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MEDIA PETERNAKAN - Journal of Animal Science and Technology

mediapeternakan
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : - EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 33 No. 3 (2010): Media Peternakan" : 10 Documents clear

Herbage Production and Quality of Shrub Indigofera Treated by Different Concentration of Foliar Fertilizer L Abdullah
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

A field experiment on fodder legume Indigofera sp. was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar fertilizer concentration on forage yield and quality, and to identify optimum concentrations among the fertilizer treatments on herbage yield, chemical composition (CP, NDF, ADF, minerals), and in vitro dry matter (IVDMD) as wll as organic matter (IVOMD) digestibility in goat's rumen. Randomized block design was used for the six concentration of fertilizer treatments; control, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g/10 l with 3 replicates. Leaves were sprayed with foliar fertilizer at 30, 34, 38, and 42 days after harvest. Samples were collected at 2 harvest times with 60 days cutting interval. Application of the foliar fertilizer up to 30 g/10 l significantly increased herbage DM yield, twig numbers, tannin, saponin, Ca and P content, as well as herbage digestibility (IVDMD and IVOMD). The lower and higher concentration of foliar fertilizer resulted in lower value of those parameters, but NDF and ADF contents had the opposite patterns. The optimum level of foliar fertilizer that resulted the highest herbage yield and quality was 30 g/10 l, and the highest in vitro digestibility and Ca concentration was 20 g/10 l.

Produksi dan Kandungan Mineral Pueraria phaseoloides dengan Tingkat Naungan dan Inokulasi Mikoriza Berbeda A.I.M Ali; Yakup Yakup; Sabaruddin Sabarudin
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Problems of forage management in the integration of livestock into oil palm and rubber plantations in Indonesia are declining of light as the canopy of the plant increases and acid soils containing low available P, Cu, and Zn. The objective of experiment was to study the effect of shading and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculations on the production and content of P, Cu, and Zn of Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth (puero). The experiment was arranged according to the split plot design with three replicates in a green house. Treatments tested were shading as the main plot (0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%) and AMF inoculations as sub plots (indigenous AMF, Glomus manihotis, indigenous AMF + G. manihotis and no inoculation). Root biomass was affected by shading level while leaf stem ratio was affected by both shading level and AMF inoculations. Inoculations with G. manihotis and indigenous + G. manihotis indicated higher herbage production and P contents than inoculations with indigenous AMF. Effectiveness of AMF inoculation on improvement of production and P uptake varied according to shading conditions. P. phaseoloides was tolerant to shading up to 50% and its production and P content as responses on inoculation of AMF were affected by soil conditions and shading intensity. Inoculation of G. manihotis and its combination with indigenous AMF improved production and P content of Pueraria phaseoloides in shading level upto 50%.

Efektivitas Probiotik Lactobacillus plantarum 2C12 dan Lactobacillus acidophilus 2B4 Sebagai Pencegah Diare pada Tikus Percobaan I I Arief; B Sri Laksmi Jenie; M Astawan; A B Witarto
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum 2C12 and Lactobacillus acidophilus 2B4 to prevent diarrhea caused by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). Albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were daily orally administered by 108 cfu/ml of both probiotics without or simultaneously infected with EPEC (106 cfu/ml) for 7 days. Negative control was not infected by probiotic and EPEC while positive control was challenged with EPEC alone. After 1, 2 and 3 weeks, total of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and E. coli of mucosa of cecum and cecum content were evaluated. It was observed that rats administered by L. plantarum 2C12 and L. acidophilus 2B4 and challenged with EPEC had better performances when compared with the positive control for daily weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency rate. Diarrhea was determined by total of E. coli on cecum and watery fecal. Both probiotics could increase 1 log10 cfu/cm2 of total LAB on mucosa of cecum and also 1 log10 cfu/g of cecum content. Both probiotics also could reduce 1-3 log10 cfu/cm2 population of E.coli on mucosa of cecum and 1 log10 cfu/g of cecum content. L. plantarum 2C12 and L. acidophilus 2B4 were effective as probiotics against EPEC on rats.

Feasibility Analyses of Integrated Broiler Production M Firdaus; L Komalasari
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The major obstacles in the development of broiler raising is the expensive price of feed and the fluctuative price of DOCs. The cheap price of imported leg quarters reduces the competitiveness of the local broilers. Therefore, an effort to increase production efficiency is needed through integration between broiler raising and corn farmers and feed producers (integrated farming). The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility of integrating broiler raising with corn cultivation and feed production. Besides that, a simulation was conducted to analyze the effects of DOC price changes, broiler price and production capacity. The analyses showed that integrated farming and a mere combination between broiler raising and feed factory of a 10,000 bird capacity is not financially feasible. Increasing the production to 25,000 broiler chickens will make the integrated farming financially feasible. Unintegrated broiler raising is relatively sensitive to broiler price decreases and DOC price increases compared to integrated farming.

Condensed Tannin Effects on Nitrogen Digestion in Ruminants: A Meta-analysis from in Vitro and in Vivo Studies A Jayanegara; E Palupi
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Statistical meta-analysis approach was conducted to quantify the effect of a wide range of dietary condensed tannin (CT) concentration on nitrogen digestion in ruminants. A total of 19 studies from published papers and own previously unpublished studies comprising of 100 treatments were pooled in a database. The database was segregated into two categories based on different methods or systems where the experiments were carried out, i.e. in vitro (6 studies, 65 treatments) and in vivo experiments (13 studies, 35 treatments). Mixed model effects were applied to the data; different studies were treated as random effects whereas dietary CT (continuous predictor variable) was treated as fixed effects. The results showed that in the in vitro studies, organic matter digestibility (OMD) decreased linearly (P=0.002) as CT concentration in feed increased. Likewise, such linear decrease of OMD at increasing CT was observed in the in vivo studies (P < 0.001) as well as crude protein digestibility (CPD, P < 0.001). The variation on in vitro OMD was higher at lower level of CT. Nitrogen retention was not significantly affected by CT level. It was concluded that CT reduced nutrient digestibility in ruminants, but its effect on N retention was unclear from the present study.

Polymorphism Identification of Pit1 Gene in Indonesian Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) and Holstein-Friesian Cows R Misrianti; C Sumantri; A Farajallah
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Pit-1 gene has been identified as the pituitary specific transcription factor that regulates the expression of the growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) genes in the anterior pituitary. The use of polymorphic markers in breeding programmes could make selection more accurate and efficient. A total of 320 Indonesian buffaloes from four populations and 45 FH cows from nine populations were genotyped for polymorphism of Pit1|Hinf1 gene by the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. The gene polymorphism was detected only in FH cattle. The frequency of AA, AB, and BB genotype was 2%, 44%, and 53% respectively. The frequency of A allel was 25% and B allel was 75%, but no polymorphism was detected in 320 Indonesia buffaloes.

Kecernaan Ransum Domba Berbasis Daun Sawit Teramoniasi yang Disuplementasi Sulfur, Fosfor, dan Daun Ubi Kayu Nurhaita Nurhaita; J Jamarun; L Warly; M Zain
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This research aimed to evaluate the effect of S, P minerals and cassava leaves supplementation on utilization of ammoniated palm oil leaves in rumen sheep. The research used randomized block design with five rations as treatments and four groups as replication. The treatments were A= grass as control; B= ammoniated palm oil leaves; C= ammoniated palm oil leaves + 0.4% S and 0.27% P; D= ammoniated palm oil leaves + 5% cassava leaves; and E= ammoniated palm oil leaves +y 0.4% S, 0.27% P and 5% cassava leaves. The parameters measured were dry matter intake and digestibility of dry matter and fiber fraction (NDF, ADF, cellulose, and hemicelluloses). Dietary treatments had not significant effect on dry matter intake but significantly increased dry matter and fiber fraction digestibility, especially ADF. Diet E indicated the highest digestibility which supplied the entire nutrient required to growth and optimize activities of rumen microbes.

Pemanfaatan Bahan Bio-anorganik untuk Memproduksi Biomassa Hijauan Pakan dan Inokulan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula A D Nusantara; C Kusmana; I Mansur; L K Darusman; Soedarmadi Soedarmadi
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Inoculant production of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has a vital role in sustaining of higher forage legume production. Currently, it is important to find the alternative materials that can be used as sources of phosphorus due to the need of lower cost, environmentaly friendly, and easily available. Bone meal and rock phosphate are some of the bio-inorganic sources that can be used as a phosphorus source for producing biomass of forage legume and AMF's inoculant production. A glasshouse experiment was conducted to determine the effectiveness of different type of bio-inorganic materials as a fertilizer to increase forage legume biomass and for specific AMF's inoculant production. The experiment was arranged in a factorial randomized block design with two factors, i.e. type of AMF's species (Glomus etunicatum NPI-126 and Acaulospora tuberculata INDO-2) and type of bio-inorganic materials (artifical fertilizer solution as a control, SP36, rock phosphate, and bone meal). Results showed that G. etunicatum gave better result in terms of host gowth, root colonization and spore production compare to A. tuberculata. Bone meal was better a phosphorus source for AMF's inoculant production instead of artifical fertilizer or other bio-anorganic sources. In conclusion, milled bone meal has a good phosphorus source for AMF's (G. etunicatum) inoculant production

Microbial Population and Fermentation Characteristic in Response to Sapindus rarak Mineral Block Supplementation S Suharti; A Kurniawati; D A Astuti; E Wina
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementation with lerak extract combined with mineral block on protozoal and bacterial population, and fermentation characteristic in vitro. The experimental design was completely randomized block design with 3 treatments and 4 replications. Control diet was a substrate that consisted of concentrate, forage and feed block with ratio 50 : 48 : 2, respectively. The treatments as a substrate were: control diet (C), C + 0.09% lerak extract, and C + 0.18% lerak extract from the total ration. Variables observed were protozoal and bacterial population, dry matter and organic matter degradability, N-NH3 and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result showed that there were no significant effect (P>0.05) for all parameter measured with lerak extract supplementation up to 0.18% in the presence of mineral block. However, supplementation of lerak extract 0.18% only slightly reduced protozoal numbers but tended to increase bacterial numbers. Dry matter and organic matter degradability and concentration of N-NH3 were similar among treatments. Volatile fatty acids profile changed which propionate tended to increase and acetate tended to decrease and ratio of acetate to propionate tended to decrease. In conclusion, addition of lerak extract up to 0.18% from total ration in the presence of mineral block was not yet effective to depress protozoal population, but could modify fermentation characteristic in vitro.

Oligosaccharides in Milk: Their Benefits and Future Utilization T Urashima; E Taufik
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The percentage of carbohydrate in the milk/colostrum of the mammalian is range from trace to over 10%, of which disaccharide lactose (Gal(β1-4)Glc) is usually constitutes the major part. Apart from the lactose (Gal(β1-4)Glc; Gal, D-galactose; Glc, D-glucose), the rest of carbohydrate components is composed of variety of sugars, commonly named as milk oligosaccharides. Human mature milk and colostrum contain 12 ~ 13 g/l and 22 ~ 24 g/l of oligosaccharides, respectively. In contrast, bovine colostrum contains more than 1 g/l oligosaccharides and this concentration rapidly decreases after 48 hr post partum. Most of human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) are resistant to digestion and absorption within the small intestine. Therefore they can reach the infant colon, where they can act as prebiotics that stimulate the growth of beneficial microorganisms such as various species of Bifidobacterium. They can also act as receptor analogues that inhibit the attachment of pathogenic microorganisms to the infant's colonic mucosa. A small part of the milk oligosaccharides is absorbed intact into the circulation and it has been hypothesized that these may act as immunomodulators. Generally, the bovine milk oligosaccharides are believed not to be absorbed by human adults or infants, thus making them available to be utilized as prebiotics or anti-infection materials. The colostrum of cows and other domestic farm animals is a potential source of free oligosaccharides, and oligosaccharides isolated from these natural sources can be utilized as functional foods or animal feedstuffs on the industrial scale.

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