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CORD
Published by International Coconut Community
ISSN : 02151162     EISSN : 27218856     DOI : 10.37833/cord
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Library & Information Science
Aims CORD aims to publish original research results and reviews on research and development. While encouraging those involved in research and developments to disseminate their finding it also assists policy makers and planners to be aware of the latest developments in the sector Scope CORD encompasses a broad range of research topics in animal sciences: seedlings and genetics, farming, harvesting, production, health, biotechnology, and production, socio-economic, and policy.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 20 No 1 (2004): CORD" : 10 Documents clear
Coconut hispine beetle Brontispa longissima (Gestro) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Singh, S. P.; Rethinam, Ponniah
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 20 No 1 (2004): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v20i01.376

Abstract

Coconut hispine beetle, Brontispa longissima (Gestro) was originally described from the Aru Islands (Maluku Province). It is native to Indonesia (Aru Islands, Maluku Province and possibly to Papua Province formerly known as Irian Jaya), and also to Papua New Guinea, including the Bismarck Archipelago, where it seldom causes serious problems. It has now spread widely in Asia, Australasia and Pacific Islands attacking not only coconut palm but also several other cultivated and wild palms. In recent times it has spread to Singapore, Vietnam, Nauru, Thailand, Maldives and Hainan Island (China). In the absence of natural antagonists it has become a very serious and devastating pest in new areas of its spread. It is feared that B. longissima will find its way from Maldives to Sri Lanka and southern parts of India to derail the economy of these important coconut-growing regions of the world. Thus emergency operations are necessary to try to decimate it down in the Maldives. A number of natural enemies such as Hispidophila (Haeckeliania) brontispae Ferriere, Ooncyrtus podontiae Gahan, Trichogrammatoidea nana Zehntner, Tetrastichus brontispae Ferriere, Asecodes hispinarum Boucek, Chrysonotomyia sp., Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin, Chelisoches morio Fabricius, Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricious), mites on adults (Anoplocelaeno sp. and Celaenopsis sp.), geckoes, skinks, tree frog and unidentified bacterial pathogen have been recorded. Biological control by introduction and enhancement of parasitoids- A. hispinarum and T. brontispae has proved very effective. Similarly spray of improved strains of entomopathogenic fungus, M. anisopliae has proved effective. Exploratory surveys for parasitoids in the original home of B. longissima are suggested.
FIRST RECORD OF THE INCIDENCE OF THE COCONUT MITE, ACERIA (ERIOPHYES) GUERRERONIS KEIFER IN NIGERIA C.I. Aisagbonhi; R.V. Nair; K.O. Kolade
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 20 No 1 (2004): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v20i01.377

Abstract

In continuation of the search for the causes of premature nutfall of coconut palms in Nigeria, samples of fresh fallen nuts were examined under the microscope. Coconut palms (Chowghot Dwarf green (Indian), Malayian Dwarf yellow and Malayian Dwarf orange were surveyed between May to August 2003. The button stage nuts and premature nuts that recently fell on the ground were picked and conveyed back to the laboratory. The perianth (calyx ends) of each nut were split opened and examined under the microscope for presence of mites. Aceria(Eriophyes)guerreronis population were assessed per nut. All three ecotypes examined were infested. Preliminary observations indicated a mean mite population of 187.94 + 17.92 per nut sampled.Mealybugs (Pseudococcus sp) and some unidentified mites were also observed. The role of these mites in the incidence of premature nutfall of coconut palms is discussed in this paper.
Microbiological properties of root zone of coconut grown in different soil series in Sri Lanka K.S.K.S. Fernando; N.A. Tennakoon; S. Widanapathirana
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 20 No 1 (2004): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v20i01.378

Abstract

In Sri Lanka, coconut is cultivated under diverse soil conditions of varying fertility status available in different agro-climatic zones. Although chemical and physical characteristics in some of these soils are known, their biological properties are yet to be studied. Hence the aim of this study was to determine the microbiological parameters in root zone of coconut grown in different soil series. For this study, 20 different soil series in coconut growing area were analyzed for number of total bacterial and fungal colonies, identification of bacteria and fungi, biomass C and N; CO2 evolution and nitrogen mineralization. The microbiological parameters varied with the soil series. The bacterial population densities were significantly (p=0.001) high in Ambakelle, Kalpitiya, Rathupasa and Madampe soil series while the fungal colonies were significantly (p=0.001) high in Thambarawa, Pallama, Wilatawa and Ambakelle soil series.
INFLUENCE OF DRIP IRRIGATION ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF COD X WCT COCONUT (COCOS NUCIFERA L.) HYBRID R. Dhanapal; H. P. Maheswarappa; P. Subramanian; Ajay Kumar Upadhyay
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 20 No 1 (2004): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v20i01.379

Abstract

A field experiment on drip irrigation for Chowghat Orange Dwarf X West Coast Tall (COD X WCT) coconut hybrid was conducted in laterite soil at Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod (Kerala, India) to study the drip irrigation requirement and its influence on growth and yield. The treatments included were three levels of drip irrigation (at 33, 66 and 100% E0 daily), basin irrigation (100% E0) and rainfed control. The experimental results revealed that annual leaf production and leaf nutrient status of coconut palm was significantly higher in the irrigated treatments compared to the rainfed control. The female flower production and nut yield with 66 per cent of Eo was on par with 100 per cent of Eo through drip and 100 per cent of Eo through basin irrigation and significantly superior compared to drip irrigation at 33 per cent of E0 and rainfed control. Drip irrigation equal to 66 per cent of open pan evaporation (Eo) proved to be the economically efficient method of irrigation with water saving of 34 per cent compared to 100 per cent of Eo through basin and drip method.
MODELS OF TRAPS FOR THE COCONUT PESTS RHYNCOPHORUS BILINEATUS AND SCAPANES AUSTRALIS AND THEIR TRAPPING EFFICIENCY IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA Titus Kakul; Dr. S. Laup; Mr. R. N. B. Prior; Dr. Didier Rochat; Dr. Jean Paul Morin; P. Gende; S. Embupa; Dr. L. Ollivier
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 20 No 1 (2004): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v20i01.380

Abstract

The beetle pests Scapanes australis, Oryctes rhinocerous and Rhyncophorus bilineatus have been major constraints to coconut production in the Islands region of Papua New Guinea for the last 30 years. Efficient synthetic attractants able to lure and trap all three beetles have been developed. This paper describes several trap designs developed at the Cocoa and Coconut Research Institute and the results obtained for their trapping efficiency in the laboratory and the field. A modification of the “Titus Bucket” trap increased the number of R. bilineatus caught threefold and of female Scapanes twofold. PVC pipe traps caught more Scapanes than the modified “Titus Bucket” trap.
PRESENCE AND INOCULUM DENSITY OF Phytophthora IN DIFFERENT COCONUT CULTIVARS IN DAVAO RESEARCH CENTER (DRC) N.C.S.J. Bachiller
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 20 No 1 (2004): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v20i01.381

Abstract

Presence of Phytophthora palmivora was both obtained in the soil samples and organic debris layed in leaf axil of coconut. Block planted to CAMT x MRD hybrid had the highest number of Phytophthora propagules (2.0). This was followed by CAMT (1.4) and KINGD (1.1). Aromatic and Catigan Green Dwarf had the least Phytopthora propagules collected. Isolation of Phytophthora from the soil samples and organic debris from leaf axil was done thru dilution plate and baiting method respectively using six month old Malayan Red Dwarf (MRD) nuts. Highest infection (100%) on bait nuts was also obtained in CAMT x MRD hybrid 3.5 days after inoculation. Reisolation of Phytophthora from bait nuts gave positive results. Morphological characterization of the sporangium showed considerable variation in shapes and size. More Phytophthora propagules was obtained in soil samples collected in areas previously planted with Malayan Yellow Dwarf x West African Tall (MAWA). Phytophthora palmivora is basically a soil borne pathogen but could easily be transported by wind and rainsplash, tent building ants and flying beetles,.
NEW WAY OF CONTROLLING Oryctes monoceros (COLEOPTERA, DYNASTIDAE), A COCONUT PEST IN GHANA René Philippe; S.K. Dery
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 20 No 1 (2004): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v20i01.382

Abstract

Oryctes monoceros is one of the most dangerous pests in young coconut and oil palm plantings throughout West Africa. This species is controlled using different methods that can be applied in combination as part of IPM. The first naturally involves eliminating all larva sites, consisting of dead or felled coconut or oil palm stems. Rapidly covering felled stems with a cover crop can keep the populations of this pest down to a very low level. When adults attack, frequent monitoring of young plantings is recommended, as is the removal of adults from their galleries using a metal mini-harpoon. Chemical control with Lambda-Cyhalothrin reduces damage to seedlings, particularly as that product has good repellent properties. It remains effective for around a month. Physical control has been developed, using old fishing nets rolled into balls and inserted in the axils of young fronds. This method is highly effective, cheaper than other types of control, does not pollute and is not toxic for handlers. Adults trapped by the rolled up fishing nets, which eventually die, attract other adults that are trapped in turn, thereby increasing the efficiency of the method.
PHEROMONE SYNERGISTS AS CO-ATTRACTANT FOR OLFACTORY TRAPPING OF SCAPANES AUSTRALIS BSDV. (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE) PEST OF COCONUT IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA Titus Kakul; Didier Rochat; Jean Paul Morin; P. Gende; S. Embupa; L. Ollivier
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 20 No 1 (2004): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v20i01.383

Abstract

Olfactory trapping of Scapanes australis is being studied to develop it to complement existing control methods. Components required were traps, pheromone and pheromone synergist. The first two have been developed while field trials carried out to determine an efficient synergist co-attractant is reported. Synthetic synergist mixtures of compounds emitted from fermenting sugarcane were tested in comparison to split stalk of garden grown sugarcane and split bulb of nursery coconut. Some of the mixtures produced synergistic effect similar to sugarcane but lower than split bulb of coconut. Placing live Scapanes adult inside the stalk of sugarcane increased catches similar to the split bulb of coconut. This will enable the formulation of an efficient tool of beetle control.
Phytoplasma diseases of coconut in India - root (wilt) and tatipaka diseases J.J. Solomon; L. Geetha
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 20 No 1 (2004): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v20i01.384

Abstract

Root (wilt) and Tatipaka diseases in India are caused by phytoplasma. Lethal yellowing disease in Caribbean region, Lethal yellowing like disease in west and east Africa and Coconut stem necrosis.in Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia are phytoplasma induced diseases of coconut in other continents. Root wilt disease in India was first reported from Kerala in 1874.Tatipaka disease was first noticed in Andhra Pradesh after the 1949 cyclone. The progress made on various aspects including history, nature of spread, description of external & internal symptoms, etiology abiotic factors, biotic agents implicated in transmission of disease, culturing, chemotherapy, screening of coconut germplasm, breeding for disease resistance/tolerance and disease management is detailed.
PRESENCE AND INOCULUM DENSITY OF Phytophthora IN, DIFFERENT COCONUT CULTIVARS IN DAVAO, PHILIPPINES N.C.S.J. Bachiller
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 20 No 1 (2004): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v20i01.385

Abstract

Phytophthora palmivora was present in the soil samples and organic debris deposited in leaf axil of coconut. Block planted with CAMT x MRD hybrid had the highest number of Phytophthora propagules (2.0) followed by CAMT (1.4) and KINGD (1.1). Aromatic and Catigan Green Dwarf had the least Phytopthora propagules. Isolation of Phytophthora from the soil samples and organic debris from leaf axil was done through dilution plate and baiting method respectively using six month old Malayan Red Dwarf (MRD) nuts. Highest infection (100%) on bait nuts was also obtained in CAMT x MRD hybrid 3.5 days after inoculation. Reisolation of Phytophthora from bait nuts gave positive results. Morphological characterization of the sporangium showed considerable variation in shapes and size. More Phytophthora propagules was obtained in soil samples collected in areas previously planted with Malayan Yellow Dwarf x West African Tall (MAWA). Phytophthora palmivora is basically a soil borne pathogen but could easily be transported by wind and rainsplash, tent building ants and flying beetles.

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