Palmyra Fiber as Additional Materials on Solid Concrete Brick of Aggregate
The use of waste as an additional material on the building work was increasingly actively developed, such as straw, styrofoam, bagasse, cow manure. The key drivers of the use of waste is the potential for waste is increasing, due to the depletion of non-renewable resources. Papyrus rod diameter 60 cm, length 30 meters, has a volume of 5,652m3 as well as the edges of the Rods that can be used for construction with a thickness of 3 cm has a volume 0,942m3, Pith and fiber volume content of the stem 4,71m3/rod, then in one rod, there are 2 to 3 bunches each fruit bunches yield as much as 20 to 30 items for one harvest, by weight of fruit fiber 101.2 gram / fruit, Fiber characteristics are round and smooth is expected to reduce cracks in solid concrete brick and also can reduce the use of sand. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of the composition of the additional material of Rods fiber content and Fiber of palmyra fruit with a percentage 3%, 6% and 9%, mixing ratio; 1 cement and 5 sand in the manufacture of solid concrete brick. Rods fiber content used the average Ø1,031mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 39,305N / cm and fruit fiber to an average value Ø0,40mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 33,691N / cm. Making test specimen with a length of 20cm, width 10cm and thick 8cm. The test results of compressive strength after 14 days with the lowest value at 3% of additional material combination of fiber content of 6% fiber stem and fruit by 70,384Kg/cm²with a water content of 15,254% In weight position 2,935Kg as well as the highest value on the combination of additional material 0% rods fiber content and 3% fruit fiber by 98,821Kg/cm² with a water content of 15,031% In weight position 3,058Kg. While N (without additional material) with a compressive strength below the average id 63,704Kg/cm2 with water content of 10,167 in weight position 3,072Kg. Research result of solid concrete brick with additional material of rods fiber content and palmyra fruit fiber was included on the type B70, the average value of the compressive strength of 78.57 Kg / cm² (SNI-03-1348-1989) with a water content of <25%.
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<![CDATA[Land Value Determinants and Rental Values of Office Spaces in Ikeja, Nigeria ]]>
<![CDATA[Olawande, Oni A.]]>;
<![CDATA[Ayodele, Ajayi C.]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study was carried out to examine the contributions of land value determinants to variability in rental values of offices inIkeja, Nigeria. In doing so, road network which has not received much consideration in studies on property value determinants, weredecomposed into its explanatory variables of quality, length, connectivity, and density, in addition to other variables like location, demand,accessibility, and supply of commercial properties in the study area. Multiple regression analysis of the data at 95% confidence levelshowed that accessibility (P-value=0.0045), demand (P-value=0.0022), supply (P-value=0.0115) ANOVA indicated 0.0423proving that road network have significant effect on rental value of office spaces in the study area. Similarly, step-wise regression analysisreturned four variables accessibility (0.0011), demand (0.0004), location (0.0413) and supply (0.0028) as the variables that actuallygreatly affect the rental values. The study has reinforced the importance of accessibility to development and investors wishing to embark onreal estate development should be conversant with the level of accessibility of the arterial roads along which such development will locate.Decision on the location of such development project should be based on a pragmatic approach such that selected locations would bring thehighest return that is adequate and sufficient to compensate investors.]]>
<![CDATA[Factors Affecting the Performance of Labour in Nigerian Construction Sites ]]>
<![CDATA[Fagbenle , Olabosipo I.]]>;
<![CDATA[Ogunde, Ayodeji O.]]>;
<![CDATA[Owolabi , James D.]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[The paper identified some factors perceived to be negatively affecting the performance of construction labour and also examinedhow these factors vary from site to site in the Nigerian construction industry. To achieve this, structured questionnaires were administeredon contractors and labour (operatives) on forty construction sites in the study area to sample their opinions. A Likert statistical techniquewas employed for the analysis in this perspective. The result indicated that unfair wages (RI = 0.89), negative influencing factors (RI =0.85) and lack of motivation (RI = 0.79) were ranked high by the labour while the contractors ranked lack of training (RI = 0.84),poor communication (RI = 0.79) and inclement weather (RI = 0.71) as being affecting the performance labour in this respect. It wasrecommended, among other things, that contractors must study the peculiarities of their workers and identify their main motivators.]]>
<![CDATA[Age and Qualification as Influencer of Facet-Specific Job Satisfaction ]]>
<![CDATA[Ghazi, Safdar Rehman]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[The purpose of this study was to document age and qualification influence on facet-specific levels of job satisfaction as measuredby the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ). The Long Form MSQ 1967 was chosen to measure satisfaction levels of twentyjob facets. The head teachers with younger and older age, bachelor degree holders, obtained high means than head teachers with middle ageand master degree holders. Significant differences were found among different age groups for different dimensions of job. Therefore, nosignificant differences were observed for qualification. Younger and older age head teachers were significantly more satisfied with almost allthe dimensions of the job than the middle age head teachers. No significant differences were found between the head teachers with bachelordegree and the head teachers with master degree for any dimension of the job. Results based on this study provide a sufficient ground toframe the following recommendations; salary of the teachers should be increased, a large amount in annual budget should be reserved toimprove the working conditions in the schools, special attention should be given to facilitate the medium age teachers, studies onsatisfaction and age should be conducted to investigate the reason why satisfaction increases in younger and older age while decreases inmiddle age, and studies on satisfaction to investigate more predictors to job satisfaction should be conducted.]]>
<![CDATA[Employment Opportunities for the Certificate Holders: an Analysis of New Social Milieu in the Context of Banking Sector of Pakistan ]]>
<![CDATA[Mahmood, Babak]]>;
<![CDATA[Saba, Ayesha]]>;
<![CDATA[Khaliq, Mehreen]]>;
<![CDATA[Hussain, Shabbir]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[The study was conducted to evaluate the importance of banking diploma of IBP (Institute of bankers of Pakistan). Likewisethe study also focused on the employment benefits for IBP certified individuals. As in consideration about this study IBP certification wasindependent variable and dependency of employment opportunities were checked upon independent variable. Many intervening variables forinstance opportunities of being promoted, high banking insight, knowledge of banking laws and diversified skills were studied carefully forthe purpose of getting beneficial results This research was based on quantitative approach and for the sake of getting knowledge aboutworth of IBP diploma study was conducted in diversified banks by selecting people randomly from each bank. A sample of 100 peoplewas selected and a structured questionnaire based on likert scale was developed and data was collected from different branches of banks.Descriptive (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Bi- variate analysis) were applied for data analysis.Findings showedthat IBP diploma has great significance for banks and IBP certified people are preferred by most of the banks including private,government, Islamic and non Islamic banks. Bi-variate analysis showed that with completion of each stage of IBP certification, level of jobopportunities in banking sector is increased for IBP certified people. This study emphasized that In Pakistan IBP certification is of greatimportance and its benefits are numerous in banking sector of Pakistan with regard to job opportunities. This certification IBP instituteprovide sound basis for getting good jobs in all types of banks of Pakistan.]]>
<![CDATA[Dancing Under the House: Woman & Absence in Israel ]]>
<![CDATA[Baum, Rob]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This feminist participatory ethnography reflexively examines constraints on women in Palestinian culture in Northern Israel,as typified by differences in space, volume, musical rhythm, costume, convenience and honour. Observations were conducted at a haflah, orwedding party, held over several days, and subsequently through follow-up. The article does not essentialise Palestinian culture orundermine Arab women: the ethnographer’s inclusion into the family paradoxically permitted her an “inside†perspective where bothPalestinians and Israelis could (or would) not go. In Israel’s margins within margins, the lives of Arab Muslim women lie farthest fromthe nucleus of power. Literally dancing under the house also symbolically elided the bodies of women with the house, its foundations, subterrain,and hidden spaces, locating the domestic beneath or beyond the view of men. A small plastic doll performed as a simulacrum oftraditional Palestinian femaleness and domesticity in which women are best kept unseen. The article incorporates traditional storytelling,Prophetic hadith, and contemporary Palestinian poetry.]]>
<![CDATA[Causes of Absenteeism from the Schools at Secondary Level ]]>
<![CDATA[Shahzada, Gulap]]>;
<![CDATA[Ghazi, Safdar Rehman]]>;
<![CDATA[Nawaz, Habib]]>;
<![CDATA[Khan, AbdUllah]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[The study aimed at to find out different causes of students’ absenteeism at secondary level in district Bannu, to sort out social,political and economic factors involved in the students’ absenteeism at secondary level. All secondary level students’ of district Bannuconstituted population of the study.100 students who frequently remained absent from the schools were conveniently selected as a sample ofthe study. Percentages have been used as statistical technique to analyze the data. Results of the study showed that most frequent causes ofthe absence of the students from the schools were their families’ participation in social activities, students help their parents in their work,too much home work and too many tests and examinations. It was recommended that by the care and concentration of parents, childrencan be encouraged to go to school. Availability of the school building, furniture, adequate libraries and clean and healthy environment,introducing modern methods and techniques, keeping in view the interests and needs of the children, providing financial aid to the studentswho are unable to afford the educational expenses, teachers’ sympathetic attitude are factors which can motivate and attract studentstowards schools.]]>
<![CDATA[EFL Learners’ Learning Styles and Their Attributes ]]>
<![CDATA[Tuan, Luu Trong]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This research was conducted to examine EFL students’ preferred learning styles, and linkages between learning stylepreferences and individual attributes such as fields of study, length of tertiary study, gender, age, learning language experience, andEnglish proficiency level. 172 students were invited to participate in the questionnaire survey. The findings revealed that perceptuallearning style preferences were impacted by some attributes, particularly fields of study and length of tertiary study. The dominant learningstyle preferences for the sample were kinesthetic and tactile. The higher levels of English EFL students got the more kinesthetic and tactilethey appeared. Furthermore, the students with the shortest length of studying English tended to be those with a variety of preferredlearning styles, except individual. As far as gender was concerned, females showed a stronger tendency toward kinesthetic while males gavemore preference to tactile learning.]]>
<![CDATA[Assessment of Total Quality Management Practices and Organizational Development. (The case of Telecom Services Sector of Pakistan) ]]>
<![CDATA[Sajjad, Faiza]]>;
<![CDATA[Amjad, Shehla]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[The main purpose of this study is to determine the various benefits an organization can derive from the application of totalquality management practices, or the relationship between total quality management and quality outcomes/benefits in services sector oftelecom industry of Pakistan. The study is based on primary and secondary data. Eight most important constructs were found throughliterature review for conceptual framework in this study. Primary data is collected through questionnaires. The same questionnaire wasused in comparison of TQM practices in different countries such as India, USA, Mexico, China and Norway. The theoreticalframework adopted is by Raghunathan et al. (1999). Findings revealed that TQM practices and implementation have positive effects onquality benefits or outcome (productivity, profitability, competitive position, reduce customer complaints, cost reduction, reduce rework level,reduces scrap level, stay in business) in services sector of telecom industry of Pakistan. Benchmarking also plays a significant role in thedevelopment of organizations. In addition to the research data, findings from different field studies and other research works have furthersupported conclusion drawn from this research, that TQM practices have positive effect on organizational development. The findings basedon this empirical research would be useful to both decision makers and researchers.]]>
<![CDATA[Cultural Diversity in Pakistan: National vs Provincial ]]>
<![CDATA[Shah, Syed Afzal Moshadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Amjad, Shehla]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[The purpose of the research was to investigate the cultural dimensions of the four provinces of Pakistan i.e. KhyberPakhtunkhwa, Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan of Pakistan and their comparison with national culture. The research capitalizes upon themethodology devised by Hofstede et. al (2008) in order to investigate the cultural dimensions. A total 557 questionnaires were used inorder to reach the final analysis by using descriptive statistics and test of significance. Research findings show an existence of a culturaldiversity among different provinces of Pakistan, where Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) possessing the most distinctive culture. Besideprovincial disparity with national culture on one to one basis, it does not affect the results on aggregate basis. Hence the national cultureremains a true representation of the country. The nature of subcultures within provinces and the level of their impact was the majorlimitation of the research. The research would benefit businesses in Pakistan at large both local and Multi-national organizations.VSM-08 is the latest version of all the methodologies devised by Hofstede. No study has yet been conducted in Pakistan to identifycultural dimensions on province level using the parameters defined in this model. Future research on different management and marketingaspects in Pakistani culture can be conducted in the light of this research.]]>
<![CDATA[Wilson and Gould: The Engagement of the Sciences and the Humanities ]]>
<![CDATA[Carbonell, Curtis D.]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This article looks at two evolutionary theorists, E.O. Wilson and Stephen Jay Gould, whose differing notions of consiliencereflect a fundamental divide on the nature of the relationship between the sciences and the humanities. This article reads Wilson as seeinga need for the social sciences and humanities to move toward the reductive methods and principles of the natural sciences. It charts a briefintellectual history of Wilson’s argument. This article presents Gould and his wish to approach the sciences and the humanities asindependent domains of investigation. At issue between Gould and Wilson is the weight given to analysis and synthesis. Wilson is keento argue that both methods, the analytical breaking down of parts via reduction and the synthetic rebuilding of knowledge, are importantin his endeavor of consilience. This article argues that reduction is weighted heavier by Wilson (if only because the sciences are better at it).However, Gould’s approach values the sort of synthesis that can also be found in the humanities, predicated on the basic understandingthat the parts cannot always describe the whole. In this way, the synthetic move upward from analysis is considered to be a differentprocess altogether. Thus, Gould looks to the humanities as an example of how this might be done. In such a way, Gould promotes anequal engagement by both domains instead of marginalizing one at the benefit of the other.]]>
