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CORD
Published by International Coconut Community
ISSN : 02151162     EISSN : 27218856     DOI : 10.37833/cord
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Library & Information Science
Aims CORD aims to publish original research results and reviews on research and development. While encouraging those involved in research and developments to disseminate their finding it also assists policy makers and planners to be aware of the latest developments in the sector Scope CORD encompasses a broad range of research topics in animal sciences: seedlings and genetics, farming, harvesting, production, health, biotechnology, and production, socio-economic, and policy.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 27 No 1 (2011): CORD" : 6 Documents clear
Enhancement of Properties of Coir Geotextiles by Natural Rubber Latex Coating Nair, Lekshmi; Ravi, P. K.; Sarma, U. S.
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 27 No 1 (2011): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (368.352 KB) | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v27i1.119

Abstract

Coir geotextiles find application in revegetation of slopes by stabilizing the soil through erosion control. It has been found that the longevity of coir geotextiles although highest among all the natural fibres, it is required to last for at least 5 years so as to sustain the vegetation on the slopes for a long term solution. Normally it is found that coir geotextiles lose their 50% strength in 6 months in contact with soil, therefore it is required to strengthen the coir geotextiles. This work involves the coating of coir geotextiles with natural rubber latex which could enhance the longevity of coir geotextiles in various civil/bio engineering applications. The rubber latex coated coir geotextiles which are eco-friendly have superior mechanical properties and better durability compared to the conventional uncoated coir geotextiles. This paper reports the coating of coir geotextile using natural rubber latex and a comparative study of the physical and mechanical properties of the treated and untreated coir geotextiles.
Coconut Palms on the Edge of the Desert: Genetic Diversity of Cocos nucifera L. in Oman Perera, Lalith; Baudouin, Luc; Bourdeix, Roland; Fadhil, Anwar Bait; Hountondji, Fabien C. C.; Al-Shanfari, Abdulaziz
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 27 No 1 (2011): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (241.905 KB) | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v27i1.120

Abstract

In the Gulf region, coconuts are almost exclusively produced from palms growing in the Sultanate of Oman, particularly in the extreme south-eastern coastal plain of the Dhofar Governorate, and specifically within the city limits of Salalah, between the Jebel and the sea. The importance of these coconuts is not only agricultural; historically, the Dhofar palms provided the basic materials to build boats for fishermen and traders on, around and eventually beyond the Indian Ocean. Coconut palms are now one of the main symbols of Salalah city and play a role in both the tourist industry and urban landscaping. In early 2009, twenty-nine sites, representing Oman coconuts on beaches and cultivated lands were chosen from the Dhofar region. COGENT descriptors and DNA analysis were used for the purpose of identifying coconut germplasm available in Oman. The presence was confirmed of varieties that were imported during the 1980s, such as Yellow Dwarf, Green Dwarf and King coconut from Sri Lanka, as well as Malayan Yellow Dwarf and F1 hybrids. The local Oman Tall has the same phenotypic characteristics as other coconuts of South Asia, East and West Africa, the Caribbean and the Atlantic coast of South America. Microsatellite markers, however, reveal a substantial genetic contribution of the South-East Asian coconuts, at levels that are comparable to those found in the Comoros and Madagascar coconuts. Hypotheses about the ancestry of the Oman Tall coconuts are discussed; two genepools are indicated, consecutively involving natural selection, dissemination by floating, domestic selection and dispersal by boat.
Rapid and Cost-effective Embryo Culture Technique for Commercial Production of Makapuno Seedlings Orense, Osmundo D.; Rillo, Erlinda P.; Imperial, Leo Alexie P.; Cueto, Cristeta A.; Lobos, Angelica A.; Areza, Maria Buena B.
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 27 No 1 (2011): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (845.784 KB) | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v27i1.121

Abstract

An embryo cultured Makapuno (ECM) production scheme which is simpler, faster and more low-cost than the current protocol has been developed. With improvements in the ex vitro establishment environment, the cut-off age for in vitro stage of seedlings before they can be transferred to soil has been lowered from 7 to 4 months resulting in a shorter ECM production cycle from 13 to 10 months. The improvements simplified the current ECM production technique by doing away with several complicated in vitro cultural practices and ex vitro establishment steps. Overall, the new ECM production scheme lowered the cost of production resulting in more affordable ECM seedlings for the farmers. Financial analysis of a 10 year ECM seedling production venture projected much higher Internal Rate of Return, Benefit Cost Ratio and Net Present Value as well as shorter Payback Period with the use of the new ECM production scheme. With the new scheme, the break-even prices using marginal and full-cost operations were approximately 4 to 8 times lower than the current selling price for ECM seedlings. With these results, it is expected that more entrepreneurs will take up the technology for commercial production with a consequent massive planting of ECM and greater production of Makapuno in the country.
Development of Low Cost Coconut Water Vinegar Making Process and Evaluation of “Generator Process” to Accelerate the Acetification Gunathilake, K. D. P. P.; Fernando, J. A. K. M.; Jayawickrama, D. S.
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 27 No 1 (2011): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (212.558 KB) | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v27i1.122

Abstract

Attempts were made to develop an appropriate low cost vinegar making technique and evaluate the physico-chemical, microbial and sensory qualities of the product. Coconut water was adjusted to four different levels of sugar levels (12%, 15%, 17%, and 20%) and pasteurized sweetened coconut water was allowed for alcoholic fermentation for one week by addition of baker’s yeast and then for acetic fermentation by addition of raw vinegar at 10%. Changes in alcohol %, titratable acidity, pH and yeast and mold count were determined periodically. Best treatment was selected for evaluation of the vinegar generator. Vinegar generator consists of a feeding device, an acetifier and a receiving trough. The acetifier was filled up with maize cobs soaked with mother vinegar. The maximum alcohol content was observed in 17° TSS coconut water sample on 5th day (9%) of alcohol fermentation and the same sample achieved the highest acetic acid level during acetic fermentation period. Results indicated that vinegar generator accelerates the conversion of alcohol to acetic acid within 5 cycles or runs. It takes about 32 hours to obtain the 4% acetic level. Sensory evaluation was done to determine the acceptability of product using 30 untrained panelists. Sensory evaluation revealed that coconut toddy vinegar and coconut water vinegar were highly acceptable for aroma, taste, color, appearance and overall acceptability. Mature coconut water can be used to produce vinegar with the aid of vinegar generator for accelerating the production process.
Development of Technology and Popularization of Biological Control Agents for Integrated Management of Coconut Leaf Rot Disease Srinivasan, N.; Chandramohanan, R.; Bharathi, R.; Radhika, N. S.; Issak, Shanty
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 27 No 1 (2011): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1517.527 KB) | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v27i1.123

Abstract

Coconut is an important social crop of livelihood concern for millions of small- medium farmers. Leaf rot disease (due to a fungal complex-Colletotrichum gloeosoprioides, Exserohilum rostratum and Fusarium solani as major pathogens), in association with root (wilt), is a major problem of coconut in southern districts of Kerala besides certain districts in Tamil Nadu etc. Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) has evolved biological control technology for integrated management of leaf rot to improve the health of disease affected palms. Application of biocontrol agents in the disease affected areas was aimed for creation of widespread awareness on eco-friendly disease management, crop sustenance and in realizing human resource potential. Effective strains of biocontrol agents-Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma viride-were evolved, their multiplications in media including coconut water standardized and the antagonists’ processed into bioformulations (totally 2000 Kg. talc formulations evolved distributed/utilized). Coconut gardens and rural groups in various districts of southern Kerala (Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta, Kottayam, Idukki, Ernakulam and Thrissur), various blocks in Theni district besides specified blocks in Dindigul district of Tamil Nadu could be selected. Through effective contacts with extension-developmental agencies, coconut Research & Development (R&D) meetings etc. reached out to rural people and implemented the technology of mass production-use of biological control agents, and knowledge imparted to rural people. Conducted trainings and allied programmes by on-campus trainings (396 beneficiaries), off-campus trainings (1854 beneficiaries), household/field contacts of rural people (689 beneficiaries) and other awareness programmes encompassing lectures, interfaces etc. (661 beneficiaries) and enlightened women, rural people, youths etc. representing various locations (totally 3600 beneficiaries in three years). Field demonstrations of disease management with biological control agents in coconut gardens (55 units) besides clusters-compact gardens (1850 coconut palms) were also done. Also, promotional materials were made available to various stakeholders. An innovative participatory programme implementation approach for technology transfer was the outcome of the work. Creation of widespread awareness, percolation of knowledge on biocontrol agents to women and other rural people could be visualized that would go a long way.
Gradient Outbreak of Coconut Slug Caterpillar, Macroplectra nararia Moore in East Coast of India Rajan, P.; Josephrajkumar, A.; Sujatha, A.
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 27 No 1 (2011): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (309.876 KB) | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v27i1.124

Abstract

Gradient outbreak of coconut slug caterpillar. Macroplectra nararia Moore (Limacodidae: Lepidoptera) in East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh during April-May 2009 is closely interlinked with rise in ambient temperature and humidity along the water bodies. This favoured large scale explosion of pest population leading to widespread damage in coconut plantations ranging from 90-95% in severely affected gardens, indicating the sporadic nature of the pest. Exacerbation by grey leaf blight fungus, Pestalotiopsis palmarum accelerated the damage causing rampant scorching of coconut leaflets in pest affected gardens. In the field, some caterpillars were found infected by entomopathogens. Light trapping is suggested as an effective monitoring tool and a feasible mechanical control strategy of the pest.

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