Palmyra Fiber as Additional Materials on Solid Concrete Brick of Aggregate
The use of waste as an additional material on the building work was increasingly actively developed, such as straw, styrofoam, bagasse, cow manure. The key drivers of the use of waste is the potential for waste is increasing, due to the depletion of non-renewable resources. Papyrus rod diameter 60 cm, length 30 meters, has a volume of 5,652m3 as well as the edges of the Rods that can be used for construction with a thickness of 3 cm has a volume 0,942m3, Pith and fiber volume content of the stem 4,71m3/rod, then in one rod, there are 2 to 3 bunches each fruit bunches yield as much as 20 to 30 items for one harvest, by weight of fruit fiber 101.2 gram / fruit, Fiber characteristics are round and smooth is expected to reduce cracks in solid concrete brick and also can reduce the use of sand. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of the composition of the additional material of Rods fiber content and Fiber of palmyra fruit with a percentage 3%, 6% and 9%, mixing ratio; 1 cement and 5 sand in the manufacture of solid concrete brick. Rods fiber content used the average Ø1,031mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 39,305N / cm and fruit fiber to an average value Ø0,40mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 33,691N / cm. Making test specimen with a length of 20cm, width 10cm and thick 8cm. The test results of compressive strength after 14 days with the lowest value at 3% of additional material combination of fiber content of 6% fiber stem and fruit by 70,384Kg/cm²with a water content of 15,254% In weight position 2,935Kg as well as the highest value on the combination of additional material 0% rods fiber content and 3% fruit fiber by 98,821Kg/cm² with a water content of 15,031% In weight position 3,058Kg. While N (without additional material) with a compressive strength below the average id 63,704Kg/cm2 with water content of 10,167 in weight position 3,072Kg. Research result of solid concrete brick with additional material of rods fiber content and palmyra fruit fiber was included on the type B70, the average value of the compressive strength of 78.57 Kg / cm² (SNI-03-1348-1989) with a water content of <25%.
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Putting Education Back at the Center: Some Reflections and Proposals on the Italian Situation
Emanuela Susca
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 14 No. 3 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing
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DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2023-0014
In this article, I address issues of inequality in Italy and, in particular, the role that education can play in fighting inequality. Moving beyond the nevertheless real problem of the scarcity of funds allocated by the Italian governments to education, I focus on the objectives that should inform spending criteria, thus emphasizing the importance of truly inclusive education, achievable through an ambitious path of comprehensive and incisive reforms. A country that does not excel in the civic sense and that for some scholars is even becoming less civilized, Italy should put education back at the center not only as a matter of social justice, but also to avert decline and improve the quality of its democratic coexistence. Received: 22 February 2023 / Accepted: 27 April 2023 / Published: 5 May 2023
Assessment of Community Participation in Heritage Management in Algeria: Case of Safeguarded Sectors (Analysis Through Legislation Documents)
Sabiha Timhadjelt;
Soumia Bouzaher;
Sarra Kachef
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 14 No. 3 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing
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DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2023-0015
Heritage management in Algeria is a process governed by legal texts that date from the end of the 20th century. In the light of the international issues at stake in community-based management, it appears essential that heritage management in Algeria should be directed to participatory approaches with a vision of socio-cultural development and sustainability. This paper aims to investigate and assess community participation in the legislation regulating heritage management, specifically safeguarded areas and their permanent plans for safeguarding and enhancing safeguarded areas (PPSMVSS).To achieve this, a documentary research was carried out on several laws and executive decrees since Algeria's independence until 1998, when the current law No. 98-04 was promulgated. The findings reveal that local actors such as associations and the local population are poorly involved in participation and decision-making. The management of safeguarded areas in Algeria is a government-led process in in which the main actors are the relevant government and its institutions. Received: 13 February 2023 / Accepted: 23 April 2023 / Published: 5 May 2023
Fiscal Policy Option for Abatement of Free Rider Society: The Role of Institutional Quality in Nigeria
Silva Opuala Charles;
Jonah O. Orji
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 14 No. 3 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing
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DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2023-0016
The government revenue downward trend across the globe has a serious implication on provision of public good. And the consequences of free riding manifested by tax evasion impedes social progress. In this study, we examined the Fiscal Policy Option for Abatement of Free Rider Society: The Role of Institutional Quality with special focus on Nigerian economy. We deployed Quantile Regression Technique to assess the median impact of free-riding using government expenditure on economic and social services; comprised of: defense, health, road and construction, and education. Our finding shows that expenditure on defense reduces free riding when strategically managed but encourages free riding in the long run. Same result is shown with the government expenditure on health. Whereas, expenditure on education as well as road and construction discourages free riding. Also, the moderating role of institutional quality specifically, control of corruption decreases free riding and improve tax revenue generation. Growth of free riders in any society which comes in the form of tax evasion is effectively controlled by expenditure techniques of government guided by quality of institutions. The study recommended that: A special purpose vehicle from Federal Inland Revenue Service should be created as a ‘fiscal control unit’, to monitor electronic cash registers to be connected in hospitals, public schools and social services related departments in order to curb tax leakages due to free riders. Also, government should strengthen the campaign in favour of control of corruption as well as building strong institutions; rather than building strong private individuals who posed as sacred cow in punishment for tax evasion. Received: 29 February 2023 / Accepted: 23 April 2023 / Published: 5 May 2023
Knowledge on Sexual Reproductive Health and Risk Behaviours of Adolescents in Abeokuta South Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria
Adijat Motunrayo Ariyo;
Ojurabayo Motunrayo Sotayo;
Temitayo Kofoworola Olurin;
Oose Matthew;
Tolu Eni-Olorunda;
O. O Onabanjo
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 14 No. 3 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing
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DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2023-0017
This study assessed sexual risk behaviour and knowledge of sexual and reproductive health among adolescents in Abeokuta South Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 411 adolescents for the study. Data were analyzed using mean, frequency counts, percentages, and chi-square test. The findings show that the source of information on sexual and reproductive health was the mother (90.0%) with majority of respondents having high knowledge on the discourse. Only few of the respondents (18.0%) had ever had sexual intercourse while majority (82.0%) never had sexual intercourse. Of the 18% who had ever had sex, 9% were willing while others were either coerced, forced, or tricked. The mean age of respondents and partners at first sexual intercourse was 15 and 16 years respectively. Sexual risk behaviours among adolescents having multiple sex partners (96.0%) and unprotected sex without condom (95.0%). Respondents have high knowledge on sexual and reproductive health (SRH). However, knowledge of SRH is not associated with respondents gender. There is a significant association (p<0.05) between respondents’ gender and their sexual risk behaviour (p=0.022). Adolescents engage in sexual risks behaviours despite their knowledge on SRH. The study has implication for policy. Received: 15 February 2023 / Accepted: 25 April 2023 / Published: 5 May 2023
Examining the Traditional Methods of Crime Control in an Identified Traditional Community: An Invitation to the Socio-Anthropological Jurisprudence of Mpam Community of Ahiazu Mbaise, Imo State
Hyginus Obinna Ogbonna;
Chidi Slessor Mbah;
C.A.C Chukwunka;
Benedict Ibukun Ajayi
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 14 No. 3 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing
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DOI: 10.36941/mjss-2023-0018
The paper focuses on assessing the traditional methods of crime control in an identified traditional community. Its main objective is to examine critically the traditional methods of crime control in a particular traditional community so as to appreciate the effectiveness of the traditional methods in crime control. To achieve this objective, the traditional community of Mpam in Ahiazu Mbaise L.G.A of Imo state was identified. An ethnographic non-participant descriptive method of analysis was used. Its sources of information included observations as well as secondary sources (books, journals, and the internet). A few theories were identified and reviewed, and the Control theory of Crime was adopted as the theoretical framework. In its investigation, some findings were made; these include: Crime Control measures serve as deterrents to prevent people from criminal behaviors; crime control methods in traditional societies may be primitive in nature, but they help in effectively controlling crimes among the natives; besides, society itself may be contributory in causing people to engage in criminal behavior. The paper therefore concludes that, in as much as crime is inevitable in all human societies (modern or traditional) effective crime control methods are the remedy to combat crime to achieve societal harmony. And thus, recommends: government should encourage traditional societies to retain some of their traditional crime control methods that have proved to be effective in controlling crime among the people; the leadership of traditional societies should review and adjust some of their traditional crime control methods that may infringe on the individual’s human rights, inter alia. Received: 26 February 2023 / Accepted: 20 April 2023 / Published: 5 May 2023