract. Widjastuti T, Faadhilah A, Adriani L. 2025. Effect of fermented gambir (Uncaria gambir) leaves on broiler performance and blood lipids. Asian J Agric 9: 615-622. Increasing broiler chicken productivity must be supported by proper management during rearing. Efforts to maintain production efficiency with potential alternatives to replace antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) include gambir leaves (Uncaria gambir). Fermented gambir leaves aim to improve performance and reduce blood lipid levels in broiler chickens, serving as an alternative ingredient to replace antibiotic growth promoters. The leaves are fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum at 1.5% and Rhizopus oligosporus at 1%. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and four replicates. R0: 100% basal diet; R1: 100% basal diet + 0.5% fermented gambir leaf product; R2: 100% basal diet + 1% gambir leaf fermentation product; R3: 100% basal diet + 1.5% fermented gambir leaf product; R4: 100% basal diet + 2% gambir leaf fermentation product. Parameters measured included performance, blood, and meat lipid levels. Results showed significant differences (P<0.05) among treatments R1-R4 compared to R0, indicating increased body weight gain (R1=2393 g) and decreased cholesterol (R1=115 mg/dL), triglyceride (R1 = 49 mg/dL), and fat levels in blood and meat. Based on these findings, adding 1% fermented gambir leaves to the basal diet can improve broiler performance while reducing lipid content in blood plasma and meat. Using 0.5% to 1% gambir leaf fermentation in feed is recommended as a feed additive to replace AGP.
Optimization of biochar and drip irrigation to improve chili yield and soil properties WIDOWATI, WIDOWATI; BIRU, SIRILUS MARIO; AGASTYA, I MADE INDRA; CAHYA, UTIK TRI WULAN; WILUJENG, RETNO
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090211

Abstract

Abstract. Widowati, Biru SM, Agastya IMI, Cahya UTW, Wilujeng R. 2025. Optimization of biochar and drip irrigation to improve chili yield and soil properties. Asian J Agric 9: 442-453. Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens) is an important horticultural crop in Indonesia; however, its yield remains below optimal despite rising demand. This study intends to (i) assess changes in soil bulk density, particle density, and porosity; (ii) evaluate the effects of irrigation techniques and the application of biochar on chili yields; and (iii) identify the best combination for optimizing resource usage and yield. Eight different treatment combinations, each repeated four times, were used in a nested randomized design study conducted in Tunggulwulung Village, Malang. As the primary factor, the treatments included two main irrigation techniques (conventional and drip), which were further subdivided with different rates of biochar application (0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%). There were 160 pots total, with five plants per treatment acting as experimental units. Rice husks that had been pyrolyzed for three to four hours at 600°C were the source of the biochar. According to the results, adding biochar to conventional irrigation increases fruit weight by 125% and yield by about 130%. Drip irrigation with 4% biochar, on the other hand, is the most successful technique and yields much larger improvements, increasing fruit weight by 764% and fruit yield by 324%. Drip irrigation is more effective and yields better results than conventional irrigation, especially when combined with rice husk biochar. Furthermore, soil porosity and water use efficiency are significantly increased when 4% and 6% doses of biochar are added to drip irrigation systems.

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