Protobiont: Jurnal Elektronik Biologi
Jurnal Protobiont merupakan jurnal peer-reviewed dan open access journal yang mempublikasikan hasil-hasil penelitian biologi tropis yang berkaitan dengan bidang: 1. botani, 2. zoologi, 3. ekologi, 4. mikrobiologi, 5. genetika, 6. ilmu lingkungan, dan 7. biologi konservasi. Jurnal Protobiont terbit setahun 3 kali, yaotu bulan Maret, Juli, dan November. Jurnal Protobiont diterbitkan dan dikelola oleh Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Tanjungpura
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<![CDATA[Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Lumut Octoblepharum albidium Hedw terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa ]]>
<![CDATA[Irwan Lovadi, Wiwid Widyana, Siti Khotimah,]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Protobiont Vol 3, No 2 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Tanjungpura ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/protobiont.v3i2.5545
<![CDATA[Mosses are non-vascular plants groups and grow in a wide range of substrates. Mosses contain secondary metabolites that have antibacterial activity. This research aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of Octoblepharum albidium extract on the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This research was performed in June until July 2013. The Qualitative phytochemical tests showed that O. albidium contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins and terpenoids. The existence of secondary metabolites in O. albidium, could be utilized to inhibit the growth of bacteria S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa. The testing of antibacterial activity has been performed using paper disk diffusion method with a concentration of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% and a positive control of chloramphenicol 2.5% (g/ml). The antibacterial activity test result showed that all level of extract concentrations were able to inhibit the growth of bacteria that was characterized by the formation of inhibition zone around the paper disc. The activity of 100% extract consentration againts S.epidermidis and P. aeruginosa bacteria demonstrated the highest inhibition zone diameter, which was 15.62 mm and 13.23 mm, while the most effective extract concentrations in inhibiting S. epidermidis and P.aeruginosa are 60% and 80%, respectively.]]>
<![CDATA[Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos di Perairan Danau Kelubi Kecamatan Tayan Hilir Kabupaten Sanggau ]]>
<![CDATA[Ari Hepi Yanti, Rusmiati, Tri Rima Setyawati,]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Protobiont Vol 3, No 2 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Tanjungpura ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/protobiont.v3i2.5522
<![CDATA[Kelubi lake has an area of ?? 220 ha and high puddles influenced by rainfall. The research aimed to know macrozoobenthos diversity and the quality of Kelubi lake waters. Determination of five sampling stations based on different environmental setting. Macrozoobenthos samples were taken three times at each station by Ekman Grab and identified in the Zoology Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of Tanjungpura University Pontianak. Macrozoobenthos research results obtained in the waters of Lake Kelubi four genera namely Chironomus, Dasyhelea, Dixella and Limnodrilus. Value abundance of macrozoobenthos in Lake Kelubi ranged from 44.44 to 355.55 Ind/m2. The diversity index (H) of the highest macrozoobenthos obtained at station IV of 355.55 Ind/m2 and lowest at station I of 0.5004 Ind/m2. The macrozoobenthos diversity in Kelubi lake was low to moderate. The average of evenness index (E) of macrozoobenthos was 0.8650 which indicates high evenness, while the average of Simpson dominance index (C) wason the average of 0,4950 which in considered low dominance of macrozoobenthos. The result of Pearson correlation test shows that depth, temperature, transparency, organic substrate significantly affect the diversity of macrozoobenthos in Kelubi lake. Kelubi lakes classified in moderate pollution levels.]]>
<![CDATA[Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Benalu Jambu Air (Dendropthoe pentandra (L.) Miq) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi ]]>
<![CDATA[Ari Hepi Yanti, Arbet Anita, Siti Khotimah,]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Protobiont Vol 3, No 2 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Tanjungpura ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/protobiont.v3i2.6834
<![CDATA[Dendropthoe pentandra (L.) Miq constitutes one type of parasite plant, which is efficacious as an antibacterial and able to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Salmonella typhi is the bacteria that attacks the gastrointestinal tract, so that it is necessary to look for antibacterial alternative medicine from natural materials. The aim of this study is to determine the antibacterial activity of methanol extract from                D. pentandra leaves toward the growth of S. typhi bacteria. The research conducted from August to September 2013. The extract of D. pentandra leaves obtained by employing maceration method. The test of antibacterial activity carried out by using paper disc diffusion method at the level 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% (g/mL) of extract concentration, and also positive control by using 2.5% of chloramphenicol. Phytochemical analysis indicates that the extract of D. pentandra leaves contain flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, steroids and quinones. The analysis indicates that the concentration of  D. pentandra extract leaves has significant effect toward the diameter of the inhibition zone formed. Concentration of 75% is the lowest concentration that can inhibit the growth of S. typhi to grow larger. The results indicate that the methanol extract of D. pentandra leaves has antibacterial activity toward S. typhi.]]>
<![CDATA[Daya Antagonis Jamur Trichoderma sp. Terhadap Jamur Diplodia sp. Penyebab Busuk Batang Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis) ]]>
<![CDATA[Riza Linda, Aan Sundari, Siti Khotimah,]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Protobiont Vol 3, No 2 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Tanjungpura ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/protobiont.v3i2.5517
<![CDATA[Stem and branch parts of citrus trees is often attacked by blendok disease caused by the fungus Diplodia sp. Control of the disease by using synthetic fungicides are less effective in controlling diseases caused by fungal pathogens. Fungal biological control is using Trichoderma sp. as an antagonist agents. This study aimed to determine the antagonists power of fungus Trichoderma sp. in controlling fungus Diplodia sp. causes of citrus stem rot. Antagonist test covers the wide average of mycelium and calculate the percentage of antagonistic fungus Trichoderma sp. from day 1st to 7th. Results showed that the fungus Trichoderma sp. can inhibit the growth of fungus Diplodia sp. with an area of?? mycelium on day 6 and day 7 of 6240 mm2 with antagonists percentage reaches 100%.]]>
<![CDATA[Keanekaragaman Jenis Paku-Pakuan (Pteridophyta) Di Mangrove Muara Sungai Peniti Kecamatan Segedong Kabupaten Pontianak ]]>
<![CDATA[Riza Linda, Bunia Ceri, Irwan Lovadi,]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Protobiont Vol 3, No 2 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Tanjungpura ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/protobiont.v3i2.6826
<![CDATA[Mangrove forest is the habitat of various kinds of organisms, some of which are ferns (Pterydophyta). This study aim was to determine the types of ferns those can be found in mangrove forest of Peniti river estuary. The research was conducted from December 2013 to January 2014 in mangrove forest of Peniti river estuary in Segedong district of Pontianak regency. Cruise method was employed to collect ferns. There were 11 species of fern belonging to Polypodiopsida and 7 families. Acrostichum aureum and A. speciosum are mangrove fern in the area being studied.]]>
<![CDATA[Analisis Sebaran Bakteri Coliform Di Kanal A Kuala Dua Kabupaten Kubu Raya ]]>
<![CDATA[Ahmad Mulyadi, Syaeful Arifudin, Siti Khotimah,]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Protobiont Vol 3, No 2 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Tanjungpura ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/protobiont.v3i2.5546
<![CDATA[Canal A Kuala Dua is one of the water source used in daily activities by the society lives along that river banks. The occurence of markets and inhabitans activities such as bathing and washing can affect the water quality of Canal A Kuala Dua due to the disposals entering the water body. One of the bioindicator used to detect water pollution is coliform bacteria. The purpose of this research was to find out the dispersion pattern of coliform bacteria when ebb and flow occurs in Canal A Kuala Dua. The Research was done in November 2011 through March 2012. Sampling was done at 9 stations along Canal A Kuala Duan when the ebb and flow occurred. The density of coliform bacteria was calculated by MPN method and Escherichia coli qualitative test was done by IMVIC test. Statistics sofwares such as Microsoft Excel, SPSS 15 (t test), and Arcgis 10.1 were used in data anylisis. Based on its use, Canal A Kuala Dua is categorized into class C. Average values of coliform bacteria densities in Canal A Kuala Dua are 74,249 x 103 MPN/100 mL when the uptide occurs and 59,259 x 103 MPN/100 mL when the downtide occurs.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengetahuan Dan Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Cagar Alam Raya Pasi Kota Singkawang ]]>
<![CDATA[Irwan Lovadi, Hangi Aziarsih, Rizalinda,]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Protobiont Vol 3, No 2 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Tanjungpura ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/protobiont.v3i2.5520
<![CDATA[Raya Pasi Nature Reserve is located in Singkawang region of West Kalimantan that is managed by Natural Resources Conservation Agency of Department of Forestry. By gathering data which was related to the knowledge and attitude of the people toward nature reserve and biodiversity can avoid the conflict among local people and conservation area management. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitude of the people toward the conservation area and protected plant conservation in Raya Pasi Nature Reserve. This study was conducted in 3 months from March to May 2012. The data was collected by random sampling quetionaire technique and interview which was given to the resident from three villages adjacent to Raya Pasi Nature Reserve, i.e.Pangmilang village, Bagak Sahwa village, and Sagatani village. The result showed that most resident from those villages know about Raya Pasi Nature Reserve and they generally understand about its function. The resident from those three villages have the knowledge and general perception about the plants which protected by the government. Based on the survey, it is known that26% people from those villages got the information and knowledge fromtelevision and only about 5% people got it from the newspaper.]]>
<![CDATA[Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Metanol dan n-Heksan Daun Buas-Buas (Premna serratifolia Linn.) pada Larva Nyamuk Demam Berdarah (Aedes aegypti Linn.) ]]>
<![CDATA[Ari Hepi Yanti, Mia Aisyiah Lestari, Mukarlina,]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Protobiont Vol 3, No 2 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Tanjungpura ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/protobiont.v3i2.6831
<![CDATA[Dengue fever with A. aegypti as its main vector is a lethal disease. One effort that can be done tocontrol the Dengue fever from spreading is to break the chain of A. aegypti’s life cycle at larvae stage. This study aims to determine the concentration of LC50-24 hours leaves extract of P. serratifoliaand the solvents of P. serratifolia leaves extract that gives best toxicity to inflict death on A. aegypti larvae. The study was conducted during June to September 2013. ANOVA results shows that methanol extract and n-hexane extract of P. serratifolia leaves give significant effect on mortality of A. aegypti larvae. The value of LC50-24 hours methanol extract of P. serratifolia leaves was 2.691,53 ppm whereas that of n-hexane extract was 2.818,38 ppm. Methanol extract of P. serratifolia leaves has more toxicity compared to n-hexane extract.]]>
<![CDATA[Kualitas Susu Cair Pasca Pasteurisasi Setelah Penambahan Sirup Oligofruktosa Umbi Talas Kimpul (Xanthosoma sagittifolium Schott.) ]]>
<![CDATA[Mukarlina, Mistia Ningsih, Tri Rima Setyawati,]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Protobiont Vol 3, No 2 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Tanjungpura ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/protobiont.v3i2.5515
<![CDATA[One alternative of fresh milk preservation is by adding sugar that derived from the hydrolysis process of blue taro tuber. The aim of this study was to examine the quality of fresh milk after the addition of oligofructose syrup. The study was carried out from April to June in 2013. Based on the ANOVA test, it was known that the concentration of oligofructose syrup influenced the increase of proximately test, total number of bacteria, and reduction time of milk. The protein content of milk increased to 0.25% after being added by oligofructose syrup with 20% concentration, and then it became 3.95 %. The lactose content increased to 2.05% after being added by oligofructose syrup with 40% concentration, and then it become 6%. The highest increment of milk acidity occurred over milk by adding 40% of oligofructose syrup. Furthermore, 40% milk fat and oligofructose syrup decreased to 2.40%, which it became 2%. Total number of milk bacteria decreased to 23x103 CFU/ml after being added by 40% oligofructose syrup, but then it become 26x103 CFU/ml. In this study, no indication of coliform was found in all milk samples. Best time of reducing bacteria occured over milk added 40% syrup is 634 minutes.]]>
<![CDATA[Keragaman Jenis Ikan Arus Deras di Aliran Riam Banangar Kabupaten Landak ]]>
<![CDATA[Ari Hepi Yanti, Marcel Alveri Adis, Tri Rima Setyawati,]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Protobiont Vol 3, No 2 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Tanjungpura ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/protobiont.v3i2.6816
<![CDATA[Aquatic ecosystem of high stream water has particular characteristics of the fish with certain adaptation pattern. This study aims to determine species of fish, their level of diversity and condition of environmental factors in the stream of Banangar waterfall. This research was conducted for 2 months from June to July 2014 using purposive random sampling.The research found 21 species from 9 families withhighest fish abundance was at location 2 and the lowest one at station 3.Fishes from family Cyprinidea were frequently found which consisted of Lobocheilos bo (FR = 10.35%) and Hampalabimaculata (FR = 6.90%). The highest index of species diversity at station 1 (0.741) and the lowest index at station 3 (0.537). The highest of dominance index was at station 3 (0.291) and lowest was at station 2 (0.221). The highest of evenness index was at station 1 (0.337) and lowest was at location 2 (0.233). Enviromental condition in the stream flow of Banangar waterfall support fish with temperature ranges 27-28 0 C, speed water flow 0.56-1.42 m/s, pH in the range 7-9, Dissolved oxygen in the range of 5-6 ppm, and CO2at 6 ppm.]]>
