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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 02151936 EISSN : 26148412 DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320

Core Subject : Health,

Nursing Public Health

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan

Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 24, No 3 (2008)" : 7 Documents clear

Peran Media Massa terhadap Perilaku Ibu dalam Upaya Pencegahan Demam Berdarah pada Rumah Tangga di Kota Yogyakarta Asniati Djaswadi Dasuki, Hari Kusnanto
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: The incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is increasing dramatically especially in tropical areas. DHF can cause death. It is predicted that 25 thousand people die every year because of DHF. Control of DHF through fogging and use of abate can reduce population of Aedes aegypti mosquitos but it is costly and use in improper dosage can cause resistance to insecticide. The best way to prevent the disease is eradicating vector larvae through 3 activities (draining, burying and covering). Such efforts can be done by mothers in their household. Meanwhile in doing these efforts mothers may be influenced by some factors, i.e. mass media, knowledge and attitude of mothers about DHF.Objective: The objective of the study was to identify factors related to mothers’ behavior in preventing hemorrhagic fever in the household.Method: This was an observational study with cross sectional design. The sample of the study was as many as 100 mothers. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate techniques.Result: Variable of role of mass media was statistically significant as predictor of DHF prevention behavior (p<0.05) with moderate relationship level (r=0.352). Variables of knowledge and attitude were statistically significant with p<0.05 but they had negative relationship.Conclusion: Mass media can significantly affect mothers’ behavior in preventing DHF in the household.Keywords: mass media, knowledge, attitude, DHF, prevention

Analisis Kebutuhan Program Promosi Pencegahan Diare pada Anak Berusia di Bawah Dua Tahun Elfi Rahmawati, Retna Siwi Padmawati, Rendra Widyatama
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Diarrhea is one of environmental based diseases and still the cause of major health problems in Indonesia. It is attributed to the poor condition of basic sanitation, physical environment and the poor behavior of community in personal hygiene. Diarrhea is considered as one of the infectious diseases and the main cause of mortality and morbidity in children under-five particularly under two-years old. Various health promotion activities have been conducted to control diarrhea disease, yet the diarrhea incident rate still high. Even for certain period there has been an increasing number of diarrhea patients.Objective: This research was aimed at describing the community’s need for the health education of diarrhea prevention.Method: This was a qualitative research using case study approach. Data collection was conducted by in depth interview, focus group discussion, observation and document study. Research informants were mothers who have children below two years old and health education stakeholders. Data was analyzed using interactive analysis.Result: The promotion program for diarrhea prevention that has been conducted in Primary Health Care of Piyungan was not able to diminish various inappropriate perceptions and assumptions toward diarrhea. The community could not see the relation between diarrhea with environment and breastfeeding. Community’s need toward diarrhea information was all materials related with diarrhea. The method to convey was through speech that used leaflet, folder and booklet. The information source that suitable to give information was health care provider in regulars meeting every month.Conclusion: the suitable health promotion for diarrhea is speech by health provider using leaflet, booklet and folder. Education material should be focused on diarrhea prevention, especially on the relationship between environment and breastfeeding and diarrhea incidents.Keywords: need assessment, promotion program, diarrhea prevention

Evaluasi Promosi Penggunaan Kondom untuk Mencegah HIV/AIDS di Lokalisasi Pelacuran di Kabupaten Banyuwangi Hafrida Ira Paramastri, Agus Priya
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: HIV/AIDS in East Java in the year of 2005 is the third highest disease in Indonesia. The district of Banyuwangi is the third rank in Indonesia after Surabaya and Malang in terms of the case number. The biggest patient group of HIV/AIDS is sexual worker women (WPS). Various health promotion programs in using condom have been implemented although the case of AIDS still tends to improve.Objective: This research was aimed to obtained description on health promotion program implementation by using condom in the prevention of HIV/AIDS in the localization of prostitution from the perspective of those who obtained the health promotion and who conveyed the health promotion.Method: This was an emic qualitative research. The main informant was WPS which was supported with informant of client, procurers, government and NGO. The research was implemented in the localizations of Banyuwangi district. Data was collected by using in-depth interview and observation for comparing the result of in-depth interview. Data was analyzed by using constant comparative method and data validity was using source and triangulation method.Result: The subjects did not comprehend HIV/AIDS appropriately. Their negotiation skill was low as they were more prioritized on the sales result of the sexual relationship. The promotion media that were sticker, poster and advertisement were not really interesting, as they were not appropriate for localization. Interpersonal supervision by health care provider and the check up of reproductive health was not successful. Promotion through selling condom in parking place, condom promotion and condom ATM was able to remind the WPS to be more aware on the transmission of the disease and in using condom. Media of film was also preferred. It is suggested for program modification is by adding up the health promoter from other related institution. Government plays a role in giving the budget of HIV/AIDS prevention program.Conclusion: Various promotion media was not suitable with the need in localization (sticker, poster, booklet), while other media could influenced to remind the prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission (promotion in parking place, condom promotion, supervision of the health care provider). Negotiation in using condom was still low. The continual supervision of health care provider and the promotion in the parking place were expected could be disseminated and continued.Keywords: promotion evaluation, condom, HIV/AIDS, prostitution

Kontribusi Testimoni dalam Meningkatkan Efektivitas Pendidikan Kesehatan tentang Napza di Kabupaten Sleman Ririn Puspandari, IM Sunarsih, Rendra Widyatama
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Drugs abuse including narcotic, alcohol, psychotropic and other addictive elements (Napza) keep increased. Teenager is a high risky group toward external bad influence including Napza. The increasing tendency of the number of drugs abuse and the age of drug user which tend to be younger, demanded prevention effort and appropriate control. School as education institution is an appropriate place to prevent drugs abuse by giving right information through health education. The appropriate method that needs to be selected should be suitable with situation and condition in the school in order to create an optimum result.Objective: Health education for drugs abuse through speech with audiovisual, speech by presenting former of user (testimony) and group discussion was expected could influenced on the level of knowledge and changed student’s attitude toward drugs abuse prevention. This research was aimed to find out the influence of health education through speech with audiovisual as well as through speech with testimony and group discussion toward knowledge and attitude of students in the prevention of drugs abuse.Method: This was a quasi experimental research that used Solomon four group designs. The research subject was consisted of two treatment groups and two control groups. The data was collected with questioner regarding knowledge and attitude. Data processing and analysis was used student t-test and anova.Result: There was a knowledge improvement on the first treatment group that used interactive speech and audiovisual as well as in the second treatment group that used interactive speech method, testimony and group discussion (p<0,05). There was a significant improvement on attitude toward drugs abuse prevention in the group with interactive speech, testimony, and group discussion. There was a difference on knowledge between both of the methods toward improvement on attitude and yet there was a difference on knowledge toward knowledge improvement.Keywords: health education, testimony, knowledge, attitude and drugs abuse

Estimasi Pengaruh Vaksin DPT pada Kematian Anak: Analisis Diskritif Data Surveilan Demografi dan Kesehatan di Kabupaten Purworejo Siswanto Agus Wilopo
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Recent controversial reports suggest that recipients of one dose of DTP vaccine have higher mortality than children who have received no DTP vaccine. Those reports were mainly derived from African countries where mortality and malnutrion were higher than Indonesia.Objectives: To describe specific and non-specific effects of DTP vaccination on child mortality age 1-24 months under routine vaccination program in Indonesia.Methods: During period of January 1 1995 to August 31, 2001 our longitudinal surveillance data at Purworejo district provided information on 5647 children below 24 months of age who received DTP and other vaccinations. The main outcome measure was all-cause mortality. Vaccination status on DTP, BCG, and measles were collected every 90 days and recorded its time at vaccination. Confounding factors associated with mortality were also collected. This first report used descriptive analysis and a survival curve (Kaplan-Meier) to examine the differential of mortality according to sex of the children and among vaccinated and non-vaccinated children with DTP, BCG, and measles vaccines. The second report will use survival analysis to estimate specific and non-sprecific effects of DTP by considering time at vaccination and other counfounding factors.Results: There is no sex differential of mortality among children in Purworejo. A probability of dying was lower in the children vaccinated with DTP vaccine compared with those not vaccinated DTP. Simmilarly, vaccinated children with BCG and measles have lower mortality compared to unvaccinated children. There is strong indication that BCG and measles have stronger protected effects to risk of dying than DTP.Conclusion: The study showed lower mortality among children who received DTP, BCG, and measles vaccines compared those unvaccinated. There were not enough evidences to change current vaccination policy because DTP was not associated with any harmful effect among girls.Keywords: non-specific effects, DTP vaccine–child survival- Kaplan Meier’s Curve

Komunikasi dan Hubungan Terapeutik Perawat-Klien terhadap Kecemasan Pra Bedah Mayor Sri Mulyani, Ira Paramastri, Much. Agus Priyanto
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: A patient who will carry a surgical operation has uncertainty feeling, fear, doubt and anxiety. Anxiety can laid to psychological disruption or functional body disruption of a patient that can affect the surgical operation and anesthesia achievement. Based on pre-research study that has been carried by researcher on June 2007 of 40 patients on in-room at surgery and non-surgery room, it is found that 52,5% at the medium rate of anxiety. By so, we need effective way to decrease anxiety rate of patient. This research is aimed to find the effect of communication and nurse-patient therapeutic relation in decreasing anxiety rate of pre-major surgery patient.Method: Type of the research is experimental quasi with pre-test and post-test group design. The samples of the research consist of 30, that we are given communication treatment and nurse-patient therapeutic relation, and of 30, that we are not given the treatment. The sample is chosen used purposive technique. The technique of collecting data is questionnaire. The data analyzing to know the difference of anxiety with paired samples test, whereas to examine the effect of communication and nurse-patient therapeutic relation with independent samples test with significance rate p=0,05.Result and Discussion: The result of research showed that there is no difference at age characteristics, sex, education, ill period, and marriage status of both group (p>0,05). There is significantly difference anxiety (p<0,05) between the groups. Patients of pre-major surgical operation, that were given therapeutic relation and communication treatment by nurse, have anxiety rate much more lowly why were not given. Test result showed therapeutic relation and communication treatment is carried between nurse and patient can decrease anxiety of pre-major surgical operation with p=0,00 (p<0,05).Conclusion: Therapeutic relation and communication of nurse and patient can decrease anxiety of pre-major surgical operation.Keywords: Therapeutic relation and communication, nurse and client, anxiety, premajor surgical operation

Pengaruh Kontrasepsi Hormonal Planibu® Versus Depo Progestin® terhadap Fungsi Hepar dan Profil Lipid Djaswadi Dasuki, Olga Sanger, Flourisa J Sudradjat 3, Enny S Pamuji
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Injectable contraception was used by about 15% of contraceptive users in Indonesia. Safety of injectable contraceptive was necessary to study before Planibu® was marketed in Indonesia. Safety was measured through liver function and lipid profile parameters.Objectives: To compare safety of Planibu® versus Depo Progestin® that was measured with liver function and lipid profile parameters Design of Study: “Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial (Double Blind RCT)” Planibu® versus Depo Progestin®” nested on longitudinal surveillance and community based study in Purworejo district (LPKGM centre) and Manado municipality (Manado centre)Methods: Study population was childbearing age women, married and wanted to delay or space pregnancy with injectable contraceptive in Purworejo district and Manado municipality. Clinical, gynecological and laboratory examination was done before injectable contraceptive was administered. Laboratory examination included liver function SGOT, SGPT and lipid profile HDL, LDL and total cholesterol. Eligible Subjects who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were 70 women. As many as 35 women received Planibu® injection and 35 women received Depo Progestin® injection every 3 months for 12 months in the same time. Before injection was administered, venous blood sampling was taken from each subject.Results: Before using contraception, there was no statistical difference of liver function and lipid profile parameters between group Planibu® and Depo Progestin® (p>0,05). There was a statistically significant difference in the level of cholesterol, HDL, and SGOT during the 12 month of use Depo Progestin® (p=0,000, p=0,009 and p=0,000), although clinically it wasn’t significantly different. There was a statistically significant difference in the level of cholesterol, SGOT and SGPT during the 12 month of use Planibu® (p =0,038, p=0,000 dan p=0,018), although clinically it wasn’t significantly different. There was a statistically significant difference in the level of cholesterol and LDL during the 12 month of use Planibu® versus Depo Progestin® (p<0,05)Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference in the level of cholesterol, HDL, and SGOT during the 12 month of use Depo Progestin®, although clinically it wasn’t significantly different. There was a statistically significant difference in the level of cholesterol, SGOT and SGPT during the 12 month of use Planibu®, although clinically it wasn’t significantly different. There was a statistically significant difference in the level of cholesterol and LDL during the 12 month of use Planibu® versus Depo Progestin®, although clinically it wasn’t significantly different. There was no difference clinically in the safety level of Planibu® versus Depo Progestin® shown by measurement result of liver function and lipid profile parameters.Keywords: planibu, depo progestin, liver, lipid

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Ika Kusumaningtyas

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Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

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Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone +628988833412

Journal Mail Official bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email
tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+628988833412

Journal Mail Official
bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA