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MEDIA PETERNAKAN - Journal of Animal Science and Technology

mediapeternakan
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : - EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 40 No. 1 (2017): Media Peternakan" : 10 Documents clear

Supplementation of Zinc and Vitamin E on Apparent Digestibility of Nutrient, Carcass Traits, and Mineral Availability in Broiler Chickens Tera Fit Rayani; R. Mutia; Sumiati Sumiati
Media Peternakan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2017): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of zinc (Zn) and vitamin E supplementations on apparent nutrient digestibility, carcass traits, and mineral availability of broiler in tropical environment. The experiment was arranged in a 3 x 3 factorial design with 4 replications in each treatment (10 birds each). The dietary treatments were the combination of doses of zinc (A1: 0 ppm, A2: 40 ppm, A3: 80 ppm) and vitamin E (B1: 0 ppm, B2: 125 ppm, B3: 250 ppm) supplementations. The variables observed were apparent nutrient digestibilities (apparent crude protein digestibility and apparent ether extract digestibility), carcass traits (final weight, the percentage of carcass weight, breast weight, thigh weight, wings weight, and back weight), meat bone ratio and mineral availability in the tibia (calcium [Ca], phosphorus [P], and zinc [Zn]). The results showed that apparent nutrient digestibility, carcass traits (the percentages of carcass, breast, thighs, wings, and back), meat bone ratio were not significantly influenced by the supplementation of zinc or vitamin E. The supplementation of 80 ppm of Zn and 0 ppm of vitamin E significantly (P<0.05) increased final weight of broiler. Supplementation of zinc alone and vitamin E alone in the diet significantly (P<0.05) increased calcium content of the tibia. In conclusion, supplementation of 80 ppm of Zn increased calcium content compared to control, but did not affect final weight and ether-extract digestibility. Supplementation of vitamin E at a dose of 125 ppm could increase calcium content of the tibia compared to control.

Effectiveness of the Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Peel Extract as the Colorant, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial on Beef Sausage Fitri M Manihuruk; Tuti Suryati; Irma Isnafia Arief
Media Peternakan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2017): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel extracts addition on beef sausages. Red dragon fruit peel extracts were obtained by maceration using solvent at pH 5. Phytochemical characteristics, total phenols, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of the peel extracts were observed. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the extracts were associated with high phytochemical compounds and total phenols contained in the extracts. Red dragon fruit peel extracts with various percentages (0%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) were added on beef sausages, and their physicochemical characteristics, nutrients, antioxidant activity, and microbiological profile were analyzed. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range test. Results showed that the addition of red dragon fruit peel extracts significantly reduced texture values, but increased intensity of luminosity, intensity of red color, and intensity of yellow color (P<0.05) beef sausages. It could be concluded that red dragon fruit peel extract containing phytochemical compounds was effective as an antibacterial agent and natural antioxidant. The addition of red dragon fruit peel extracts was effective in increasing the antioxidant activity and decreasing TBARS values. The addition of red dragon fruit peel extract did not affect the reddish colorization of beef sausages, but it was capable of increasing the yellowish colorization on beef sausage.

Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria with Cholesterol-Lowering Activity from Digestive Tracts of Indonesian Native Chickens H. Julendra; Ade Erma Suryani; Lusty Istiqomah; Ema Damayanti; Muslih Anwar; Naditya Fitriani
Media Peternakan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2017): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The aim of the study was to identify the cholesterol-lowering activity of indigenous lactic acid bacteria isolated from the small intestine, cecum, and colon of Indonesian native chickens and evaluated for bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity in vitro by using MRS media added taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) and CaCl2. The quantitative measurement of cholesterol-lowering activity of LAB was investigated by using soluble cholesterol containing MRS broth (100 µg/mL of cholesterin) and incubated at 37 °C for 48 h. Cholesterol content in supernatant was analyzed using microplate reader. The highest percentage of cholesterol reduction found in isolates from colon of native chicken with the value of 17.43% and identified as Lactobacillus plantarum. Based on phylogenetic tree analysis, this isolate was closely related to L. plantarum strain LGFCP4 (accession number KM199683.1) isolated from GIT of Guinea fowl from India. It could be concluded that L. plantarum AKK-30 had cholesterol-lowering activity.

Physical, Microbial, and Chemical Qualities of Dangke Produced by Different Temperatures and Papain Concentrations Andi Nurul Mukhlisah; Irma Isnafia Arief; Epi Taufik
Media Peternakan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2017): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Dangke, a dairy product of cow or buffalo, is a traditional food of Enrekang, South Sulawesi Province. Addition of papain in dangke preparation is responsible for the formation of solid texture of dangke. This study was aimed to find optimum conditions (temperature and concentration of papain enzyme) and their effects on physical, chemical, microbiological, and hedonic qualities of dangke. This study consisted of two stages: preparation of papain and dangke production with heating temperatures (70, 80, and 90 °C) and papain treatments (0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4%). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement with three replicates. The first factor was the processing temperature consisted of 3 levels i.e., 70, 80, and 90 °C. The second factor was the papain concentration consisted of 3 levels i.e., 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4%. The obtained data were evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test to observe the significances among treatments. Papain and amino acids were characterized using descriptive methods and organoleptic study was performed by non-parametric test (Kruskal-Wallis). The highest protein concentration was found in commercial papain (Merck, 360.63 mg/100 g), while the protein content of papain used in this study was of 323.21 mg/100g. However, these enzymes had similar molecular weight of 19.17 kDa. The optimum condition of dangke preparation was found at heating temperature of 80 °C and 0.3% of papain concentration, resulting in the most desirable characteristics of dangke in terms of chemical, physical, and microbiological properties as well as hedonic evaluation.

Fermentation Characteristics and Nitrogen Retention of Madura Cattle Fed Complete Rations Containing Soybean Pod and By-Products Komang Gede Wiryawan; Arief Saefudin; Asnath Maria Fuah; Rudi Priyanto; Lilis Khotijah; Sri Suharti
Media Peternakan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2017): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of complete rations containing soybean pod and soybean by-products (soybean meal and tofu waste) on rumen microbial population, fermentation characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen retention of Madura cattle. Twelve Madura cattle of 1.5 years of age were given 4 feeding treatments in triplicates in randomized block design experiment. The treatments included T0 (100% native grass) as a negative control, T1 (concentrate: grass (60:40) as a positive control, T2 (complete ration containing 15% soybean pods), and T3 (complete ration containing 30% soybean pods). The treatments were based on feeding practices commonly applied by farmers in the village. The results showed that the use of concentrate rations or complete rations containing soybean pod and by-product did not affect protozoa population, ammonia concentration, and total VFA production compared to cattle fed 100% native grass. In contrast, the use of concentrate rations or complete rations containing soybean pod and by-products reduced acetate and increased butyrate proportion compared to native grass. The use of a concentrate ration resulted the highest propionate proportion. Methane estimation increased with the use of concentrate ration or complete ration containing 15% soybean pod, but it decreased when the level of soybean pod was increased to 30%. It can be concluded that soybean pod has a potential to be used as a fiber source in beef cattle ration to substitute native grass.

Chemical Characteristics of Goat Cheese with Different Percentages of Mixed Indigenous Probiotic Culture during Ripening Triana Setyawardani; Agustinus Hantoro Djoko Rahardjo; Mardiati Sulistyowati
Media Peternakan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2017): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This research was aimed to study the chemical characteristic of goat cheese that used various concentrations of probiotic starter with combinations of Lactobacillus rhamnosus TW2 and Lactobacillus plantarum TW14 isolates. The experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design with a 4 x 4 factorial arrangement. The first factor was the concentration of probiotic starter consisted of 4 lavels i.e., 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10% v/v. All probiotic concentrations used the same ratio of L. rhamnosus TW2 and L. plantarum TW14, i.e. 1:1. The second factor was the duration of ripening process consisted of 4 levels i.e., 0 (no ripening), 10, 20, and 30 days at 5oC. The observed variables were cheese chemical properties including water content, protein, fat, ash, pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), free fatty acids (FFA), and proteolysis profile. The results showed that addition of probiotic starter at a concentration of 5% mixture of L. rhamnosus TW2 and L. plantarum TW14 increased (P<0.01) only on ash content. The duration of ripening process up to 30 d significantly increased (P<0.01) protein and fat. Combination of probiotic starter concentrations and duration of ripening process increased (P<0.01) fat and ash contents. Proteolysis profile showed that protein was degraded into 72 and 52kDa proteins, but no 17kDa protein was found in cheese ripened for 30 d. It is concluded that 30 d duration of ripening at 5oC was the main contributing factor to chemical characteristics of cheese including chemical properties, pH, TTA, FFA, and proteolysis profile of probiotic goat cheese, while the concentration of mixed probiotics affected ash content, TTA and FFA of cheese.

Plant Growth Pattern, Forage Yield, and Quality of Indigofera zollingeriana Influenced by Row Spacing Nur Rochmah Kumalasari; G. P. Wicaksono; L. Abdullah
Media Peternakan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2017): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Indigofera zollingeriana is one of legumes has a great potential to be used as an animal feed having high quality nutrients and is tolerant to different environmental conditions. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of different row spacings between individual plants on growth pattern, forage yield, and quality of I. zollingeriana. Field experiment was conducted at Field Laboratory of Agrostology, Faculty of Animal Science Bogor Agricultural University, during the growing season of 2015/2016. The 4 spacings levels used were 1 x 1.5 m; 1 x 1 m; 1 x 0.75 m; and 1 x 0.5 m. The treatment was arranged in a completely randomized block design, with 4 replicates. Variables in this research were plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, plant population for each plot, fresh and dry matter yields, and forage quality. The results showed that narrow plant spacing increased plant height, plant population, fresh and dry weights, dry matter yields, as well as NDF and β-carotene contents. The wider the plant spacing the greater the number of branches and leaves per plant. It was concluded that increasing plant population by narrowing plant spacing remained the most effective way to increase Indigofera forage yield without negative effects of it on nutritive values, i.e., crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ADF, and TDN.

Legume Wafer Supplementation to Increase the Performance of Post-Weaning Ettawa Grade Goats Brilian Desca Dianingtyas; Yuli Retnani; Dwierra Evvyernie
Media Peternakan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2017): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This research was conducted to analyze the effect of legume wafer supplementation on the performance of post weaning Ettawa Grade goats. A total of 16 post weaning Ettawa Grade goats (average body weight 13.10±0.91 kg) were grouped into 4 group treatments and 4 blocks as replicate in a completely randomized block design. The treatments were T0 (basal diet/control), T1 (supplementation of 12.12% wafer supplement of Indigofera zollingeriana), T2 (supplementation of 13.54% wafer supplement of Leucaena leucocephala) and T3 (supplementation of 12.37% wafer supplement of Calliandra calothyrsus). The feed intake, nutrient digestibility, average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), and income over feed cost (IOFC) were observed. The results showed that supplementation of legume wafer increased (P<0.05) the feed intake, organic matter digestibility, ADG, FE, and IOFC. Supplementation of I. zollingeriana wafer increased ADG by 55.08%, FE by 34.91%, and IOFC by 14.53%; L. leucocephala wafer increased ADG by 66.18%, FE by 41.63%, and IOFC by 19.09%; and C. calothyrsus wafer increased ADG by 32.62%, FE by 11.30%, and IOFC by 14.34%. In conclusion, the addition of legume wafer supplements into the rations could increase the feed utility value of legumes and L. leucocephala wafer at 13.54% showed the best performance in post-weaning Ettawa Grade goats.

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Concentration in the Follicular Fluid of Bali Cattle and Its Role in the Oocyte Nuclear Maturation and Fertilization Rate H. Hasbi; S. Gustina; N.W. K. Karja; I. Supriatna; M. A. Setiadi
Media Peternakan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2017): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of IGF-I in the follicular fluid (FF) of Bali cattle and its role in the nuclear maturation and fertilization rate. The follicular fluid was collected by the aspiration technique, then it was centrifuged at 1500 g for 30 min at 24oC. The supernatant was collected and stored at -20oC until being used in the experiment for analysis of IGF-1. A total of 1105 oocytes were used in this study. The oocytes were matured in M199 without supplementation of bovine serum albumin, with supplementation of BSA, and with supplementations of 10% FF (v/v) from the follicle with diameter Ø<4 mm, 4≤Ø<6 mm, 6≤Ø<8 mm, and Ø≥8 mm at the luteal phase and then fertilized. The results showed that the concentrations of IGF-I in the FF obtained during the luteal phase was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to those obtained during follicular phase. The IGF-I concentrations in the follicular fluid of follicle with diameter smaller than 6 mm were significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to those with diameters larger than 6 mm. The percentage of nuclear maturation rate of oocytes cultured with FF obtained from follicle with diameter <4 mm was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to those obtained from the other groups of follicle diameters. The supplementation of maturation media with BSA and FF were able to improve fertilization rate significantly (P<0.05) compared to maturation media without BSA. In conclusion, the concentration of IGF-I in the follicular fluid obtained during the luteal phase was higher compared to those obtained during the follicular phase. The IGF-I concentrations in the follicular fluid of smaller follicles (diameter <6 mm) were higher compared to those in the large follicles (diameter ≥6 mm). The supplementation of FF can improve the nuclear maturation and fertilization rate

Isolation and Number of Gonadal Primordial Germ Cells (Gonadal PGCs) on the Stages of Early Embryonic Development of KUB Chicken Soni Sopiyana; M. A. Setiadi; M. Fahrudin; I. Supriatna
Media Peternakan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2017): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are cells that will differentiate themselves into spermatogonia in the testis or oogonia in the ovary. Primordial germ cells arise from epiblast and circulate through the bloodstream and finally entering gonadal anlage. The aim of this study was to determine the number of gonadal PGCs of KUB chicken at different development stages. Sixty KUB chicken fertile eggs were divided into four groups (6, 7, 8, and 9 days incubation periods), and incubated at 38 oC with a humidity of 60%. Harvesting was synchronized to the embryonic development at 6-9 d. Gonads were collected using sharp tweezers, and were placed in Eppendorf tube 1.5 mL containing 500 µL PBS [-]. Gonadal PGCs were purified using PBS [-]. The results showed that the average number of gonadal PGCs at 6, 7, 8, and 9 d were 113.7; 143.5; 92.9; and 85.7 cells per embryo, respectively. Number of gonadal PGCs per embryo of KUB chicken were significantly affected by stage of embryonic development (P<0.05), which reached a peak at day 7 of incubation, so that the isolation and collection of PGCs from the gonads were recommended at day 7 of incubation. This information is useful in production of germline chimera of other Indonesian local chickens.

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