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Palmyra Fiber as Additional Materials on Solid Concrete Brick of Aggregate
Published by Universitas Nusa Cendana
ISSN : 20399340     EISSN : 20392117     DOI : 10.36941/mjss
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Materials Science & Nanotechnology
The use of waste as an additional material on the building work was increasingly actively developed, such as straw, styrofoam, bagasse, cow manure. The key drivers of the use of waste is the potential for waste is increasing, due to the depletion of non-renewable resources. Papyrus rod diameter 60 cm, length 30 meters, has a volume of 5,652m3 as well as the edges of the Rods that can be used for construction with a thickness of 3 cm has a volume 0,942m3, Pith and fiber volume content of the stem 4,71m3/rod, then in one rod, there are 2 to 3 bunches each fruit bunches yield as much as 20 to 30 items for one harvest, by weight of fruit fiber 101.2 gram / fruit, Fiber characteristics are round and smooth is expected to reduce cracks in solid concrete brick and also can reduce the use of sand. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of the composition of the additional material of Rods fiber content and Fiber of palmyra fruit with a percentage 3%, 6% and 9%, mixing ratio; 1 cement and 5 sand in the manufacture of solid concrete brick. Rods fiber content used the average Ø1,031mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 39,305N / cm and fruit fiber to an average value Ø0,40mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 33,691N / cm. Making test specimen with a length of 20cm, width 10cm and thick 8cm. The test results of compressive strength after 14 days with the lowest value at 3% of additional material combination of fiber content of 6% fiber stem and fruit by 70,384Kg/cm²with a water content of 15,254% In weight position 2,935Kg as well as the highest value on the combination of additional material 0% rods fiber content and 3% fruit fiber by 98,821Kg/cm² with a water content of 15,031% In weight position 3,058Kg. While N (without additional material) with a compressive strength below the average id 63,704Kg/cm2 with water content of 10,167 in weight position 3,072Kg. Research result of solid concrete brick with additional material of rods fiber content and palmyra fruit fiber was included on the type B70, the average value of the compressive strength of 78.57 Kg / cm² (SNI-03-1348-1989) with a water content of <25%.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Bangunan dan Konstruksi
Articles 16 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 4 (2021): July 2021" : 16 Documents clear
The Challenges and Prospects of Science Education Development in Africa Ayeni, Margaret Foluso
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 4 (2021): July 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0033

Abstract

In spite of the numerous groundbreaking innovations and inventions that science education can achieve in Africa, its growth in the continent is stunted. This retardation in development is as a result of fundamental problems which are discussed in the paper under the following headings: Insecurity, corruption, Unavailability of Laboratory Equipment and Instructional materials, Inadequate Funds, Inadequate Teacher Quality and Teaching Method, Difficult concepts in science. The paper highlights the challenges crippling the development of science education and the prospects its growth will have in the growth of Africa as a continent. Also, this paper focuses on the challenges plaguing science education in African Countries. It intends to reveal how science education is being prevented from becoming prominent in the national and sustainable development of African countries. It also discusses the prospects science education will have in the development of the continent if it was not plagued with difficulties. Some recommendations were made on the steps to take to improve the development of science education in Africa.   Received: 4 April 2021 / Accepted: 28 June 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021
A Monograph on Theoretical Understanding of the Contradictions of Vested Interests and Underdevelopment in Peripheral Social Formation Ogbonna, Hyginus Obinna
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 4 (2021): July 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0034

Abstract

This paper focuses on theoretical understanding of the contradictions of vested interests and the underdevelopment in the peripheral social formations; having as its raison d'être, to explore the possible ways by which the vested interests of a particular social group or class has contributed in shaping the underdevelopment of the periphery in the global economy –with inferences from a sub-Saharan African country, Nigeria (with empirical-based evidences); and moving forward, to find ways to counteract or mitigate these contradictions for the amelioration of the human condition in the periphery. Thus, the paper achieves its objectives by adopting a qualitative descriptive method of analysis, investigating the contradictions of the vested interests of both the neo-colonial elite in the Periphery and the capitalists of the Center (advanced capitalist nations), with an admixture of "Dependency Perspective" in its exploration. A theoretical framework, Marxian Ideology, was employed to help for a better epistemic understanding of the dynamics of vested interests aided by helpful extrapolations in its analysis. In the final analysis, the paper made some findings. A few of these include, 1) that the ruling class of the peripheral nations, especially in Africa (typically, Nigeria) has the culture of diverting national wealth for own personal interest. 2) That every moment of domination precipitates moments of resistance by the subjugated class, hence revolutions and instability are endemic in any polity fraught with vested interests of the dominant class. 3) That the peripheral nations have remained underdeveloped due to the selfish interests of both the peripheral ruling class (the puppets of the capitalist of the Center) and the advanced capitalist nations. The paper therefore recommends: that the peripheral social formations should pursue serious independent policies of social justice along egalitarian lines as well as economic and political self-reliance –e.g. state incentives for local industrialists and integrating and strengthening the domestic productive base to attain a self-reliant articulated economy. 2) There is need for total commitment to democratic ethos or permissiveness including popular-empowerment in every aspect for the amelioration of the human condition; among others.   Received: 29 May 2021 / Accepted: 30 June 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021
Judgment (Trial) in Absentia According to the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Republic of Albania Tota, Naim; Skenderaj , Klodjan
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 4 (2021): July 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0035

Abstract

The judgment in absentia of the defendant is included in the institutes provided in the Code of Criminal Procedure, where in many cases many problems have been encountered in our case law. The judgment in absentia must, on the one hand, guarantee the respect of the fundamental rights of the defendant and, on the other hand, guarantee the public interest in the administration of justice, through the regular exercise of judicial functions. In the Albanian legislation these conflicts of interest have been resolved by the legislator by accepting and becoming part of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1995 as well as with the amendaments made in 2017, namely, the conduct of the trial in the absence of the defendant. However, this Code also guarantees the defendant the opportunity to review the matter, in cases where he becomes aware of the decision rendered in absentia. The guarantee placed by the legislator in the code of criminal procedure has come precisely because of the practice of the ECHR but also a series of decisions of the Constitutional Court of Albania, which stated that in cases of judgments rendered in absentia, defendants have the right to have their case reviewed. This paper will analyze exactly the provisions of the Albanian criminal procedural law on the conduct of the judgment in absentia, the cases of suspension of the trial for the defendants who do not know effectively about the trial.    Received: 20 April 2021 / Accepted: 29 May 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021
Macroeconomic Fundamentals and Budget Deficit Nexus: Evidence from a Developing Economy Sanusi, Gbenga Peter
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 4 (2021): July 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0036

Abstract

The increasing budget deficit of the Nigeria’s government in the past few decades with its attendance impact on the economy is worrisome. This study examines the impacts of macroeconomic fundamentals on Nigeria’s fiscal deficit. An error correction model was specified and estimated. In terms of sign and size, the result showed that, there is an inverse relationship between budget deficit and the external reserve. This implies that an increase in the external reserve, leads to a decrease in budget deficits. A unit increase in external reserves resulted in 12.4 percent fall in budget deficit. In contrast, however, national income and interest rate showed a positive relationship with budget deficit. Increase in income expands the potential and propensity to spend. Lenders are equally more disposed to lend to the government because of the presupposed economic prosperity. The lagged value of the error correction term has the expected inverse sign of -0.42, and highly significant. The negative value of the error correction model further supports the co-integration relationship among the variables. Thus, macroeconomic variables influence budget deficits. Economic policies which minimizes macroeconomic fluctuations is paramount in curbing the negative impacts of increasing government deficit in the economy.   Received: 27 February 2021 / Accepted: 24 May 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021
Benchmarking of the English Language Component of the Mature Students’ Entrance Examinations in Ghana against the WASSCE English Language Component Asafo-Adjei, Ramos
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 4 (2021): July 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0037

Abstract

This paper was purposed on benchmarking the English language component of the Mature Students’ Entrance Examinations (MSEE) (administered in Ghana by universities to select undergraduate candidates) to the English language component of the West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE) which constitutes the mainstream Ghanaian university undergraduate entrance examination. The qualitative design (specifically, multiple case study design) was employed for this study. Using the multi-stage sampling technique, six Ghanaian universities (from whom eighteen English language component of the MSEE past questions were elicited) and three sets of the WASSCE English language component past questions administered in 2016, 2017 and 2018) were used for the study. O’Leary’s (2014) eight steps of conducting document analysis were used to analyse the data. The study revealed that there are major mismatches between the two sets of examinations in the areas of the test types, the basic language skills tested and the competences tested. The study advanced, to policy makers, suggestions such as testing Speaking and Listening for the improvement of the two sets of examinations.   Received: 11 May 2021 / Accepted: 14 June 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021
Social Challenges to the Education of Orphaned and Vulnerable Children in Eleme, Nigeria I. Eneji, Rosemary; Archibong , Esther Patrick
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 4 (2021): July 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0038

Abstract

Nigerian children under prolonged suffering because of loss of parents are faced with several challenges such as dropping out of school; in some cases, they may even be taken out of school to care for the home.  In this study, we determined the challenges (financial, emotional and psychological) to the education of orphaned and vulnerable children in Eleme Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. All the 396 orphans in orphanages in the study Area constituted the study population. A Questionnaire captioned “the challenges to the education of orphans and vulnerable children, a case study of Eleme Local Government Areas of Rivers State”, was developed for the study. Whether male or female, the children held that financial situations and emotional stress, to a high extent affected their education. The children attempt to cope with these challenges by being frugal, seeking company among themselves, and trying to develop the ability to manage their emotions. Clearly, the provision of access to finance (e.g., through special bursaries and grants) and guidance and counselling professionals will enhance the continuity and performance of orphans and vulnerable children in the schools.   Received: 4 March 2021 / Accepted: 24 May 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021

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