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Palmyra Fiber as Additional Materials on Solid Concrete Brick of Aggregate
Published by Universitas Nusa Cendana
ISSN : 20399340     EISSN : 20392117     DOI : 10.36941/mjss
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Materials Science & Nanotechnology
The use of waste as an additional material on the building work was increasingly actively developed, such as straw, styrofoam, bagasse, cow manure. The key drivers of the use of waste is the potential for waste is increasing, due to the depletion of non-renewable resources. Papyrus rod diameter 60 cm, length 30 meters, has a volume of 5,652m3 as well as the edges of the Rods that can be used for construction with a thickness of 3 cm has a volume 0,942m3, Pith and fiber volume content of the stem 4,71m3/rod, then in one rod, there are 2 to 3 bunches each fruit bunches yield as much as 20 to 30 items for one harvest, by weight of fruit fiber 101.2 gram / fruit, Fiber characteristics are round and smooth is expected to reduce cracks in solid concrete brick and also can reduce the use of sand. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of the composition of the additional material of Rods fiber content and Fiber of palmyra fruit with a percentage 3%, 6% and 9%, mixing ratio; 1 cement and 5 sand in the manufacture of solid concrete brick. Rods fiber content used the average Ø1,031mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 39,305N / cm and fruit fiber to an average value Ø0,40mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 33,691N / cm. Making test specimen with a length of 20cm, width 10cm and thick 8cm. The test results of compressive strength after 14 days with the lowest value at 3% of additional material combination of fiber content of 6% fiber stem and fruit by 70,384Kg/cm²with a water content of 15,254% In weight position 2,935Kg as well as the highest value on the combination of additional material 0% rods fiber content and 3% fruit fiber by 98,821Kg/cm² with a water content of 15,031% In weight position 3,058Kg. While N (without additional material) with a compressive strength below the average id 63,704Kg/cm2 with water content of 10,167 in weight position 3,072Kg. Research result of solid concrete brick with additional material of rods fiber content and palmyra fruit fiber was included on the type B70, the average value of the compressive strength of 78.57 Kg / cm² (SNI-03-1348-1989) with a water content of <25%.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Bangunan dan Konstruksi
Articles 17 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 6 (2021): November 2021" : 17 Documents clear
Gender and Politics: Gender Balance as a Panacea to a Credible and Successful Election Obinna Ogbonna, Hyginus; Mbah, Chidi Slessor; Imoudu, Monica O.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 6 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0051

Abstract

This paper focuses on Gender Balance as a Panacea to a Credible and Successful Election, having as its raison d’être: to review the concept of gender balance and appropriate its implications towards achieving a credible and successful election required for the existence of human centered development process in sub-Saharan Africa, with Nigeria as a case study. Thus, the paper achieves its goal by adopting a qualitative descriptive method of analysis as it examines qualitatively: the urgency for the crusade on gender balance; the inter-linkages between gender balance and a credible-successful election. A few theoretical orientations were employed to mediate for a proper epistemic extrapolations and reconstructions to explaining gender balance as a panacea to a credible and successful election: these include, the notion of Social Contract, the notion of Democratic Culture, and the notion of Participatory Electoral Process. The paper made some findings, a few of these include: 1) there is the tendency in the sub-Saharan African socio-political cultural practice, Nigeria in particular, to socially exclude women in politics because the female gender has been judged first of all from sexuality point of view as a second class gender rather than seeing women, first of all, as humans, hence entitled to human rights for which right to political participation is inclusive. 2) There is a correlation between gender balance and a credible-successful election, and the absence of the former reproduces a negative outcome in the latter. The paper therefore concludes that strict observance of gender balance is a sine qua non for a credible-successful election conducive for human centered development process. It thus recommends for the total commitment of government to democratic culture by mainstreaming women in politics, inter alia. Received: 27 July 2021 / Accepted: 15 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Do the Media Affect the Decisions of Policy Makers in Foreign Policy? Ajjan, Mazen; Mehartaj Begum, Syed
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 6 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0052

Abstract

On July 16th 2021, the U.S. newly elected President Joe Biden hosted Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kadhimi at the White House. The main topic was the future of the U.S. troops in Iraq. The controversial American invasion, after more than eighteen years, is again in focus. The American media in particular is allocating long hours of its live coverage in discussing this sensitive topic. This paper investigates the complex relationship between media and policymakers in the USA. The paper uses the invasion of Iraq in 2003 as a case study to address the question of the media’s influence on policy decision-making. By choosing two main media outlets in the "stalwart" on democracy: The New York Times and Fox News. The paper goes through a detailed account of how the Bush administration was able to impose their interpretation of the situation and how the media fostered misperceptions among the American public in one of the most world’s controversial crises. The conclusion from this analysis was that the media don’t affect policymaking. On the contrary, the American administration shaped the news coverage almost entirely. The Bush administration in 2003 was able to employ media to form its war agenda and spreading it to the public. Media, even in a democratic system, was unable to give counter argument or even a critical attitude towards Bush administration foreign policy. Received: 5 August 2021 / Accepted: 4 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Online Learning during Corona Virus 2019: Empirical Analysis Bhatti, Muhammad Tariq
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 6 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0053

Abstract

Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) was declared a worldwide pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on mid of March 2020. Globally, most governments - including Pakistan - approved extraordinary social control measures to stem the tide of this pandemic disease. These actions required social segregation and a temporary suspension of education. As with all other institutions of higher education, public and private universities will also be required to offer distance learning to students by the end of the academic year 2020–2021. Universities of private and public sector, at all levels of higher education, suspended physical classes and implemented online teaching for university students. And, this spontaneous, quick, and uncertain nature of the teaching created difficulties for students. Data on accepted procedures for directing such sudden transitions to university education were scarce, and there was no consensus on the best way to proceed. Students at public and private universities have been impacted by a shift to distance education. Studying students' academic difficulties and the unexpected benefits of distance education, and then using that information to develop strategies that could be used in emergency situations in university education, was the goal of the study. Received: 3 August 2021 / Accepted: 7 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Contribution of Regional Power Pools for Energy Security in Africa: Empirical Evidence from the Eastern and Southern African Regions Tefera, Zerubabel G.; Nzomo, Maria
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 6 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0054

Abstract

Despite the considerable energy problem in Africa, it is not clear how the proliferation of regional power pool (RPPs), as the most feasible solution, address the problem by fostering energy cooperation. The main research objective was to analyse and compare the role of RPPs, particularly the Eastern and Southern African power pools (EAPP and SAPP), in fostering energy cooperation and addressing energy security in their respective sub-regions. The study employed a mixed research design. The study targeted 100 leaders and senior experts from the EAPP, SAPP, regional economic communities, financial institutions, scholars, the African Union (AU), and the United Nations. Qualitative data were analysed thematically, while quantitative data was analysed via descriptive and inferential analysis. Simple linear regression models were used to test the hypotheses. From the finding, in Eastern Africa, weak power pool arrangement, EAPP, has contributed significantly to the prevailing energy insecurity ( =.345, p<.05); on the other hand, strong regional power pool in Southern Africa, SAPP, significantly contributes to energy security ( =.323, p< .05), thus depicting that strong RPP is a key predictor of energy security in the region. Based on the findings, the study concludes that the institutionalised attempt to energy security in Africa can address most of Africa’s energy security challenges. However, Africa must embrace the role of these energy security institutions by pursuing a deliberate policy to strengthen them so that its overall integration project, as stipulated in the African Union Agenda 2063, can be materialised. Received: 12 August 2021 / Accepted: 13 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Assessing the Effect of Federal Universities Academics and National Youth Service Corps Members on the Conduct of General Elections in Nigeria Kolawole, Aliyu M.; Ikedinma, Hope Amoge
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 6 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0055

Abstract

This study examined issues that necessitated the use of federal universities academics and national youth service corps members in the conduct of general elections in Nigeria and discussed the credibility of election management with their involvement. It also interrogated the effectiveness and challenges of using them by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). The study utilised primary data that was collected through semi-structured interviews with thirty respondents. Secondary data was sourced from periodicals, journals, election manuals, and electoral act of 2010 as amended. The data collected were analysed using content analysis. The study showed that the need to sanitize the electoral system informed the use of universities academics and national youth service corps members. The study also showed that the academics and national youth service corps members have facilitated the credibility of the electoral system and that the activities of desperate politicians who are driven by the lust for political power are some of the challenges faced in using university academics and national youth service corps members. It is suggested that the current use of universities academics and national youth service corps members in the conduct of future elections should be sustained. Received: 5 August 2021 / Accepted: 30 september 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Emerging Dynamics in Tourism Industry Workforce Mobility in Southern Cross River State, Nigeria Akeh, Linus Beba
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 6 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0056

Abstract

The challenge of brain drain/workforce mobility/out-migration in tourism and hospitality industry workforce is a rising phenomenon. The study investigated the factors responsible for the emerging dynamics in tourism industry workforce mobility in Southern Cross River, Nigeria. Data was generated through the administration of structured questionnaire and oral interviews on the staff and workforce of tourism industry. The results revealed that on aggregate, a total of 63.50% workers had intentions to migrate from their job while 36.50% workers had no intention to migrate from their current job. Further findings revealed that low remuneration, unfavourable working hours, stress, lack of career prospects, lack of job security, unsatisfactory working conditions, health risk, and challenge of job matching were among the reasons for job out-migration among the industry workforce. The study recommended that both public and private sectors should create enabling tourism work-environment for retention of tourism employees. Received: 14 August 2021 / Accepted: 2 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Evaluating Environmental Contents in Comprehensive Passages in Junior Secondary School English Language Textbooks Used in Cross River State, Nigeria B. Obi, Florence; Agbor, Comfort Nkongho; Onnoghen, Usang Nkanu; Etan, Michael Obun; Egbonyi, Darlington Egbe; Umoh, Suzanna Joseph; Akpan, Nsikan Anthony
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 6 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0057

Abstract

Serious concerns have been raised by many stakeholders in environmental issues including Cross River State Government, educationists, non-governmental organisations and even, the international funding agencies, about the quality and level of environmental information that can be accessed in both print and electronic media. This has become imperative because proper understanding of the origin of the present environmental challenges is the key to minimise the on-going abuses in future. This study was undertaken to investigate the level of environmental awareness issues contained in comprehensive passages present in English Language textbooks used by Junior Secondary School students in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study involves counting and analysing the number of passages dealing with environmental issues in 27 textbooks based on the four types of environments: abiotic, biotic, neutral and social. Two research questions were formulated and used to guide the study. Observed data were analysed using simple percentage technique. Results show that issues concerning the environment were reflected in all the textbooks but sometimes in an undesirable proportion. It was concluded that the practice of emphasising social and abiotic environments issues at the detriment of others do not auger well for proper development and impartation of environmental awareness to students. Received: 28 July 2021 / Accepted: 30 September 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Challenges in Community Participation in Management of Nature Reserves Mahlangabeza, Luyolo; Zwelakhe, Loyiso
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 6 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0058

Abstract

The management and protection of protected areas such as nature reserves remains a primary concern for the different stakeholders involved especially the marginalised rural communities that are deprived of genuine ownership of the natural resources. Therefore, the representation of the marginalised rural communities adjacent to the protected areas has become significant in the control and utilisation of natural resources in protected areas. Community Property Associations (CPAs) have been tasked with the mandate to ensure community representation in the management of natural resources. However, their participation in the management of natural resources have been questioned and under scrutiny. The aim of this study is to investigate the challenges in communal participation in management of nature reserves. A qualitative research method was used for collecting data. Semi-structured interviews were utilised to collect data from a sample constituting n=10 respondents. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The data from this study revealed that there is limited participation by the CPA members in the management of Dwesa-Cwebe Nature Reserve. The ownership and participation in the management of natural resources by local communities is important in ensuring meaningful development. Received: 21 July 2021 / Accepted: 20 September 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Creativity and Beaded Aesthetics: Thematic Analysis of the Beadworks of David Herbert Dale Tolulope Ijisakin, Eyitayo; Ajiboye, Olusegun Jide; Abejide, Foluso Modupe; Adeyanju, Idowu Folorunso
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 6 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0059

Abstract

In traditional Africa, beads function as adornments, as designation of royalty, and in many activities that have to do with commerce, religion, and healing among others. The use of beads has however found it ways into modern artistic expression. Literature abounds on the traditional use of beads, whereas there is a dearth of literature on creative usage of beads in contemporary Nigerian art. This study therefore examines creativity in the beadworks of David Herbert Dale. Data were collected through oral interviews with David Herbert Dale and relevant key informants such as art connoiseurs and gallery owners. This study relies on the theory of aesthetic response and functional theories of art; it also adopts the visual analysis approach to evince the aesthetics and deconstruct the contents of the beadworks. The paper argues that the beadworks of Dale are visual chronicles of historical, religious, economic, and socio-cultural aspects of Nigeria in particular, and Africa as a whole. Received: 7 September 2021 / Accepted: 24 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Address Forms in Turkish Culture as a Reflection of Social Status Goktepe, Fatma Tokoz
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 12 No. 6 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2021-0060

Abstract

The study concerned itself with forms of communication and address in Turkish culture and seeks to study how they are today regarding how they have been developed historically. Many variables determine how one addresses another and the reasons behind how that forms are chosen. It is known that what is culturally acceptable and deemed polite varies across many different cultures, although some patterns are identical regardless of the culture in which they are exhibited. For the study, a survey was conducted upon several Turkish individuals, and the findings were analysed to extract specific themes and similarities in answers. The analysis was conducted via the Colaizzi method, in which a seven-step process was used to determine themes and recurring branches of themes in subjective interviews. The findings were reported upon and determined to correlate with what has been reported in previous literature on Turkish culture concerning social norms, forms of address and politeness. Received: 10 September 2021 / Accepted: 12 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021

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