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Al-Iqra Medical Journal
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Al-Iqra Medical Journal : Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2549225X     DOI : 10.26618
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Journal of Medicine and Health Indonesia is a peer-reviewed journal of medicine and health. This journal is designed as a forum for disseminating information and knowledge which is published twice a year. It publishes original articles, review articles, and case reports. It comprises biomedical science, clinical medicine, public health science, and medical science education. This journal has been established since 2018 (Print ISSN 2085-4145, ISSN Online 2527-2950) which is managed by the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Ophthalmology" : 5 Documents clear
REGENERASI DENDRIT SEL GANGLION RETINA: PERAN INSULIN UNTUK MENGEMBALIKAN PENGLIHATAN PADA GLAUKOMA Nurul Azizah; Sisca Sisca; Rasiha Rasiha
Al-Iqra Medical Journal : Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Ophthalmology
Publisher : Journal Medical Universitas muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/aimj.v1i2.2758

Abstract

Glaukoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. This disease is associated with characteristic damage to the optic nerve and permanent retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration. A crucial step towards circuit repair in glaucoma is to promote damaged RGCs to regenerate not only axons, but also dendrites to successfully reconnect with their synaptic partners. The latest research showed that insulin signalling has the capacity to regenerate dendrites dan injured synapses, therefore the use of insulin raises a new paradigm as a new pro-regenerative therapeutic target for the disease of glaucoma. This literature review is made using literature searching of valid journals with inclusion and exclusion criteria. On the experiment of insulin’s effectivity, it is valued using 4 indicators; promote dendrite regeneration, restore synaptic density, rescue retinal function, robust neuronal survival. Based on in vivo experiment, insulin endowed with the ability to effectively restore dendritic morphology thus enhancing the function and survival of RGC through mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1) and mTORC2 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2) signalling, this supports that that it can be promising therapeutic targets to counter progressive RGC neurodegeneration and vision loss in glaucoma.
GLYCOLYTIC 2-DEOXY-D-GLUCOSE PERIOCULAR INHIBITOR SEBAGAI TERAPI ADJUVANT PADA RETINOBLASTOMA Demara, Yedhi Azlia; Laily Annisa Kusumastuti; Daffa Abhista Wicaksana
Al-Iqra Medical Journal : Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Ophthalmology
Publisher : Journal Medical Universitas muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/aimj.v1i2.2750

Abstract

Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular tumor in children. Retinoblastoma tumors consist of areas with high angiogenic activity and other areas with low oxygen pressure conditions. Tumor cells that survive in this hypoxic region have been shown to be resistant to chemotherapy and radiation, namely standard retinoblastoma therapy which selectively targets rapidly dividing cell populations, so that therapy is needed that can reach up to the hypoxic cells. 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) has been shown to be effective in reducing hypoxic areas in tumors, reducing tumor buds, and inhibiting angiogenesis. to discuss the glycolytic 2-DG inhibitors as adjuvant therapy in retinoblastoma. The authors searched for medical articles in the PubMed and ResearchGate literature databases with the keywords treatment, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, 2-DG, retinoblastoma, and cancer. The words are combined with OR or AND using Boolean logic. Based on the selection according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 4 articles were used as the main reference for writing this review literature. 2-DG will disregulate (inhibit) the process of angiogenesis through upregulation of Estrogen Receptor 1 Nuclear (ESR 1), ubiquitin, jun activation domain binding protein 1 (JAB1), G-protein alpha S, and CAPER in the apical part of the tumor and B3GNT1 upregulation , CEPT1, PABPC1, myotrophin, HAX1 in the postero-lateral part of the tumor. H3, DTX1, RPL12, and bone morphogenic (BMP) histones are also upregulated so that hypoxia can be inhibited. With this mechanism, the tumor burden can be suppressed. Glycolytic 2-DG inhibitors with anti-angiogenesis and anti-hypoxic abilities can be developed as adjuvant therapy for advanced retinoblastoma patients. 
POTENSI RIPASUDIL SEBAGAI TERAPI TERBARUKAN UNTUK MENGATASI UVEITIS GLAUCOMA MELALUI INHIBISI RHO KINASE PATHWAY (ROCK) Ilham Dhiya; Iskandar Purba G; Khartika Mahardini
Al-Iqra Medical Journal : Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Ophthalmology
Publisher : Journal Medical Universitas muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/aimj.v1i2.2755

Abstract

Uveitis is an inflammatory disease that accounts for 300 thousand new cases of blindness each year in America, and is responsible for 5-10% of vision changes worldwide. First-line therapy for uveitis is topical corticosteroids. Unfortunately, corticosteroid use is a risk factor for glaucoma. About 20-40% of patients experience an increase in pathological intra-ocular pressure that requires secondary glaucoma therapy. To reduce this pressure, the first therapy is beta-blockers and adrenergic agonists. But in inflammatory conditions, therapeutic side effects decrease. Over the years, a new glaucoma therapy agent, Ripasudil, has emerged. Research shows that Ripasudil can not only reduce intraocular pressure in glaucoma, but also has the anti-inflammatory effect needed to treat uveitis.  The study of the potential of Ripasudil using literature obtained from the database publications of the journal Pubmed, Clinical Trials and Science Direct. Supporting articles are sought based on specific keywords by the inclusion criteria of articles won in the UK, publications of the past 10 years (except basic science), EBM articles level 1-3 and support the discussion of literature review.  Ripasudil can release inflammatory cell infiltration and exudation proteins in aqueous humor. In addition, MCPI-1 protein levels and IL-1, IL-6, TNF-dan, and MCP-1 mRNA levels in the iris-ciliary body decreased after Ripasudil administration. Clinical trials also show that Ripasudil can be used as a glaucoma therapy agent. Ripasudil can be an updated therapy to treat glaucoma uveitis through inhibition of the ROCK pathway and treatment of proinflammatory mediators.
POTENSIAL MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL-DERIVED EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES (MSC-EVS) SEBAGAI TERAPI TERBARU DALAM OBAT ISKEMIK RETINAL Sisca Sisca; Nurul Azizah; M.Salas Al Aldi
Al-Iqra Medical Journal : Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Ophthalmology
Publisher : Journal Medical Universitas muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/aimj.v1i2.2756

Abstract

Retinal ischemia (IR) is still the biggest cause of blindness in the world. Several factors contribute to the pathogenesis of Retinal Ischemia. However, oxidative stress and inflammatory processes are the main factors. Various forms of therapy have been applied in clinical care of Retinal ischemia, but none have been optimal for repairing the cells damage and able to avoid immunological and oncogenic reactions. MSC-EVs have opened a new perspective for the treatment of Retinal Ischemia. MSC is a multipotent cell with paracrine characteristic and mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) which is derivative of MSC that can be used as a biomimetic agent to help nerve protection and tissue regeneration. In addition, MSC-EVs have a lower tendency to trigger immune responses and the inability to directly form tumors. Therefore, MSC EVs can prove to be an ideal source for the latest therapies in dealing with the problem of retinal ischemia. This Literature Riview is compiled by using a literature study with collecting valid journals, particular inclusion and exclusion criteria. On testing its effectiveness, three indicators were used, that is the protective effect of MSC-EVs on retinal cells, the effects of post-ischemic in vivo administration of MSC-EVs, and the distribution of MSC-EVs in humour vitreous and long-term protective effects estimates. Significantly shows a protective effect, decreases inflammatory factors and apoptosis of retinal cells. Based on the results of testing in vitro and in vivo MSC-EVs are endocytosis by retinal cells that provide neuroprotective effects before and after treatment, and this effect can be developed into long-term therapy. Therefore, using MSC-EVs can be a promising therapy in the treatment of retinal ischemia.
POTENSI GO-FUN (GOLD AND FUCOIDAN (SARGASSUM SP.) NANOPARTICLE) DALAM DIAGNOSTIK DAN TERAPI RETINOBLASTOMA Sri Rezki Wahdania J; Indrasari Indrasari
Al-Iqra Medical Journal : Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Ophthalmology
Publisher : Journal Medical Universitas muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/aimj.v1i2.2757

Abstract

Retinoblastoma is one of the malignant diseases of the eye originating from embryonal tissue. This disease most often occurs in children aged less than 5 years. The prevalence of retionoblastoma ranges from 2-4% of all pediatric malignancies with an incidence of 1 from 15,000-20,000 birth rates. This disease can occur unilaterally or bilaterally. The most common initial symptom is leukoria. The diagnosis of retinoblastoma are biopsy, X photos, ultrasound, Ct-Scan and MRI. However, this detection methods has side effects in children, so a diagnostic method is needed that has minimal side effects. As for the treatment of retinoblastoma are chemotherapy, surgery, focal therapy (cryotherapy, laser thermotherapy), external radiation and enucleation. However, this methods of therapy has side effects in the form of orbital bone growth disorders and mortality due to secondary malignancy. The use of chemotherapy not only attacks cancer cells but also can attack healthy cells so that patients can experience disorders such as diarrhea, anemia, etc. So from tha , the right and effective method of detection and therapy is needed. The writing of this review is to examine the most effective and efficient detection and therapy methods for treating retinoblastoma. In this review, there were Pubmed and Google Scholar-based data searches and no factor index restrictions using the keywords Gold Nanoparticle, fucoidan, nanoparticle, retinoblastoma and Surgassum sp. A review showed that Gold Nanoparticle (GNP) effectively used in the detection of retinoblastoma and Fucoidan nanoparticle is effective for the treatment of retinoblastoma. Gold Nanoparticle (GNP) and Fucoidan nanoparticle are potentially diagnostic and therapy on retinoblastoma . 

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