International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences (IJAAS) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal dedicated to publish significant research findings in the field of applied and theoretical sciences. The journal is designed to serve researchers, developers, professionals, graduate students and others interested in state-of-the art research activities in applied science areas, which cover topics including: chemistry, physics, materials, nanoscience and nanotechnology, mathematics, statistics, geology and earth sciences.
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<![CDATA[Cloud computing and 5G challenges and open issues ]]>
<![CDATA[Arif Ullah]]>;
<![CDATA[Hanane Aznaoui]]>;
<![CDATA[Canan Batur Şahin]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahnaz Sadie]]>;
<![CDATA[Ozlem Batur Dinler]]>;
<![CDATA[Laassar Imane]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v11.i3.pp187-193
<![CDATA[The obtainable fourth-generation technology (4G) networks have been extensively used in the cloud application and are constantly evolving to match the needs of the future cloud applications. The fifth-generation (5G) networks are probable to immense expand today's cloud that can boost communication operations, cloud security, and network challenges and drive the cloud future to the edge and internet of things (IoT) applications. The existing cloud solutions are facing a number of challenges such as large number of connection of nodes, security, and new standards. This paper reviews the current research state-of-the-art of 5G cloud, key-enabling technologies, and current research trends and challenges in 5G along with cloud application.]]>
<![CDATA[Reducing the cost of energy used for adaptation by using different exterior wall covering materials in Iraq ]]>
<![CDATA[Mahmoud Fadhel Idan]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v11.i3.pp177-186
<![CDATA[This paper aimed to study how to reduce the amounts of heat transfer from or to the internal space of the building by covering its external walls with many locally available materials, thus reducing the rate of consumption of electrical energy used in adaptation, which leads to reducing energy consumption costs. The researcher built a model room with dimensions (1 x 1 x 2) m on the third floor of a building in Baghdad (L = 33.2 N), the dimensions of its walls (1 x 2 m) east for the installation of the sample, and the other surfaces are insulated with 200 mm polystyrene sheets. Use a 0.5 ton air conditioner to provide the room thermal comfort. The researcher found that the metal sheet with a thickness of 10 mm and covered with an insulating layer of thermoplastics is considered the best among the materials used in construction, as it saves 57% of the electrical energy consumed in air conditioning. While the use of marble, porcelain, helen stone, and fiberglass slabs with a thickness of 10 mm, comes last because it saves less than 30% of electrical energy.]]>
<![CDATA[Simulation model of 1-phase pulse-width modulation rectifier by using MATLAB/Simulink ]]>
<![CDATA[Salam Waley Shneen]]>;
<![CDATA[Ghada Adel Aziz]]>;
<![CDATA[Fatin Nabeel Abdullah]]>;
<![CDATA[Dina Harith Shaker]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v11.i3.pp253-262
<![CDATA[One of the problems that need to be solved is the difference in the type of nutrition from the load. The feeding may be from a constant current source such as batteries and solar cells, and there are alternating current sources such as diesel machines, wind energy, and various power plants. All of these sources need electronic power devices that help convert and regulate the control and control of the type of feeding on the one hand and its amount on the other. From here, we show the size of the challenge occupied by electronic power transformers, as they are considered the solution to many problems of transmission, distribution, and feeding systems for different loads. The current study sheds light on one of the types of electronic power systems, which is unified. Choosing and suggesting a set of single-phase unifying circuits to conduct simulations and come up with results that are analyzed to show the function of the non-electronic modulators. In the current simulation, tests were carried out for a group of circuits that need direct current (DC) power, and their available source of supply is an alternating current source to different departments to access a set of data that enables researchers to conduct appropriate analyzes to perform them, by discussing those results.]]>
<![CDATA[An effective control structure of on-board battery charger for electric vehicles ]]>
<![CDATA[Mohammad Khadem]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohammad Karami]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v11.i3.pp211-219
<![CDATA[The plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) including plug-in hybrid electric and all-electric vehicles will play a key role in the transportation future throughout the world. Consequently, a variety of works must be done to decrease the cost, improve the structure and increase the convenience of PEVs. This study proposed a single-phase, non-isolated and on-board battery charger with no use of any transformer which reduced the volume and weight of the system for PEVs. The main purpose is to provide an accurate control structure in order to achieve an acceptable charging in the wide range of voltage. The proposed structure is simulated by matrix laboratory (MATLAB) software. The results showed a high-power density, high efficiency and appropriate power factor from the structure of the non-isolated and single-phase charger.]]>
<![CDATA[Advanced optimal GWO-PID controller for DC motor ]]>
<![CDATA[Ghada Adel Aziz]]>;
<![CDATA[Salam Waley Shneen]]>;
<![CDATA[Fatin Nabeel Abdullah]]>;
<![CDATA[Dina Harith Shaker]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v11.i3.pp263-276
<![CDATA[The current work aims to use traditional control algorithms and advanced optimization algorithms that was chosen for its ease of control and the possibility of using it in many industrial applications. By setting the appropriate specifications for the simulation model and after conducting the planned tests that simulate different applications of the motor’s work within electrical systems, the results proved to obtain good performance of the motor’s work, better response, high accuracy, in addition to the speed. The goal is to design and tune a proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller by grey wolf optimization (GWO) using transfer function (T.F) for a direct current (DC) motor. To adjust the parameters of the traditional controllers using the optimum advanced, an appropriate mechanism and technology from the advanced optimization techniques were chosen, as the gray wolf technology algorithm was chosen as an optimization technique and integral time absolute error (ITAE) to adjust the parameters of the traditional PID controller.]]>
<![CDATA[Digital terrestrial television in Nigeria: A technical review of path loss modeling and optimization techniques ]]>
<![CDATA[Abolaji Okikiade Ilori]]>;
<![CDATA[Kamoli Akinwale Amusa]]>;
<![CDATA[Tolulope Christianah Erinosho]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v11.i3.pp277-286
<![CDATA[The switch from analog to digital terrestrial broadcasting (DTTV) has resulted in a substantial shift in the contemporary television broadcasting environment, introducing a new means of transmitting content, as well as a new and upgraded process that will improve consumer satisfaction by ensuring greater reception. Despite the deadline, only a small percentage of terrestrial television stations in Nigeria have been digitalized. This work takes a critical review of various aspects of DTTV implementation, ranging from evolution to path loss estimation, prospects and challenges associated with the switch-over on the very high frequency (VHF) communication links as well as various optimization techniques that are adopted for DTTV in Nigeria and sub-Sahara Africa. Findings show that the prospects are bright and numerous benefits are accruable if the government of Nigeria can solve the problems facing its full migration. Furthermore, investigations into the path-loss of DTTV in the ultra-high frequency (UHF) communication links have enjoyed scanty attention, therefore, careful examination and suitable path-loss model development in this frequency regime for television (TV) services across various ecological and vegetation zones should be considered as it will aid the full deployment of DTTV in Nigeria.]]>
<![CDATA[Pedestrian detection system based on deep learning ]]>
<![CDATA[Mohammed Razzok]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdelmajid Badri]]>;
<![CDATA[Ilham EL Mourabit]]>;
<![CDATA[Yassine Ruichek]]>;
<![CDATA[Aıcha Sahel]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v11.i3.pp194-198
<![CDATA[Pedestrian detection is a rapidly growing field of computer vision with applications in smart cars, surveillance, automotive safety, and advanced robotics. Most of the success of the last few years has been driven by the rapid growth of deep learning, more efficient tools capable of learning semantic, high-level, deeper features of images are proposed. In this article, we investigated the task of pedestrian detection on roads using models based on convolutional neural networks. We compared the performance of standard state-of-the-art object detectors like Faster region-based convolutional network (R-CNN), single shot detector (SSD), and you only look once, version 3 (YOLOv3). Results show that YOLOv3 is the best object detection model than others for pedestrians in terms of detection and time prediction.]]>
<![CDATA[Tri-modal technique for medical images enhancement ]]>
<![CDATA[Kamoli Akinwale Amusa]]>;
<![CDATA[Olumayowa Ayodeji Idowu]]>;
<![CDATA[Isaiah Adediji Adejumobi]]>;
<![CDATA[Gboyega Augustine Adebayo]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v11.i3.pp199-210
<![CDATA[Owing to methods of acquisition, medical images often require enhancement for them to serve the intended purpose of computer-aided diagnosis. Most medical image enhancement techniques are application specific, leading to the introduction of different enhancement methods for different medical images. In addition, the execution time of most of the previous enhancement methods is longer than necessary. Hence, there is a need for a method that produces fast and satisfactory results when deployed for the enhancement of several medical images. This paper proposes a tri-modal technique, involving a hybrid combination of unsharp masking, logarithmic transformation, and histogram equalization approaches, for medical image enhancement. Three classes of medical images: X-ray, magnetic resonance, and computer tomographic images are used for the evaluations of the proposed tri-modal method, where absolute mean brightness error, peak signal-to-noise ratio, and entropy are utilized as performance metrics. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations reveal that the proposed tri-modal method performed better than the four previous methods in the literature for the three classes of medical images used in the evaluation. Also, the execution time of the tri-modal technique compares well with those of mono-mode methods. Thus, the tri-modal technique produces better enhanced medical images from different medical image inputs.]]>
<![CDATA[Recent developments in offshore wind energy systems: Technologies and practices ]]>
<![CDATA[Saravanan Vasudevan]]>;
<![CDATA[Venkatachalam Moorthy Kondayampalayam]]>;
<![CDATA[Arumugam Murugesan]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v11.i3.pp220-231
<![CDATA[This paper deals with offshore wind power generation technologies, power transmission and grid communication features, and associated power system studies for effective implementation of offshore wind energy systems, explaining its various stages of implementation. Also, this paper reviews the latest trends in offshore wind energy systems, addressing various aspects like large wind farm siting, power evacuation studies, cable selection, high-voltage direct current/flexible alternating current transmission systems (HVDC/FACTS) technology options, reliability evaluation, and autonomous monitoring. India's renewable power generation capacity through off-shore wind generation is also outlined to ensure low carbon energy emissions with improved energy efficiency. The policy and regulatory framework factors for reaching five gigawatts (GW) of offshore wind projects in the states of Tamil Nadu and Gujarat by the year 2032 using current methods and advanced technology are discussed here. This goal can be accomplished using current practices and advanced technologies. For effective implementation of offshore wind farms, suitable measures and likely actions by various stakeholders are suggested.]]>
<![CDATA[The k-nearest neighbor modelling by varying Mahalanobis and correlation in distance metric for agarwood oil quality classification ]]>
<![CDATA[Noor Syafina Mahamad Jainalabidin]]>;
<![CDATA[Aqib Fawwaz Mohd Amidon]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurlaila Ismail]]>;
<![CDATA[Zakiah Mohd Yusoff]]>;
<![CDATA[Saiful Nizam Tajuddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohd Nasir Taib]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v11.i3.pp242-252
<![CDATA[Agarwood oil is well known for its unique scent and has many usages; as an incense, as ingredient in perfume, is burnt during religious ceremonies and is used in traditional medical preparation. Therefore, agarwood oil has high demand and is traded at different price based on its quality. Basically, the oil quality is classified by using physical properties (odor and color) and this technique has several problems: not consistent in term of accuracy. Thus, this study presented a new technique to classify the quality of agarwood oil based on chemical properties. The work focused on the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) modelling by varying Mahalanobis and correlation in distance metric for agarwood oil quality classification. It involved of 96 samples of agarwood oil, data pre-processing (data randomization, data normalization, and data division to testing and training datasets) and the development of k-NN model. The training dataset is used to train the k-NN model, and the testing dataset is used to test the developed model. During the model development, Mahalanobis and correlation are varied in k-NN distance metric. The k-NN values are ranging from 1 to 10. Several performance criteria including resubstitution error (closs), cross-validation error (kloss) and accuracy were applied to measure the performance of the built k-NN model. All the analytical work was performed via MATLAB software version R2020a. The result showed that the accuracy of Mahalanobis distance metric has a better performance compared to correlation from k = 1 to k = 5 with the value of 100.00%. This finding is important as it proved the capabilities of k-NN modelling in classifying the agarwood oil quality. Not limited to that, it also contributed to the agarwood oil research area as well as its industry.]]>
