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INDONESIA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim
Published by Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya lahan Pertanian
ISSN : 14107244     EISSN : 27227723     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jti.v44n1.2020.19-29
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal TANAH dan IKLIM memuat hasil-hasil penelitian bidang tanah dan iklim dari para peneliti baik dari dalam maupun dari luar Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Jurnal ini juga dapat memuat informasi singkat yang berisi tulisan mengenai teknik dan peralatan baru ataupun hasil sementara penelitian tanah dan iklim.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "No 31 (2010): Juli 2010" : 6 Documents clear
MANAGEMENT ALLOWABLE DEPLETION (MAD) LEVEL FOR WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF CHILI ON TYPIC KANHAPLUDULTS AT TAMANBOGO, LAMPUNG HARYATI, UMI; SINUKABAN, N; MURTILAKSONO, K; ABDURACHMAN, ADI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 31 (2010): Juli 2010
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n31.2010.%p

Abstract

Water scarcity is the main factor causing crop production decrease and harvest failure in the upland areas. To improve water use efficiency by plants, Management Allowable Depletion (MAD) concept can be applied. MAD is the degree of soil dryness that still lead to optimum crop yied. This research was aimed to: 1) determine a correct MAD-level in order to achieve the optimum water use efficiency and 2) evaluate the effect of irrigation water sources on water use efficiency. The research was carried out on a Typic Kanhapludults at Tamanbogo Experimental station, East Lampung in dry season of 2005. Chili (Capsicum annum) was use as an indicator crop. The size of experimental plot was 5 x 10 m, that was arranged in split-plot design with 3 replications. The treatments were irrigation water sources designed as main plot which consisted of: A1 = ground water A2 = surface water, while MAD-level was designed as sub-plot, which consisted of : I1 = 20% of available water, I2 = 40% of available water, I3 = 60% of available water, I4 = 80% of available water, and I5 = 100% of available water. Irrigation was provided to reach 80, 60, 40, and 20% available water respectively. For the I5 treatment, irrigation was applied every day. The results showed that MAD-level of 60% of available water (I3) with the average of 9.6 mm of irrigation water, applied every three days, gave themost optimum crop yield and water use, thus achieving the highest water use efficiency. The surface irrigation water had a better quality than ground water,leading to a better plant growth, a higher crop yield and a higher water use efficiency than ground water
Subsurface Flow and Dissolve Organic Carbon (DOC) Pathways in a Forested Headwater Catchment K SUBAGYONO; T TANAKA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 31 (2010): Juli 2010
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n31.2010.%p

Abstract

Soils under forested catchment are generally rich in organic matter, yet the role of organic soil layers in flow governing hydrochemical processes has rarely studied. Understanding the subsurface process and the role of rich organic matter at A horizon has been studied in Kawakami forestedheadwater catchment in Nagano prefecture, Central Japan from August 2000 to August 2001. The catchment is dominated by Inceptisols with 0.2-0.3 m of peat covering the soil in the riparian zone. Oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch) and bamboo grass (Sasa nipponica) are dominant vegetation in the catchment. The study is aimed to elucidate (a) can dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pathways be an indicator for tracing subsurface flow in a forested headwater catchment?, and (b) how does flushing effect the dynamic of DOC concentration?. Hydrometric and dynamic behavior of DOC as well as its variation were recorded in atransect across hillslope and riparian zone. The results showed that DOC has a specific trend across the riparian and the hillslope areas. During baseflow condition, DOC decreased with depth and away from the stream channel. The change in DOC concentration was clearly controlled by the flow pattern. In the near surface riparian, where the lateral flow was relatively steady and sustained in the direction of the stream, may facilitate theflushing high concentration of DOC. In the riparian zone, DOC concentration at the surface horizons of 0.3 and 0.6 m depth tend to decrease near the peak storm, which attributed to flushing of its high concentration. Under the three components mixing model involving the near surface riparian, the deep riparian groundwater, and the hillslope soil water contributing to stormrunoff, DOC was in concave clockwise rotation with positive trend correspond to Evans and Davies (1998) case in which CNSR > CHSW > CDRG (C2 model). This was well confirmed with (a) the hydrochemistry data in which the concentration of DOC was higher in the near surface riparian zones, and (b) the hydrometric data in which the highest contributor to the storm runoff was the near surface riparian. The C2 model is the highest level offlushing in the sequence proposed by Evans and Davies (1998) confirming the highest control of the near surface riparian zone on the stream DOC concentrations.
Landuse Change Analysis in Relation to Hydrological Characteristic of Krueng Aceh Watershed . NASRULLAH; B. KARTIWA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 31 (2010): Juli 2010
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n31.2010.%p

Abstract

Landuse change at watershed area tend to increase its intensity according to space and time, as logical consequence of development activity and high resident growth rate. The increase of this intensity can bring negetive influence to hydrological conditions i.e: the increasing of peak discharge, discharge fluctuation between dry and wet season, run off coefficient andalso drought and flooding. Remote sensing, technology based on time and series of spatial satelite image, is the best methodology for observing landuse change. This method is more accurate, faster and cheaper than classic method through aerial photograph analysis. The aims of this research are to identify and characterize watershed outlet, to evaluate land cover change and to establish the discharge model as function of land cover change scenarios. This research was conducted from January to December 2005 at Krueng Aceh watershed, Nangroe Aceh Darussalam Province. This activity was covered identification and characterization of watershed outlet, including determination of the AWLR installation point, measurement of river cross section, and also measurement of waterflow velocity. Other activities are image satelite and landuse change analysis. Meanwhile dailydischarge simulation was conducted using a model base on GIS that correlated with land cover change scenarios. Discharge simulation according to scenario 3 (forest is decreasing 50%, mixed garden and bare soil are decreasing 25%, paddy field and settlement is increasing 400%) shows that rainfall event about 29.4 mm on July 31, 2002 and 64 mm on October 29, 2002 stimulate peak discharge of 66.3 and 161.9 m3 s-1, or increasing 21.6 an
THE USE OF MINERAL AND ORGANIC SOIL CONDITIONER TO IMPROVE SOIL QUALITY OF TYPIC KANHAPLUDULTS TAMANBOGO, LAMPUNG DARIAH, AI; SUTONO, .; NURIDA, NENENG LAILA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 31 (2010): Juli 2010
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n31.2010.%p

Abstract

As soil conditioner, there are many functions of organic matter that would not be replaced by mineral material. Therefore, mineral soil conditioner is better focused on increasing quality of organic soil conditioner. The objective of the research was to obtain the effectiveness of soil conditioner formula (organic matter and zeolit) and its application technique (dose and phase application) in improving soil quality. The research was conducted at KP Tamanbogo, Lampung for three seasons (2006/2007). The experiment employed a split plot design with three reflications. Application techniques of soil conditioner (dose and phase aplication) as main plots and three types formula of soil conditioner as sub plots. Corn was used as test crop. Parameters observed were plant growth and production, and changes in soil properties. The results showed that soil conditioner that applied on Typic kanhapludults could significantly increased corn growth and yield. Soil conditioner with higher organic matter proportion has better effect on corn growth and yield as well as on physical soil properties, which indicated by soil permeability and aggregate stability. The addition of 20% of zeolit in soil conditioner formula increased soil microorganism activities, but the additional up to 30% decrease microorganism activities. The changes of organic matter and zeolit proportion in soil conditioner has significantly effect on soil pH and N content, but has no significantly effect on P, K content, and CEC. Compared to innitial soil condition, application of soil conditioner could increase CEC from <4 cmolc kg-1 to 5.85 cmolc kg-1 respectively. Soil conditioner was better to be applied periodically but must be done every season. For degraded soil such as at KP. Tamanbogo, soil conditioner was applied with 10 t ha-1 dose for innitial rehabilitation process, hereinafter with 5 t ha-1 annual crop season dose.
TEMPORAL AND SEASONAL VARIATION OF SEDIMENT MOVEMENT IN THE TERRACED PADDY FIELDS SYSTEM SUKRISTIYONUBOWO, .; SETYORINI, D
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 31 (2010): Juli 2010
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n31.2010.%p

Abstract

Temporal and seasonal variation of sediment movement in terraced paddy fields has been studied at Keji Village, in Semarang District for the Wet Season 2003-04 and the Dry Season 2004. Twelve terraced paddy fields with different number and size of terraces were used in this research,corresponding to four treatments and three replications. Terraces were flat, different in size, and descending to the river. The objective was to study the temporal and seasonal variations of sediment movement during rice growth in the wet season and the dry season. Measurements were conducted in the four treatments being tested including Farmer Practices, Farmer Practices + Rice Straw, Improved Technology, and Improved Technology + Rice Straw. Sampling and measuring of irrigation water discharge and suspended sediment were carried out at puddling, before planting, vegetative stage, and at generative stage. The highest temporal discharge as well as sediment concentration of irrigation water and suspended sediment both in wet and dry seasons were observed at the puddling stage and significantly different with the following rice growth stages. In contrast, the lowest temporal discharge and sediment concentration were found at the vegetative stage. Seasonal discharge and sediment concentration of irrigation water and suspended sediment in wet season were higher than in dry season. The highest incoming and outgoing sediments both in wet and dry season were observed at the vegetative stage and significantly different at generative stage, planting and puddling. The amount of seasonal incoming sediment were 4,422 ± 361 and 1,779 ± 126 kg ha-1 and the outgoing sediment were 3,345 ± 258 and 1,400 ± 113 kg ha-1 for the wet season 2003-04 and dry season 2004, respectively. The surplus of incoming sediment by outgoing sediment demonstrates the environmental services provided by terraced paddy fields system.
Rehabilitation of Degraded Land using Paddy Straw Compost and Peat for Agriculture Purposes SANTUN R.P SITORUS; H SOEWANDITA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 31 (2010): Juli 2010
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n31.2010.%p

Abstract

The objectives of the research were to study: (1) the influence of peat and paddy straw compost on crop growth and production, and (2) the influence of residual effect of peat and paddy straw compost application on soil chemical characteristics. The research was conducted at Cikembang, Sukabumi; Cikabayan, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor; and Rasau Jaya,Pontianak, respectively. Soil analysis was conducted at soil laboratory of Department of Soil Science and Land Resource, IPB and Soil Research Centre, Bogor. The research area was degraded grass land located at 300 m above sea level with slope less than 15%. Factorial Design with two replications was used with soybean var. Slamet as an indicator crop. Treatments comprise peat and paddy straw compost, each with five dosesi.e. for peat : 0 t ha-1, 7 t ha-1, 14 t ha-1, 21 t ha-1, and 28 t ha-1, respectively and for paddy straw compost 0 t ha-1, 10 t ha-1, 20 t ha-1, 30 t ha-1, and 40 t ha-1. Observation was carried out for crop height, grain dry weight, and soil chemical characteristics after harvesting. The results showed that application of peat and paddy straw compost significantly increased crop height and production of soya bean. Application of single 40 t ha-1 paddy straw compost significantly increase the highest grain dry weight. The rehabilitation effort was also increase soil fertility status. Residue of paddy straw compost and peat application was significantly increase soil chemical characteristics i.e.: organic-C, N, P2O5, K2O, Ca, Mg, and Base saturation of the soil. The highest N, P2O5, K2O, Ca, Mg, CEC, and base saturation of the soil was found in application of single paddy straw with doses of 40 t ha-1. Application of paddy straw compost fordegraded land increased soya bean production and rehabilitated of soil condition better than application of peat.

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