Palmyra Fiber as Additional Materials on Solid Concrete Brick of Aggregate
The use of waste as an additional material on the building work was increasingly actively developed, such as straw, styrofoam, bagasse, cow manure. The key drivers of the use of waste is the potential for waste is increasing, due to the depletion of non-renewable resources. Papyrus rod diameter 60 cm, length 30 meters, has a volume of 5,652m3 as well as the edges of the Rods that can be used for construction with a thickness of 3 cm has a volume 0,942m3, Pith and fiber volume content of the stem 4,71m3/rod, then in one rod, there are 2 to 3 bunches each fruit bunches yield as much as 20 to 30 items for one harvest, by weight of fruit fiber 101.2 gram / fruit, Fiber characteristics are round and smooth is expected to reduce cracks in solid concrete brick and also can reduce the use of sand. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of the composition of the additional material of Rods fiber content and Fiber of palmyra fruit with a percentage 3%, 6% and 9%, mixing ratio; 1 cement and 5 sand in the manufacture of solid concrete brick. Rods fiber content used the average Ø1,031mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 39,305N / cm and fruit fiber to an average value Ø0,40mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 33,691N / cm. Making test specimen with a length of 20cm, width 10cm and thick 8cm. The test results of compressive strength after 14 days with the lowest value at 3% of additional material combination of fiber content of 6% fiber stem and fruit by 70,384Kg/cm²with a water content of 15,254% In weight position 2,935Kg as well as the highest value on the combination of additional material 0% rods fiber content and 3% fruit fiber by 98,821Kg/cm² with a water content of 15,031% In weight position 3,058Kg. While N (without additional material) with a compressive strength below the average id 63,704Kg/cm2 with water content of 10,167 in weight position 3,072Kg. Research result of solid concrete brick with additional material of rods fiber content and palmyra fruit fiber was included on the type B70, the average value of the compressive strength of 78.57 Kg / cm² (SNI-03-1348-1989) with a water content of <25%.
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<![CDATA[Valuers’ and Valuation Firms’ Characteristics as Causes of Inaccuracy in Valuation in Nigeria ]]>
<![CDATA[Babawale, G. K.]]>;
<![CDATA[Omirin, M. M.]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[Studies in a number of countries have identified certain factors as major contributors to inaccuracy in real property valuation.Of these, individual characteristics of valuers and to a lesser degree, the ethical culture of the firms that engage them, are foremost anduniversal. This study evaluates the predictive and relative importance of individual characteristics of valuers/valuation firms thatcontribute to inaccuracy in residential property valuation in Lagos, Nigeria. It also includes the results of an empirical study on the levelof accuracy achieved by valuers in the study area. Information elicited from senior partners of 250 firms of Estate Surveyors and valuers(appraisers) operating within Lagos metropolis were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed a degreeof inaccuracy that is beyond the industry’s tolerance limits. The study also identified the experience and exposure of valuers; the number ofvaluations undertaken by valuers within a period of time; professional status of valuers; valuers’ familiarity with relevant markets; andinterestingly, the gender of valuers, in that order, as factors that significantly contribute to inaccuracy in residential property valuation inthe study area. The paper prescribes, among others, quality assurance measures, and a more proactive regulatory framework, as immediatemeasures required to curb complacency and excesses among valuers and valuation firms in the study area.]]>
<![CDATA[Evaluation of Transaction Cost of Unlawful Business in Southern Thailand ]]>
<![CDATA[Achariya, Chinasak Suwan]]>;
<![CDATA[Leesahad, Tasanee]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This research aimed to evaluate transaction cost on trade cycle a type of illegal oil between Thailand -Malaysia borders atSadao Customs Checkpoint, Sadao District, Songkhla Province relating to the trading network of illegal oil, Nathawee District,Songkhla Province and to study certain influence of transaction cost per marginal expenditure for the import of illegal one. Besides, theresearch found that entrepreneur’s the import procedure of illegal oil was the key factor which were occurred special expenditure aboutcustoms official and interception point official’s benefits as well as transaction cost, finally, caused marginal expenditure increasedalso.Transaction cost on entrepreneur’s the import procedure of illegal oil expended more less approximately 1% of total expenditure,effecting therefore entrepreneurs were able to make a high profitable business in each month. As a result, the research discovered that stepsreduced the import of illegal oil, this operation must result to the higher transaction cost and it will be carried out by the informationtechnology systems to manage inventory turnover systems including as open systems that allowed public sectors or association of oil tradingbusiness in own province participated to operate with policies administration.]]>
<![CDATA[20 Years of Efforts to Establish and Implement a Quality Assurance System in Greek Higher Education ]]>
<![CDATA[Kavasakalis, Aggelos]]>;
<![CDATA[Stamelos, George]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[The establishment and implementation of a quality assurance system in Greek universities is a policy theme that alwaysreinforced the conflict in the specific policy arena. Policy document analysis is used for the analysis of the efforts on producing andimplementing such policies. Relevant data is drawn by a larger scale research, in which, higher education is considered as a policy arenawhere actors form networks that try to translate their common beliefs into public policy. Paper’s hypothesis is that quality assurancepolicies in Greek universities are being developed following and in agreement with corresponding European education policies since Greeceis both an EU member and a participant on Bologna process. Although these external influences result the establishment of relative toEuropean developments legislative framework, Greek governments face hindrances during implementation of these policies. To overcomethe intense and reactions they indirectly prompt evaluation of universities by various, not institutionalized, evaluation programs.]]>
<![CDATA[Reconciliation and Transitional Justice in Macedonia, Ten Years Later ]]>
<![CDATA[Ljubomir, D. FrÄkoski]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[Main hypothesis of the text is: that Reconciliation process in every post conflicting situation is relatively independent of thesuccess of the normative , and institutional arrangement of the agreement for peace . The reconciliation will have to be negotiated andimplemented with parallel ,separate structure of measures , political will and monitoring system to be successful. Second hypothesis is: thatsuccessful reconciliation could be paradoxically victim of the success of the institutional part of the agreement for peace (case of Macedonia).What produce structural problem of long-term stabilization of the country in question]]>
<![CDATA[The Economic Transition of the Balkan Area and the Competitive Framework of the Albania ]]>
<![CDATA[Ronza, Luigi di]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This paper shows the results of an internship the commercial office of the Embassy of Italy in Tirana. The analysis of thecauses of the bad economic performance in the Balkan area can be referred to several phenomena like: the statistical phenomenon ofIllusion, the Keynesian theory, the credit market working, the European trade, the structural change shown by Olivier J. Blanchard andof the Cross-cultural transition. Albania has undertaken, with many difficulties, the European-road. Some progresses have been made,but even if some macroeconomic indicators can be read with a positive value, the real economy is heavily dependent on abroad. The countryshows a weak economy, the industry is lacking, a growing development has occurred in the service sector, and it is still the agriculture thatpulls the country's economy.]]>
<![CDATA[Global Economic Meltdown and the Performance of Insurance Industry: Implication for Career Opportunities ]]>
<![CDATA[Epetimehin, Festus M.]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[The economic and financial crisis, which started in the United States in September 2008, has rattled markets and economiesdeveloped, developing and underdeveloped around the globe, and because the world is linked inextricably by globalization the crisis hascontinued to dominate discussions on global economy. Many countries are experiencing severe closure of companies, loss of jobs, crash ofshare prices, squeeze in consumer credit facilities, crumbling mortgage facilities among others. In the case of the developing countries ofwhich Nigeria is one, the implications are noticeable in the areas of crash in share prices, dwindling revenues, few direct investments fromdeveloped countries, dwindling remittances from Nigerians abroad and possible erosion of foreign resources among others. This papertherefore provides a clarification of the term Global Economic Meltdown, the causes and the performance of the insurance Industry underthis situation and the implication for career opportunities.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect on Job Satisfaction and Stress of the Perceptions of Violence Climate in the Workplace ]]>
<![CDATA[Aytac, Serpil]]>;
<![CDATA[Dursun, Salih]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[The concept of violence climate is closely related to safety climate according to the employees’ perceptions of organisationalpolicies, practices and procedures directed towards controlling and preventing all kinds of violence in the workplace. This study aimed todetermine the effects of the violence prevention climate on employees’ job satisfaction and stress by determining how they perceive thedimensions of the violence climate. The study was conducted on 118 health workers in a public hospital in Turkey. The study used the18 item Violence Prevention Climate scale developed by Kessler et al (2008) translated into Turkish. The measurements consist of the 3dimensions of policies and procedures, practices and responses and pressure for unsafe practices. According to the results obtained from theresearch, while a positive significant relationship was determined between all the subdimensions of violence prevention climate and jobsatisfaction, no significant relationship was found between the violence prevention climate and the employees’ stress and anxiety levels.Moreover, a significant negative correlation was determined between depression and the violence prevention climate subdimensions ofpolicies and procedures and practices and responses.]]>
<![CDATA[Overview of the Prime Health Care Performance in Albania ]]>
<![CDATA[Kurti, Sllavka]]>;
<![CDATA[Dollani, Petrit]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[Health is a very important aspect of human life, a fundamental human right. Even philosophically, people often refer to theconcept of health as "a goal of existence." For this reason, healthcare should be considered as an important social goal of all individuals,all sectors and all institutions of a country. "Health should be an absolute priority order, as is an 'input' essential for economicdevelopment of society." After 1990 , the Albanian health faced a degradation and a greater disorganization. From a health system,which face challenges to recovery and treatment of diseases in epidemic form, it should be transformed into a new system that will be facedwith new challenges related to the change of economic system, political opening country and its transformation into a country with marketeconomy. No doubt that this radical change brought with it many challenges, but more importantly it was to find the key to realize thefundamental transformation of the health system itself and in the context of that primary. In this regard following the establishment of theInstitute of Health Insurance, definitely the most important decision-making was to change the system of financing in the primary systemby linking funding to service providers with their performance level. This paper introduces and analyses in general the prime health carefocusing particularly on the health centers performance by analyzing different indicators. Greater difficulty in this regard was theconstruction of a scoring system, which can be measured in a realistic and objective performance level attained by the primary serviceproviders. The paper is prepared by exploring the published literature and collecting data through secondary sources. Several data sourceshave been used to describe the PHC reform as well as the HC performance in the entire territory.]]>
<![CDATA[Trends and Determinants of Job Search Intensity of Unemployed Females: Empirical Evidence from Egypt ]]>
<![CDATA[Mowla, Somaya Ahmed Aly Abdel]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[The present study examines trends in unemployed females' job search intensity in Egypt in an important era of transitionaway from public sector employment guarantee. It examines determinants of job search intensity of unemployed females, modeling searchintensity as the total number of job search methods used by the unemployed. The empirical analysis is based on the Egyptian LaborMarket Surveys of 1998 and 2006. A comparative descriptive approach is used to analyze the difference between males' and females'search intensity. The study uses logistic regression analysis to examine the determinants of unemployed females' search intensity. Empiricalfindings suggest that the unemployed tend to search more intensively. However, this increase hides gender differences in search intensity.The gender gap in search intensity widened between 1998 and 2006. This gap is wider among youth than among all unemployedworkers. Examining determinants of females' search intensity reveals a significant effect of personal, household characteristics and labormarket conditions. The relationship between age and search intensity is inverted U-shaped. Education, previous work experience, andhousehold wealth have significant positive effects on search intensity. Females in labor markets where the unemployment rate is highersearch more intensively.]]>
<![CDATA[Modeling the Dynamics of Money Income in Nigeria: a Co-Integration Approach ]]>
<![CDATA[Omojimite, Ben U.]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study examined the relationship between real output, monetary aggregates, price, interest rate and exchange rate usingNigerian data. Analysis of the time series properties of the data revealed that the series are cointegrated which indicated that there is along- run relationship among the variables. We specified an error correction model to analyze the nature of relationship among thevariables. The data for the analysis were sourced mainly from the publications of the Central Bank of Nigeria. The result of theparsimonious model revealed that the error correction term of the broad money model came out with the right sign and significant, implyingthat a shock is rapidly (39%) accounted for in subsequent periods. A one period lag of real exchange rate and price has a negativerelationship with output and significant while M2 and interest rate are positively related to real output and also significant. The result ofthe variance decomposition analysis revealed that the Nigerian data supports the Monetarists’ explanations of business cycles andrecommends however that a combination of both monetary and fiscal policies be explored by the relevant authorities.]]>
