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Ma'mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel
ISSN : 27751333     EISSN : 27746127     DOI : 10.15642/mal
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Mamal Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum covers various issues on interdisciplinary Syariah and Law from Islamic history, thought, law, politics, economics, education, to social and cultural practices.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 5 No. 5 (2024): Oktober" : 5 Documents clear
Dinamika Konsep Gharar dalam Transaksi Keuangan Perspektif Ulama Fikih Klasik Affero, Muhammad Izzam; Mustofa, Imron
Ma’mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 5 No. 5 (2024): Oktober
Publisher : Laboratorium Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya (https://uinsa.ac.id/fsh/facility)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/mal.v5i5.383

Abstract

Abstract: The concept of gharar in classical Islamic law is one of the fundamental principles in Islamic financial and economic transactions. Gharar refers to uncertainty or excessive risk in an agreement that can cause injustice to one of the parties. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of the concept of gharar from the perspective of classical scholars, such as Imam Al-Ghazali, Ibn Qudamah, and Ibn Taimiyah, as well as its application in contemporary economic transactions. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a literature study on classical and modern literature. The results of the study show that gharar is categorized into two, namely gharar fahish (excessive), which is forbidden, and gharar yasir (light), which is tolerated in Islamic law. This concept plays an important role in ensuring fairness and legal certainty in Islamic financial transactions. This study contributes to understanding the principles of muamalah fiqh and the urgency of stricter regulation in the Islamic finance industry to avoid gharar practices in modern transactions, such as conventional insurance and uncertainty-based investment schemes. Keywords: Gharar, classical Islamic law, uncertainty, financial transactions, Islamic finance. Abstrak: Konsep gharar dalam hukum Islam klasik merupakan salah satu prinsip fundamental dalam transaksi keuangan dan ekonomi Islam. Gharar merujuk pada ketidakpastian atau risiko berlebihan dalam suatu akad yang dapat menimbulkan ketidakadilan bagi salah satu pihak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika konsep gharar dalam perspektif ulama klasik, seperti Imam Al-Ghazali, Ibn Qudamah, dan Ibn Taimiyah, serta penerapannya dalam transaksi ekonomi kontemporer. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi pustaka terhadap literatur klasik dan modern. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa gharar dikategorikan menjadi dua, yaitu gharar fahish (berlebihan) yang diharamkan dan gharar yasir (ringan) yang ditoleransi dalam hukum Islam. Konsep ini berperan penting dalam memastikan keadilan dan kepastian hukum dalam transaksi keuangan syariah. Studi ini memberikan kontribusi dalam memahami prinsip-prinsip fiqh muamalah dan urgensi regulasi yang lebih ketat dalam industri keuangan Islam untuk menghindari praktik gharar dalam transaksi modern, seperti asuransi konvensional dan skema investasi berbasis ketidakpastian. Kata Kunci: Gharar, hukum Islam klasik, ketidakpastian, transaksi keuangan, keuangan syariah.
Relevansi dan Tantangan Penerapan Prinsip Ekonomi Syariah dalam Era Ekonomi Digital M, Abdullah Aryasatya Putra; Sri Wigati; Akbar, Dilfikar; Wicaksana, Darel Hylmi
Ma’mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 5 No. 5 (2024): Oktober
Publisher : Laboratorium Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya (https://uinsa.ac.id/fsh/facility)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/mal.v5i5.392

Abstract

Abstract: The rapid development of the digital economy has brought significant changes in global financial and business transactions. In this context, the sharia economy offers an alternative system based on justice, transparency, and social welfare. This article aims to analyze the relevance of sharia economics in the digital economy as well as identify the main challenges of its implementation. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach with literature studies from scientific journals, regulations, and related industry reports. An analysis was carried out on sharia economic principles such as the prohibition of usury, maysir, gharar, and social justice in the digital context. The results of the study show that sharia principles have the potential to form a more ethical and inclusive digital ecosystem, for example through sharia fintech, digital sharia capital markets, and sharia blockchains. However, there are challenges in the form of regulatory limitations, difficulties in ensuring compliance of digital products with sharia, and low digital sharia financial literacy. This study recommends strengthening regulations, innovation of sharia-based financial products, and increasing public education to optimize the role of the sharia economy in the digital era. It is hoped that various parties, including the government, industry, and academia, can collaborate in creating a fair and sustainable digital economy ecosystem in accordance with sharia principles.Keywords: Sharia Economics, Digital Economy, Sharia Fintech, Sharia Blockchain, Sharia Financial Regulation. Abstrak: Perkembangan pesat ekonomi digital telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam transaksi keuangan dan bisnis global. Dalam konteks ini, ekonomi syariah menawarkan sistem alternatif berbasis keadilan, transparansi, dan kesejahteraan sosial. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis relevansi ekonomi syariah dalam ekonomi digital serta mengidentifikasi tantangan utama penerapannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dengan studi literatur dari jurnal ilmiah, regulasi, serta laporan industri terkait. Analisis dilakukan terhadap prinsip ekonomi syariah seperti larangan riba, maysir, gharar, dan keadilan sosial dalam konteks digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prinsip syariah berpotensi membentuk ekosistem digital yang lebih etis dan inklusif, misalnya melalui fintech syariah, pasar modal syariah digital, dan blockchain syariah. Namun, terdapat tantangan berupa keterbatasan regulasi, kesulitan dalam memastikan kepatuhan produk digital terhadap syariah, serta rendahnya literasi keuangan syariah digital. Studi ini merekomendasikan penguatan regulasi, inovasi produk keuangan berbasis syariah, serta peningkatan edukasi masyarakat untuk mengoptimalkan peran ekonomi syariah di era digital. Diharapkan berbagai pihak, termasuk pemerintah, industri, dan akademisi, dapat berkolaborasi dalam menciptakan ekosistem ekonomi digital yang adil dan berkelanjutan sesuai prinsip syariah.Kata kunci: Ekonomi Syariah, Ekonomi Digital, Fintech Syariah, Blockchain Syariah, Regulasi Keuangan Syariah.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana bagi Pelaku Penipuan Berkedok Robot Trading di Indonesia Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam Siti Nur Khadijah; Syamsuri
Ma’mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 5 No. 5 (2024): Oktober
Publisher : Laboratorium Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya (https://uinsa.ac.id/fsh/facility)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/mal.v5i5.396

Abstract

Abstract : Technological developments have made investment activities easier. However, this is often abused to commit criminal acts in the form of illegal investments, also known as fraudulent investments, using trading robots. This is inseparable from the lure in the form of high profits offered by irresponsible parties. This study aims to analyze the legal consequences for the perpetrators of trading robot fraud and the compensation for victims as a form of legal protection for victims. This research is a normative legal research, whose legal material comes from laws and regulations. The result of this study is that no regulation specifically regulates the appropriate sanctions to be applied to fraudsters under the guise of trading robots. This is because Article 378 of the Criminal Code, Article 28 paragraph 1 of the ITE Law, and Article 45 letter a paragraph (1) of the ITE Law do not accommodate the elements of fraudulent acts under the guise of trading robots. Compensation to the victim can be done through a restitution mechanism pursued through a civil lawsuit. Meanwhile, in the criminal realm, the perpetrator can be subject to the Money Laundering Crime Article (TPPU) so that the victim's assets can be returned through the mechanism of confiscating the perpetrator's assets obtained from the proceeds of the crime. In Islamic criminal law, sanctions that can be applied to fraudsters under the guise of trading robots are ta'zir.
Tanggung Jawab Hukum Internasional atas Kejahatan Kemanusiaan di Gaza Nada, Nihalun; el-Afaf, Ishmah
Ma’mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 5 No. 5 (2024): Oktober
Publisher : Laboratorium Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya (https://uinsa.ac.id/fsh/facility)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/mal.v5i5.406

Abstract

Abstract: Law enforcement against the crime of genocide and crimes against humanity in Gaza is a major concern in international law. This article analyzes international legal responsibility for crimes committed in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, focusing on the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the role of international organizations in holding perpetrators accountable. This research uses a normative juridical method with a literature research approach, examining various international legal instruments such as the Rome Statute, the Geneva Convention, and United Nations (UN) resolutions. The results show that although Palestine has been a member of the ICC since 2015 and has the right to file demands, law enforcement against Israel faces jurisdictional constraints, the principle of state sovereignty, as well as international geopolitical dynamics. In addition, there are obstacles in the implementation of international humanitarian law due to the lack of cooperation between Israel and international judicial bodies. This article emphasizes the importance of global commitment to upholding justice for victims, as well as the need to reform international law enforcement mechanisms to be more effective in dealing with cases of genocide and crimes against humanity.Keywords: International Law, Genicide, Crimes Against Humanity, Gaza, ICC. Abstrak: Penegakan hukum terhadap kejahatan genosida dan kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan di Gaza menjadi perhatian utama dalam hukum internasional. Artikel ini menganalisis tanggung jawab hukum internasional atas kejahatan yang terjadi dalam konflik Israel-Palestina, dengan fokus pada yurisdiksi Mahkamah Pidana Internasional (International Criminal Court/ICC) dan peran organisasi internasional dalam menuntut akuntabilitas pelaku. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan penelitian kepustakaan, mengkaji berbagai instrumen hukum internasional seperti Statuta Roma, Konvensi Jenewa, serta resolusi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Palestina telah menjadi anggota ICC sejak 2015 dan memiliki hak untuk mengajukan tuntutan, penegakan hukum terhadap Israel menghadapi kendala yurisdiksi, prinsip kedaulatan negara, serta dinamika geopolitik internasional. Selain itu, terdapat hambatan dalam implementasi hukum humaniter internasional akibat minimnya kerja sama Israel dengan badan peradilan internasional. Artikel ini menegaskan pentingnya komitmen global dalam menegakkan keadilan bagi korban, serta perlunya reformasi mekanisme penegakan hukum internasional agar lebih efektif dalam menangani kasus kejahatan genosida dan kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan.Kata Kunci: Hukum Internasional, Genosida, Kejahatan Kemanusiaan, Gaza, ICC.  
Reformasi Sistem Rekrutmen Hakim Konstitusi Indonesia yang Sejalan dengan Nilai Kerakyatan Pancasila Hamadi, Ibrahim Ghifar; Angelina, Feymi
Ma’mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 5 No. 5 (2024): Oktober
Publisher : Laboratorium Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya (https://uinsa.ac.id/fsh/facility)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/mal.v5i5.417

Abstract

Abstract: As a constitutional state grounded in Pancasila, Indonesia requires a transparent, objective, and accountable system for recruiting constitutional judges to safeguard judicial independence. Unfortunately, the current mechanism is fraught with conflicts of interest and lacks meaningful public participation. There are discrepancies in recruitment standards among the proposing institutions, resulting in inconsistencies in the quality of constitutional judges. Non-transparent and unaccountable mechanisms hinder the attainment of judicial integrity and professionalism. This research aims to analyze and formulate an ideal reform for the recruitment system of constitutional judges based on Pancasila values and meaningful public involvement. This study employs a doctrinal legal research method. Data collection was conducted through library research, consisting of primary and secondary legal materials. The findings reveal that the weaknesses in the current mechanism can be addressed through two main innovations: the establishment of an independent selection panel and the SHAKTI platform (Transparent and Informative Selection of Constitutional Judges). These mechanisms ensure not only transparency and public participation but also promote the independence and integrity of constitutional judges.Keywords: Constitutional Judges, Recruitment, Pancasila. Abstrak: Sebagai negara hukum yang berlandaskan Pancasila, Indonesia memerlukan sistem rekrutmen hakim konstitusi yang transparan, objektif, dan akuntabel untuk menjaga kemerdekaan kekuasaan kehakiman. Sayangnya, mekanisme yang ada saat ini masih dipenuhi konflik kepentingan dan kurang melibatkan partisipasi publik yang bermakna. Terdapat perbedaan standar rekrutmen antar lembaga pengusul yang menyebabkan ketidakseragaman kualitas hakim konstitusi. Mekanisme yang tidak transparan dan akuntabel menjadi penghalang tercapainya integritas dan profesionalisme hakim. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji dan merumuskan reformasi sistem rekrutmen hakim konstitusi yang ideal, berbasis nilai-nilai Pancasila, serta melibatkan publik secara bermakna. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum doktrinal Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan berupa bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelemahan mekanisme saat ini dapat diatasi dengan dua inovasi utama, yaitu pembentukan lembaga panel seleksi yang independen dan situs SHAKTI (Seleksi Hakim Konstitusi Transparan dan Informatif). Mekanisme ini tidak hanya menjamin transparansi dan partisipasi publik tetapi juga mendorong independensi serta integritas hakim konstitusi.Kata kunci: Hakim Konstitusi, Rekrutmen, Pancasila.

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