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Agromet

agromet
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 01263633 EISSN : 2655660X DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Agromet publishes original research articles or reviews that have not been published elsewhere. The scope of publication includes agricultural meteorology/climatology (the relationships between a wide range of agriculture and meteorology/climatology aspects). Articles related to meteorology/climatology and environment (pollution and atmospheric conditions) may be selectively accepted for publication. This journal is published twice a year by Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology (PERHIMPI) in collaboration with Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 23 No. 2 (2009): December 2009" : 8 Documents clear

ANALISIS PERIODE ULANG HUJAN MAKSIMUM DENGAN BERBAGAI METODE(RETURN PERIOD ANALYZE MAXIMUM RAINFALL WITH THREE METHOD) . Basuki; Iis Winarsih; Noor Laily Adhyani
Agromet Vol. 23 No. 2 (2009): December 2009
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Lush rainfall intensity in Indonesia mostly often affecting to flood disaster. Managing in flood problem must be supporting by good infrastructure of flood management such as dam, irrigation system, drainages,etc. In designing a water building, we needs maximum rainfall information with certain return period. The amount of maximum rainfall for design are different according to lifetime and reservoir capacity such as for a big dam that needs maximum rainfall information with long return period approximately 50,100 years, and for irrigation system needs shorter maximum rainfall information about 2,5,10 years. We use three methods in this analysis: E.J. Gumbel Method, Log Pearson III Method and Iway Kadoya Method. Result of analysis from above methods show that Log Pearson III method and Iway Kadoya method as identically as E.J Gumbell method.

EFEKTIVITAS PAKET PENGENDALIAN RESIKO PENYIMPANGAN IKLIM DI JAWA TENGAH(THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE RISK MANAGEMENT SCHEME IN CENTRAL JAVA) . Sarjana; Meinarti Norma; Seno Basuki
Agromet Vol. 23 No. 2 (2009): December 2009
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

This paper is summary report of study on implementation of local government designed strategies to anticipate and manage the climate change risks in Central Java. The basis of information obtained from interviews to farmers. In general, planting patterns follow schedule of water availability; therefore, farmers are more interested in talking about the lack of water compared with the excess water. According to farmers' language, climate change is the rainy season retreat. In this context, almost all respondents stated that the climate changes disrupt their farming activities. These disorders include reduction of production, planting schedule delays, increased costs of irrigation, seeds, pesticides and land management. Local agricultural agencies have been disseminating strategies to anticipate and manage the risks of climate change. Those strategies are planting reschedules, changing varieties or commodities, and improving the water management. Local governments also facilitate the implementation of those strategies, namely distribution of water pumps, and seeds according to climate prediction, and repair or construction of irrigation channels and reservoirs. Most respondents (59%) had never directly followed those socialization activities, and due to limited of the distributed facilities, only 29.87% of respondents enjoyed such facilities. However, the recipient stated that the government facilities effectively assist them in controlling the impact of climate change, and most farmers had committed the management of climate changes impacts in a manner consistent with the recommended strategy. These results show that both government assistance and collective action by farmers had the same important role in anticipating and controlling the impact of climate changes. Therefore, the government should socialize recomended strategies in a more intensive, and improve, and expand the reach of distribution facilities to implement the strategy. These efforts would stimulate farmers self-supporting as a whole, so that the programs in anticipating and controlling the impact of climate changes would be more effective.

MANFAAT EKOLOGIS DAN FINANSIAL PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CAIR AGROINDUSTRI SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU DALAM PRODUKSI BIOGAS UNTUK MEREDUKSI EMISI GAS RUMAH KACA(ECOLOGICAL AND FINANCIAL BENEFITS OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER UTILIZATION AS RAW MATER . Suprihatin
Agromet Vol. 23 No. 2 (2009): December 2009
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Agroindustries in general produce a large amount of organic wastewater. Until now, most of this organics waste-stream was not recovered and left to decompose anaerobically in ponds, where it emits methane, a potent greenhouse gas. By anaerobically digesting of the effluents in a suitable bioreactor, methane can be captured and used for combustion in gas engines or boilers. This way, uncontrolled methane emission from the anaerobic decomposition can be avoided and the utilization of fossil fuels can be replaced partly with the renewable biogas from the decomposition process. In addition, the approach of reducing green house gas emission is potentially to earn financial incentive through Clean Development Mechanism project. This paper demonstrates quantitatively some potential ecological and economical benefits derived from utilising agroindustrial effluents by treating it anaerobically to generate biogas (with cases of cane sugar factory, starch industry, palm oil mill, and tofu industry) . As illustration, for each ton cane sugar produced app. 15 m3 methane can be emitted from uncontrolled anaerobic degradation of it wastewater. By capturing the gas and transforming it into renewable biogas, a methane emission of equivalent to ≈ 272 kg CO2 can be avoided and an energy value of app. 427 MJ with a money value of app. Rp 59 600,- can be obtained. In addition, a financial incentive of app. Rp 14 850,- is possible to be earned from clean development mechanism (CDM) project. The ecological and financial benefits derived from anaerobic treatment of agroindustrial wastewater as indicated by this study should therefore become the driving force for the implementation of the approach.

RECENT EVALUATION OF RISING TEMPERATURE AND OIL PALM EXTENSION TO HIGHER ELEVATION IN NORTH SUMATRA(EVALUASI TERKINI KENAIKAN SUHU DAN PERLUASAN TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT KE DATARAN TINGGI DI SUMATERA UTARA) Nuzul Hijri Darlan; Hasril Hasan Siregar; Eka Listia; Edy Sigit Sutarta
Agromet Vol. 23 No. 2 (2009): December 2009
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Implication of climate change on oil palm plantation in Indonesia generally not much known, which could be a threat that needs attention, or maybe an opportunity. Climate change could cause the rainy season more wet and dry season drier. At other side, climate change also caused the temperature increased, which could make an extension of oil palm plantation in higher altitude become possible. Nowadays, total area of oil palm plantation in high altitude in north Sumatera was 4.725 hectares. This paper describes recent evaluation of climate change in North Sumatera province and its relation with oil palm extension and the response of oil palm productivity in higher altitude.

INCREASING WATER PRODUCTIVITY OF LOWLAND RICE THROUGH THE WATER SAVING TECHNIQUES AND CROP MANAGEMENT IN RESPONSE TO DROUGHT Didiek Setiobudi; Hasil Sembiring
Agromet Vol. 23 No. 2 (2009): December 2009
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

The water saving technology for lowland rice cultivation was very crucial because of in the future irrigation water become scarce and competed with other sectors. The lowering of the availability of irrigation water had the impact for sustainability of rice production. The review of the paper described the pattern of basic water requirement, yield responses of several lowland rice varieties to moisture stress, days interval irrigation and the alternatives of water saving techniques for improving yield and water productivity. The pattern of the actual water requirement (ET+P&S) showed the maximum value of 8.8 mm/day (1.02 lt/sec/ha) for high yielding varieties (HYV) that occurred from heading to 50% flowering. Under limited water supply, irrigation water should be applied that period to prevent yield loss. Soil moisture stress at moderate level (- 0.5 bar) from heading to full flowering was significantly decreased yield about 30% when compared with the yield of continuously flooded 3 cm depth. This period was a critical period of HYV to soil moisture stress. For rotational irrigation purposes, information of the optimum days interval irrigation was important. It was found that 3 days irrigation interval was a critical limit for HYV to achieve higher yield. The SRI model of rice cultivation had the lowest rice yield in the lowland soil, poor drainage, clay soil texture and low permeability. The modified irrigation of the SRI plus fertilizer N based on LCC readings gave a greater yield as well as water productivity. The hybrid and NPT line rice varieties had higher yield components and grain yield than Ciherang variety. Ciherang variety was not favor to grown for the wet season, it was more productive when grown in dry season even with AWD irrigation model. The plant spacing of 25 cm x 25 cm gave higher number of panicle/hill and number of spikelet/panicle under both AWD and continuously flooded 3 cm depth for dry and wet season consistently. The fertilizer N management based on SSNM with low and high rates for the early vegetative stage were not significantly affected all yield components and grain yield. The AWD irrigation could save irrigation water about 18% when compared to the continuously flooded conditions.The grain yield of the hybrid, inbred and NPT line rice varieties was higher for the dry season than wet season under both AWD irrigation and continuous flooding consistently.

VALIDATION TECHNIQUE FOR SIMPLE OPERATIONAL USE (INDRAMAYU, SUMEDANG, AND MAJALENGKA DISTRICTS CASE OF 2003) TEKNIK VALIDASI UNTUK PENGGUNAAN OPERASI SEDERHANA (KASUS KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU, SUMEDANG, DAN MAJALENGKA TAHUN 2003) Yunus S. Swarinoto
Agromet Vol. 23 No. 2 (2009): December 2009
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

The model output of rainfall total prediction has to be validated before being applied to the operational use. After understanding the accuracy of this rainfall total prediction output, one has to make decision whether applying it in the field or not. This depends upon the value of accuracy as well. Validation technique for simple operational use can be made by applying Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and spatial rainfall defferentiation values (ΔRR). The Wavelet Transformation Technique (WTT) for providing rainfall total prediction output of rainy and transition seasons 2003 had been applied to the domain of interest Indramayu, Sumedang, and Majalengka districts. Results show that during January 2003 (rainy season respectively) r = 0.65 with RMSE = 296 mm and 75.39% spatial disagreement area; but within April 2003 (transition season respectively) r = 0.49 with RMSE = 152 mm and 43.55% spatial disagreement area. Topography condition has play a role to the rainfall deferenciation values, especially for Lee-ward location. This is described by higher differentiation values of rainfall total prediction after reaching the top of elevation above mean sea level.

DAMPAK PENGURANGAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU (RTH) PERKOTAAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN SUHU UDARA DENGAN METODE PENGINDERAAN JAUH (IMPACT REDUCING URBAN GREEN SPACE TOWARDS INCREASING AIR TEMPERATURE USING LANDSAT DATA) Sobri Effendy
Agromet Vol. 23 No. 2 (2009): December 2009
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

The aim of this study is to determine correlation urban green space and air temperature using landsat data at JABOTABEK. Using Landsat data can cover deficit data from conventional climate station also can to identify magnitude urban green space. Air temperature series are derived from band 6 images Landsat data, including the NDVI from band 3 and 4 which is used as the bases for generating urban green space of the study area. The correlation urban green space and air temperature are non-linier correlation to entire all locations Jakarta, Bogor city and regency, also Tangerang and Bekasi. Reduction or increasing urban green space causes enhanced or depreciation air temperature with differ magnitude, where every decreased 50% urban green space area causes increase air temperature up 0.4 to 1.8oC, while the increase 50 % of urban green space area only decrease air temperature as big as up 0.2 to 0.5oC. This result that important meaning to defend urban green space reduction, also using Landsat data can equip climate data deficit from conventional climate station.

ANALISIS DAMPAK ENSO (EL-NINO SOUTHERN OSCILLATION) TERHADAP TINGKAT KEKERINGAN UNTUK TANAMAN PANGAN DAN PALAWIJA (STUDI KASUS : SULAWESI SELATAN) Yon Sugiarto; Dori Kurniawan
Agromet Vol. 23 No. 2 (2009): December 2009
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Weather and climate variability is a long-term weather changes that are characterized by fluctuations and deviations from normal conditions. One possible cause is the ENSO (El-Nino Southern Oscillation) which affected in drought events. This research was conducted to determine and analyze the level of drought in South Sulawesi due to the influence of ENSO and compare the production of food crops and secondary food crops in normal years and ENSO.Drought index is calculated based on the Palmer method by using data of rainfall, air temperature and soil moisture as input. Based on the calculations using the method of Palmer drought index, the regions with monsoon rain patterns have a range of values between -22.71 drought until 18:23, Equatorial patterns ranging from -4.03 to 5:07, and on local patterns rangedfrom -8.57 until 10:07. Verification test results on the drought index of crop production data showed that each ENSO event is always followed by a decline in rice production, especially of rice fields. Food crop production generally tends to increase at each ENSO event because most crops are plants that are resistant to drought, particularly local varieties that have adapted well to their environment. Thus, the drought caused by the influence of ENSO can affect the production of food crops and secondary food crops.

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