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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Health, Science, Education, Agriculture, Art, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Chemistry Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences Other
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English. Academia Open is an open access journal publishing scientifically accurate and valuable research across life, physical, social, and medical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 230 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December" : 230 Documents clear
Using Static Magnetic Field to Overcome Salt Stress in Maize Seeds Hadi, Tamara Sabah; Kareem , Mohammad Salman
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12893

Abstract

General Background: Salinity stress is a major environmental factor limiting crop productivity worldwide, particularly affecting early growth and germination stages in maize (Zea mays L.), a crop vital for food security and industry. Specific Background: Recent advances in agricultural biophysics have highlighted magnetic field treatment as a safe, cost-effective method to stimulate plant physiological responses and improve stress tolerance. However, its mechanisms and efficacy under salinity conditions remain insufficiently explored. Knowledge Gap: Few studies have systematically assessed the effect of static magnetic fields on maize germination and seedling vigor under salt-induced osmotic stress. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of static magnetic field pretreatment on maize seed germination, seedling growth, and proline accumulation under varying salinity levels. Results: Exposure to 100 mT for two hours significantly enhanced germination percentage, seedling vigor, proline content, and field emergence compared to untreated controls, particularly under 2000 mg/L NaCl stress. Novelty: The findings demonstrate that static magnetic fields can mitigate the negative effects of salt stress by promoting physiological resilience without chemical intervention. Implications: This technique provides an eco-friendly strategy to improve maize establishment and productivity in saline-prone agricultural systems.Highlight : Exposure of maize seeds to static magnetic field enhanced germinability under salinity stress conditions. Magnetic pretreatment improved seedling vigor, proline content, and field emergence. The 100 mT for two hours treatment showed the best performance in mitigating salt stress. Keywords : Maize, Magnetic Field, Salinity, Germinability, Field Emergence
The Assessment of the Influence of Risk Factors on Arterial Hypertension Bozorovna, Rajabova Dilafro‘z
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12894

Abstract

General Background: Arterial hypertension (AH) remains one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases globally and a leading contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Specific Background: Despite extensive research on individual determinants, little is known about the combined impact of behavioral, biological, and lifestyle factors in rural populations within specific sociocultural settings such as Uzbekistan. Knowledge Gap: Existing studies have largely focused on isolated risk factors, overlooking their synergistic effects and limited data from Central Asian populations undergoing rapid lifestyle transitions. Aims: This study aimed to assess the influence of major risk factors—including obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, and salt consumption—on the prevalence of arterial hypertension among adults in rural Uzbekistan. Results: A cross-sectional survey involving 6,644 adults revealed that 57.8% had at least one major risk factor. Obesity, overweight, genetic predisposition, and smoking were significant predictors with relative risks of 10, 8.3, 2.2, and 1.92, respectively. Hypertension prevalence was up to 4.5–5 times higher in overweight individuals. Novelty: The study provides the first comprehensive analysis of multiple concurrent risk factors for hypertension within a Central Asian context. Implications: These findings underscore the urgent need for community-based interventions focusing on weight control, physical activity, dietary modification, and smoking cessation to reduce hypertension prevalence and improve cardiovascular outcomes.Highlight : The study identifies obesity and overweight as the main determinants of arterial hypertension. It stresses lifestyle modification such as reducing smoking and increasing physical activity. The findings emphasize prevention and health education, especially in rural communities. Keywords : Arterial Hypertension, Risk Factors, Obesity, Smoking, Blood Pressure
Digital Marketing Physiognomy and Their Impact on Marketing Future Products Al-Taie, Yousef Hchaim; Kashkool, Hussein Muhammad Ali
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12899

Abstract

General Background: In the rapidly evolving digital business landscape, organizations must understand customer behaviors and anticipate market trends to remain competitive. Specific Background: Digital marketing foresight has emerged as a crucial competency, integrating analytical, cognitive, and behavioral capacities that enable marketers to predict and respond to future customer demands. Knowledge Gap: However, there is limited empirical research, particularly in emerging markets such as Iraq, examining how employees’ digital marketing insights directly influence the marketing of future products. Aims: This study investigates the relationship between digital marketing insight dimensions—deep customer knowledge, mental empowerment, digital inspiration, and sensibility—and the marketing of future products within Asiacell Telecommunications Company. Results: Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) on 476 valid responses, findings reveal a significant positive correlation between digital marketing insights and future product marketing dimensions, including digital, adaptable, novel, and unexpected products. Novelty: The study introduces empirical evidence on how online customer service employees’ digital awareness translates into innovative and adaptive marketing outcomes. Implications: These results highlight the strategic importance of enhancing employees’ digital foresight to foster sustainable innovation, strengthen competitiveness, and align future product development with evolving customer expectations.Highlight : The study identifies a significant positive relationship between digital marketing insights and marketing of future products. Employee understanding of digital customers and mental empowerment improve innovation and adaptability. Asiacell gains a competitive advantage by developing digital foresight among its customer service employees. Keywords : Digital Marketing Insights, Marketing of Future Products, Digital Customer Service Employees, Asiacell
Basic Evaluation of Solar Energy Utilization in Gas Pressure Reduction Stations for Fuel Consumption Reduction Ismael, Dheyaa Abdulameer
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12901

Abstract

General Background: Natural gas pressure reduction stations (PRS) consume fuel for gas preheating, causing CO₂ emissions. Specific Background: The Joule-Thomson effect cools gas during throttling, requiring continuous heating to prevent hydrates. Knowledge Gap: Few studies assess solar-assisted PRS performance under real conditions. Aims: This study evaluates parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) with thermal storage for preheating in PRS. Results: The system saves 40% fuel (256,000 m³/year), reduces CO₂ by 14,000 tons, and achieves 11.5% IRR with a 4.5-year payback. Novelty: It integrates validated transient modeling for practical scalability. Implications: Solar thermal integration provides an effective strategy to decarbonize gas infrastructure and enhance energy efficiency. Solar thermal integration in pressure reduction stations achieves 40% fuel savings and significant CO₂ emission reduction. The system shows strong economic performance with an IRR of 11.5% and a 4.5-year payback period. The approach supports sustainable and scalable solutions for gas infrastructure decarbonization. Keywords : Solar thermal energy, Natural gas pressure reduction, Fuel consumption reduction, Exergy analysis, CO₂ emissions
The Specificity of Treatment of Oral Mucosal Lesions Komilovna, Khamidova Guli
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12903

Abstract

General Background: Oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) are diverse pathological conditions affecting the oral cavity, ranging from benign inflammatory disorders to potentially malignant lesions. Their high prevalence and complex etiology make diagnosis and management challenging in clinical settings. Specific Background: Previous studies have shown significant diagnostic delays and inconsistent management approaches, often due to limited interdisciplinary collaboration and inadequate awareness among non-specialist practitioners. Knowledge Gap: Despite the clinical importance of OMLs, there remains a lack of comprehensive synthesis addressing the specificity of treatment—how therapeutic strategies should be adapted to lesion type, etiology, and patient characteristics. Aims: This study aims to systematically review and synthesize evidence on lesion-specific treatment strategies for OMLs from 2018–2024 to identify trends in therapeutic efficacy and patient outcomes.Results: Findings reveal that etiology-based treatments—such as corticosteroids and immunomodulators for autoimmune lesions, antifungal agents for infections, and lifestyle modifications for non-inflammatory lesions—achieve higher efficacy, fewer recurrences, and improved quality of life. Novelty: The study highlights the necessity of integrating personalized, etiology-specific, and interdisciplinary approaches within oral medicine practice. Implications: The results emphasize developing standardized clinical guidelines, incorporating oral medicine into general medical education, and advancing toward precision-based, patient-centered oral healthcare.Highlight : The study focuses on the specificity of treatment according to lesion type and underlying cause. It highlights the importance of personalized and interdisciplinary approaches in oral healthcare. The research supports precision-based and patient-centered management to improve outcomes. Keywords : oral mucosal lesions, special treatment, oral medicine, personalized treatment, interdisciplinary care
Innovative Model for Developing the Service System in the Agro-Industrial Complex Based on Clustering Principles Xamrokul, Ruziev; Marhabo, Shukurova; Usarqulova, Feruza
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12905

Abstract

General Background: The agro-industrial complex serves as a cornerstone of national economic stability, integrating agricultural production, processing, and distribution systems that ensure food security and rural development. Specific Background: Rapid globalization, technological change, and increasing competitiveness have revealed the inefficiency of conventional service infrastructures in agro-industrial systems, particularly in resource utilization, innovation adoption, and coordination among stakeholders. Knowledge Gap: Despite the global emphasis on clustering as a driver of competitiveness, there remains limited empirical and methodological understanding of how cluster-based service models can optimize performance through digital and economic integration in emerging economies such as Uzbekistan. Aims: This study aims to develop an innovative cluster-based model for agro-industrial service systems that enhances efficiency, technological independence, and competitiveness through mathematical modeling and digital monitoring tools. Results: The proposed model integrates key indicators—including technical independence, infrastructure competitiveness, socio-economic stability, and export potential—into a unified efficiency index supported by regression-based analysis. The findings demonstrate that implementing a Public-Private Partnership (PPP)-driven cluster framework enables balanced investment distribution, improved financial flow management, and enhanced innovation performance across the agro-industrial value chain. Novelty: The study introduces a digitally enabled cluster model governed by Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and data analytics, providing a new paradigm for evaluating and optimizing service systems in agro-industrial networks. Implications: The model offers a replicable framework for policymakers and practitioners to foster sustainable agro-industrial development, enhance investment attractiveness, and strengthen economic resilience in developing regions. Highlights: Introduces a cluster-based digital model to enhance agro-industrial efficiency. Develops a unified efficiency index integrating key economic and technical indicators. Promotes PPP-driven collaboration for sustainable and competitive agro-industrial growth. Keywords: Agro-industrial Cluster, Innovation, Competitiveness, Digital Model, Sustainability
Role of Hyaluronic Acid in Dental Implant Surgery Abdulkarem, Abdulazeez Muayad
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12919

Abstract

General background: Dental implants are the preferred standard for replacing missing teeth, and successful osseointegration is crucial for their long-term function. Specific background: Hyaluronic acid (HA), a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan in connective and epithelial tissues, has gained attention for its biological roles in wound healing, regeneration, and antimicrobial activity. Knowledge gap: Despite its known physiological properties, the comprehensive role of HA in enhancing osseointegration and post-surgical healing during dental implantation remains underexplored. Aims: This review investigates the role of HA in dental implant surgery, focusing on its biological mechanisms, physicochemical properties, and clinical applications in promoting bone integration and reducing post-operative complications. Results: Evidence shows that HA facilitates osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, enhances wound healing, and reduces bacterial colonization. When used alone or combined with bone grafts and collagen scaffolds, HA accelerates new bone formation and minimizes inflammation. Novelty: The review highlights HA’s multifaceted bioactivity, including viscoelasticity, bacteriostatic, and antioxidant properties, which collectively improve implant outcomes. Implications: HA demonstrates significant potential as an adjunct biomaterial in dental implantology, enhancing both hard and soft tissue regeneration and improving patient recovery and implant success rates.Highlight : Hyaluronic acid supports bone and soft tissue healing around dental implants by enhancing cell migration and attachment. It helps reduce inflammation, infection risk, and post-surgical discomfort during the implantation process. The unique properties of hyaluronic acid make it beneficial for improving osseointegration and overall implant success. Keywords : Hyaluronic acid, Dental implant, Osseointegration, Wound healing, Bone regeneration
Preliminary Thermodynamic Analysis of Magnetohydrodynamic Generators in Combined Cycles for Enhanced Energy Efficiency Hussein, Huda Ali
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12922

Abstract

General Background: Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) generators offer direct thermal-to-electric conversion and have long been explored as a method to surpass the efficiency limits of conventional combined cycle systems. Specific Background: Integrating an open-cycle MHD generator as a topping cycle within a gas–steam combined cycle has been proposed to exploit ultra-high combustion temperatures and enhance overall plant efficiency. Knowledge Gap: Despite previous experimental programs, comprehensive thermodynamic evaluations of MHD performance within modern combined cycles—considering updated plasma conductivity models, material improvements, and carbon-capture compatibility—remain limited. Aims: This study analyzes the thermodynamic behavior of an open-cycle MHD generator fueled by coal-derived syngas or natural gas and evaluates its efficiency contribution when integrated into a combined cycle. Results: Quasi-one-dimensional simulations show MHD enthalpy extraction near 22%, subsystem isentropic efficiency of 28%, and overall cycle efficiencies of 56–60%, outperforming conventional CCGT systems by 10–15%. Novelty: The study integrates validated MHD flow modeling with modern combined-cycle configurations, incorporating updated material solutions and non-equilibrium ionization strategies. Implications: Findings highlight MHD-combined cycles as a promising pathway for high-efficiency, low-carbon power generation and provide guidance for future pilot-scale implementation and carbon-capture-ready system design.Highlight : The study emphasizes efficiency gains of 56–60 percent achieved through integrating MHD generators into combined cycles. It highlights how magnetic field strength, high-temperature plasma, and conductivity improvements drive overall performance. The content also identifies key challenges, including electrode erosion and material durability, and discusses proposed technical solutions. Keywords : Magnetohydrodynamic Generator, Combined Cycle, Thermodynamic Efficiency, Plasma Conductivity, Energy Conversion
Serum IL-21 and IFN-γ Levels in Celiac Disease and Their Association with Biochemical Indicators Al-Mousawi, Noor H.
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12923

Abstract

Background : Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder that is mainly specific to the small intestine and is caused by an abnormal T-cell-mediated immune response to dietary gluten which involves mucosal inflammation and villous atrophy. Activation of the systemic immunology has the potential of causing extra-intestinal symptoms. Objective: The levels of serum IL-21 and IFN-g of the celiac disease patients were determined in this study and the levels were compared to the level of biochemical parameters like hemoglobin, ferritin, calcium, and vitamin D3. Methods: A total of 70 clinically proven celiac patients (9-74 years old) were recruited in Wasit hospitals at a time period of March 2024 to April 2025. Venous blood samples were collected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA), centrifuged and analyzed with regard to the levels of IL-21 and IFN-g. Measurement of biochemical parameters was done using automated analyzers in accordance to the conventional protocols. Results: Celiac patients had much higher serum concentrations of IFN-g and IL-21 in comparison to healthy controls (p < 0.001). All the levels of vitamin D3, calcium, iron, ferritin, and hemoglobin were lowered significantly (p < 0.05). These biological markers were found to have negative relationships with cytokines. Conclusion: In celiac disease, immune activation is manifested by increased levels of IL-21 and IFN-g, which can be one of the causes of intestinal damage and nutrient loss. Also, findings indicate immunopathological and not diagnostic relations between biochemical deficits and cytokine imbalance.Highlight : Stress strongly predicts insomnia in celiac patients. Persistent symptoms also contribute to insomnia. Diet quality is not related to insomnia. Keywords : Celiac Disease , Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase, cytokines, IL-21, IFN-γ.
Laboratory Assessment Revealing Nutritional Disorders Among Children in Uzbekistan Ergasheva, N. A.
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12934

Abstract

General Background: Childhood nutritional disorders pose major global health risks, affecting growth, immunity, and long-term metabolic outcomes. Specific Background: In Uzbekistan, a dual burden of micronutrient deficiencies and rising overweight rates persists, yet no standardized national protocol exists for laboratory-based assessment. Knowledge Gap: Existing monitoring systems lack unified biochemical, anthropometric, and dietary evaluation methods, limiting early detection and regional comparability. Aims: This study aims to develop and validate a comprehensive laboratory protocol for assessing the nutritional status of children aged 2–12 years to support early prevention of alimentary disorders. Results: Analysis of 500 children across Uzbekistan showed high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (46 percent), iron deficiency indicated by low ferritin levels (32 percent), and early overweight or obesity (14 percent). Significant correlations were identified between micronutrient biomarkers, BMI, waist circumference, dietary patterns, and sunlight exposure, confirming the multifactorial nature of nutritional imbalance. Novelty: The study introduces the first unified framework integrating biochemical, anthropometric, and dietary indicators tailored to Uzbekistan’s pediatric population. Implications: Adoption of this standardized protocol can strengthen national monitoring, improve early diagnosis of hidden deficiencies, guide evidence-based interventions, and support long-term strategies to reduce alimentary and metabolic disorders among Uzbek children.Highlight : The content highlights the significant dual burden of micronutrient deficiencies and early obesity among children in Uzbekistan. It emphasizes the importance of integrating biochemical, anthropometric, and dietary data for accurate early detection. The study supports establishing a standardized laboratory protocol to improve preventive care and national monitoring. Keywords : Nutritional status of children, micronutrient deficiencies, vitamin D deficiency, iron deficiency anemia, childhood obesity

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