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Buletin Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Prima
Published by Universitas Prima Indonesia
ISSN : 28289994     EISSN : 28289994     DOI : https://doi.org/10.34012/bkkp
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Media publikasi ilmiah di bidang kedokteran dan kesehatan yang terbit dua kali dalam setahun yaitu pada bulan Maret dan September. Berisi tulisan hasil penelitian lapangan atau laboratorium maupun studi pustaka dari bidang ilmu seperti kedokteran klinis, kedokteran tropis, kedokteran gigi, biomedis, farmasi klinis dan kesehatan masyarakat.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 44 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September" : 44 Documents clear
Effectiveness of leaflet and video interventions in promoting disease prevention behaviors among online motorcycle taxi drivers in Medan City Surbakti, Tiara Lorensia Br; Azzahra, Avivani; Dameria; Wau, Herbert
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i2.7566

Abstract

Online motorcycle taxi drivers represent informal sector workers who are at high risk of experiencing various health problems, such as musculoskeletal disorders, respiratory issues, and occupational stress, due to exposure to pollution, non-ergonomic working postures, long working hours, and unsafe road conditions. This study aims to identify the characteristics of online motorcycle taxi drivers in relation to the improvement of disease prevention behaviors. The research employed a quantitative approach with a non-randomized pretest–posttest control group design. The study population consisted of all online motorcycle taxi drivers operating in the Universitas Prima Indonesia area, with a total sample of 60 participants. They were divided into two groups: 30 respondents who received health education through leaflet media (intervention group) and 30 respondents who received education through video media (control group), selected using a non-probability sampling technique. Among respondents in the leaflet group, the majority were aged 19–44 years (93.3%), had a high school education (76.7%), had worked for less than five years (63.3%), worked more than eight hours per day (73.3%), and used automatic motorcycles (53.3%). Similarly, in the video group, most respondents were aged 19–44 years (90%), had completed high school (63.3%), had worked for less than five years (76.7%), worked more than eight hours per day (73.3%), and used automatic motorcycles (63.3%). Online motorcycle taxi drivers are part of the informal workforce with high health risks, highlighting the need for preventive efforts through educational interventions. The study findings indicate that the majority of respondents in both the leaflet and video groups were young adults with high school education, short work tenure, long working hours, and predominantly used automatic motorcycles. These characteristics can serve as a basis for designing more targeted health interventions to enhance disease prevention behaviors.
Factors associated with dietary adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Royal Prima General Hospital Turnip, Modesto Lam Ulido Putra; Girsang, Ermi; Mukti, Ade Indra; Anggraini, Wenti; Rosar, Naufal; Nardi, Leo; Nelda, Fitri; Djohan, Djohan; Cisca, Anita Merry
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i2.7691

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a significant health issue in Indonesia, where management relies heavily on patient dietary adherence. However, adherence levels are often suboptimal. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with dietary adherence among T2DM patients at a major hospital in Medan, Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2024 at Royal Prima General Hospital, involving 64 T2DM patients selected through total sampling. Data on demographic characteristics, knowledge, family support, and healthcare provider (HCP) support were collected via structured questionnaires. Dietary adherence was the dependent variable. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression. Results: A slight majority of patients (53.1%) were adherent to their diet. Multivariate analysis identified age as the most dominant predictor, with patients aged ≥45 years being 18.9 times more likely to be adherent than younger patients (AOR = 18.935, p=0.004). Male gender was also a significant predictor of higher adherence (AOR = 7.652, p=0.01). Paradoxically, good knowledge (AOR = 0.161) and HCP support (AOR = 0.109) were significantly associated with lower odds of adherence. Education and employment status showed no significant association. Conclusion: Age is the most critical factor influencing dietary adherence among T2DM patients in this cohort, with older individuals demonstrating significantly better compliance. Interventions should specifically target younger patients and women, who are at higher risk for non-adherence.
Effectiveness test of avocado seeds on the renal histopathology of white rats induced by isoniazid Lubis, Khairunnisya; Lubis, Asyrun Alkhairi; Sembiring, Novitaria Br
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i2.7692

Abstract

The kidneys are a pair of organs within the urinary system, located in the upper retroperitoneal cavity, functioning in blood filtration, reabsorption, and secretion through diffusion processes involved in blood purification and urine formation. The kidneys are highly susceptible to damage from exposure to nephrotoxic drugs, one of which is isoniazid. Avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill.) are known to contain antioxidant compounds with potential protective effects against renal tissue damage. This study aimed to examine the effect of avocado seed extract on the histopathological changes in the kidneys of white rats induced with isoniazid. The research employed an experimental design using 25 male rats divided into five groups: positive control (K+), negative control (K–), and three treatment groups receiving avocado seed extract at doses of 100 mg/kg body weight (P1), 200 mg/kg body weight (P2), and 400 mg/kg body weight (P3). Isoniazid induction was administered to all groups except the positive control. After a 14-day treatment period, kidney samples were collected for histopathological analysis using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The observations indicated that avocado seed extract effectively improved renal histological structure in white rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced with isoniazid. In the treatment group III, renal histological improvement was observed, with only 5–25% structural damage or a score of 1, compared to groups I and II, which showed 25–50% damage or a score of 2.
Oral health knowledge and its correlation to caries experience among students Zaharani, Cut Asy Syifa; Molek, Molek; Wijaya, Cindy Denhara; Florenly, Florenly; Susanto, Chandra; Tarigan, Susiani; Putra, Kriswandy; Karen, Yulia
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i2.7723

Abstract

Dental caries remains a significant global public health issue, particularly among school-aged children. A lack of knowledge regarding oral health maintenance is considered a primary contributing factor to the high prevalence and severity of caries in this demographic. This study aimed to analyze the influence of oral health maintenance knowledge on the severity of dental caries in Grade 6 students at SDN No. 060833. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. A total of 39 students were selected using simple random sampling. Data on knowledge were collected using a validated questionnaire, while caries severity was assessed through direct oral examination and categorized as pit fissure caries, superficial caries, medium caries, or profound caries. Data analysis employed univariate and bivariate methods using the Chi-Square test. The majority of students (64.1%) had poor knowledge of oral health maintenance. The most common caries severity was superficial caries (35.9%), followed by medium caries (30.8%). Bivariate analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between knowledge level and caries severity (p-value = 0.000). Students with poor knowledge were more likely to experience medium and profound caries. There is a significant influence of the level of knowledge about oral health maintenance on the severity of dental caries in Grade 6 students. Efforts to improve oral health knowledge through targeted education programs in schools are essential to prevent and reduce the severity of dental caries.
Risk factors for obesity and overweight in under-five children in a highland community, Kabanjahe Sibagariang, Eva Ellya; Ginting, Rapael; Sihombing, Rachel Raselia; Amir, Dwi Fenny; Meliala, Juli Elisabet Mayen Br; Angkasa, Celvin; Zubaidah, Siti; Sherliana, Ferra; Siregar, Hesti Despita
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i2.7746

Abstract

Overnutrition in toddlers is a public health problem that continues to increase globally and nationally. In Indonesia, the prevalence of toddler obesity has risen from 10.5% (2007) to 21.8% (2018). In Karo Regency, the prevalence of toddler obesity reached 8.80%. Data from 2025 at Simpang Empat Community Health Center in Kabanjahe shows 12 toddlers with obesity and 49 toddlers with overnutrition. This study aims to analyze the relationship between maternal knowledge, attitudes, and practices with the occurrence of obesity and overnutrition in toddlers aged 12-60 months. The research method used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 61 toddlers with obesity or overnutrition, selected using total sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and anthropometric measurements of BMI-for-age. Analysis used the Chi-Square test. Results show the majority of mothers had insufficient knowledge (57.4%), positive attitudes (63.9%), and suboptimal practices (65.6%). There was a significant relationship between knowledge (p=0.038), attitude (p=0.041), and practice (p=0.044) with the toddler's nutritional status. The study conclusion confirms that good nutritional care practices, supported by adequate knowledge and a positive attitude, play an important role in preventing obesity and overnutrition in toddlers.
The association between smoking behaviour and degenerative diseases Simarmata, Gracia Imanuela; Hartono, Hartono; Sihotang, Widya Yanti; Tobing, Andrico Napolin Lumban; Dharma, Surya; Mylano, Tri Adi; Setiawan, Deni; Willano, Almira; Novianti, Desi; Suwanto, Denny; Haryadi, Haryadi; Mukhtar, Zulfikri; Kunardi, Sidharta; Reza, Faisal
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i2.7756

Abstract

Degenerative diseases represent a leading global cause of death, imposing a substantial health burden, wherein behavioural factors such as smoking are posited to play a significant role. This study aimed to analyse the association between smoking behaviour and the incidence of various degenerative diseases through a systematic literature review. The methodology employed was a systematic literature review, with article searches conducted across Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases from May to June 2025. Inclusion criteria encompassed full-text articles in Indonesian or English, published between 2020 and 2025, focusing on the association between smoking and degenerative diseases (hypertension, diabetes, stroke, kidney failure, cancer). From 230 identified articles, 15 met the criteria and were analysed. The synthesis of results demonstrated a significant association between smoking behaviour and an increased risk of degenerative diseases. Active smokers exhibited a three-fold higher risk of hypertension (OR=3.445), a twelve-fold higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR=12.747), and a greater risk of developing cancer (lung, breast, laryngeal), stroke, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Exposure to secondhand smoke among passive smokers also increased the risk of breast cancer nearly fourfold (OR=3.778). Underlying mechanisms include oxidative damage, chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic dysregulation. It is concluded that smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for degenerative diseases. Strengthening tobacco control policies, intensive health education, and smoking cessation programmes are required as primary prevention strategies.
Body image and nutritional status among female students at Universitas Prima Indonesia Silitonga, Thesa Kristina Br.; Sibagariang, Eva Ellya; Leslie, William; Fransisca, Silva; Lubis, Ika Syani Putri; Suwarno, Suwarno; Hasya, Muhammad Nawal; Putri, Eka
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i2.7757

Abstract

Body image is an individual's subjective perception of their body shape and size, which can influence eating behaviour and nutritional status. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between body image and nutritional status among female students at Prima Indonesia University in 2025. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 69 female students from the 2023 cohort of the Public Health Study Programme, selected via total sampling. Body image data were collected using the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), while nutritional status was assessed via anthropometric measurements of Body Mass Index (BMI). Data analysis employed the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 0.05. A total of 59.4% of respondents had a negative body image and 40.6% a positive body image. The distribution of nutritional status was: normal (62.3%), obese (18.8%), overweight (10.2%), and underweight (8.7%). Statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship between body image and nutritional status (p-value = 0.002). Respondents with a negative body image were more likely to have an abnormal nutritional status (overweight and obese) compared to those with a positive body image. There is a significant relationship between body image and nutritional status among female students. A negative body image is associated with a tendency towards abnormal nutritional status, particularly excess weight.
Association between dietary patterns and hypertension among older adults at the Medan Johor Community Health Center Waruwu, Inel Hartanti; Ginting, Rapael; Suyono, Tan; Kurniawan, Evan; Sitanggang, Holan Dianju Melva Meinaria; Bestari, Welas; Deseva, Frisca Gemmi; Bangun, Andreas Xaverio
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i2.7793

Abstract

Hypertension is a leading global cause of mortality, with a high prevalence among the elderly. Dietary patterns constitute a modifiable risk factor. This study aimed to analyse the association between dietary patterns and the incidence of hypertension among the elderly. A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted at the Medan Johor Community Health Centre. A sample of 90 elderly individuals was selected via purposive sampling. Dietary data were collected using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and blood pressure was measured using a sphygmomanometer. Data analysis employed the Chi-Square test. A total of 72.2% of respondents had hypertension, and 65.6% had poor dietary patterns. Bivariate analysis indicated a significant association between dietary patterns and the incidence of hypertension (p-value = 0.022; OR = 0.268). Elderly individuals with poor dietary patterns had a 0.268 times higher risk of hypertension compared to those with good dietary patterns. A significant association exists between poor dietary patterns and the incidence of hypertension among the elderly at the Medan Johor Community Health Centre. Promotive and preventive efforts through balanced nutrition education are essential.
Effectiveness of dragon fruit juice for glycemic control in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Sitanggang, Lastriana; Siagian, Masryna; Sibagariang, Eva Ellya
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i2.7811

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a global health challenge with a rising prevalence, particularly among the elderly. Its management requires a holistic approach, including medical nutrition therapy. Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) is rich in fibre and antioxidants, which may help regulate glucose metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of red dragon fruit juice on reducing random blood glucose levels in elderly patients with T2DM. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design was employed. Thirty-two elderly T2DM patients within the working area of Karo District General Hospital were selected via purposive sampling and allocated into an intervention group (n=16) and a control group (n=16). The intervention group consumed 250 ml of red dragon fruit juice once daily for seven consecutive days, while the control group received routine care only. Random blood glucose levels were measured using a glucometer before and after the intervention. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Results: At baseline, the mean random blood glucose was 231.88 ± 99.37 mg/dL in the intervention group and 250.31 ± 63.32 mg/dL in the control group. Post-intervention, the intervention group exhibited a significant decrease to 226.25 ± 96.99 mg/dL (p=0.017). Conversely, the control group showed a non-significant increase to 252.75 ± 63.66 mg/dL (p=0.027). Rank analysis indicated that 75% of subjects in the intervention group experienced a decrease in blood glucose, whereas 81.25% of subjects in the control group experienced an increase. Conclusion: The administration of 250 ml of red dragon fruit juice daily for seven days was effective as an adjuvant therapy in reducing random blood glucose levels in elderly patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Red dragon fruit may be considered a safe and affordable complementary nutritional intervention for T2DM management in the elderly population.
Associations between lifestyle factors and acute respiratory infection incidence at Mayen Primary Health Clinic Meliala, Yose Marselius A.P.; Nasution, Sri Lestari Ramadhani; Suhartina, Suhartina; Nadapdap, Thomson Parluhutan; Sulistijanto, Eddy; Liena, Liena; Rezeki, Naomi Grace; Syahputra, Ari Denggan; Putri, Nadya Nazimuddin
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i2.7812

Abstract

Background: Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) remain a significant global health burden with high morbidity, particularly in developing nations. Modern lifestyle shifts—characterised by smoking habits, poor dietary patterns, physical inactivity, and compromised sleep quality—alongside environmental pollution, are hypothesised to contribute to susceptibility to these infections. Objective: This study aims to analyse the association between lifestyle factors (smoking, diet, physical activity, sleep quality) and environmental pollution exposure with the incidence of ARI among patients at the Mayen Primary Clinic in 2023–2024. Methods: This study employed an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted at the Mayen Primary Clinic, Medan, involving 82 respondents selected via consecutive sampling. Data were collected using medical records and validated lifestyle questionnaires, followed by analysis using the Chi-Square test. Results: The findings revealed that the majority of respondents were suffering from ARI (85.4%). Bivariate analysis demonstrated significant correlations between ARI incidence and smoking habits (p<0.001), dietary patterns (p=0.001), sleep quality (p<0.001), and air pollution exposure (p<0.001). However, no significant association was observed between physical activity and ARI incidence (p=0.601). Conclusion: Unhealthy lifestyles and environmental pollution are primary determinants of ARI incidence in primary care settings, necessitating health interventions focused on behavioural modification and environmental control.

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