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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

bkm
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 02151936 EISSN : 26148412 DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320

Core Subject : Health,

Nursing Public Health

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan

Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 25, No 4 (2009)" : 7 Documents clear

Faktor – Faktor Risiko yang Berpengaruh terhadap Kejadian Demam Tifoid pada Orang Dewasa Arief Rakhman, Rizka Humardewayanti, Dibyo Pramono
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: In 2000 it was estimated that typhoid fever had caused more than 21.6 million morbidity and 216,510 deaths. In Indonesia typhoid fever is still very endemic. Morbidity in semi rural areas reaches 157/ 100,000 in rural population and increases to 810/100,000 in urban population. At District of Bulungan morbidity caused by typhoid fever is still relatively very high. The major cases of typhoid fever of patients hospitalized at RSUD dr. H. Soemarno Sosroatmodjo happen to age group of > 14 years old (63.84%).Objective: To identify risk factors associated with the incidence of typhoid fever in adults.Method: The study was observational and used a case control study design. There were 260 samples, comprising 130 cases and 130 control matched based on age and gender. Location of the study was dr. H. Soemarno Sosroatmodjo Hospital at District of Bulungan, Province of Kalimantan Timur. Cases were hospitalized adult patients diagnosed having typhoid fever based on clinical symptoms and laboratory examination. Control consisted of new patients diagnosed not having typhoid fever. Data analysis used chi square, Odds Ratio (OR) and logistic regression.Result: The result of multivariate analysis showed that only the variable of not washing hands using soap before having meal was associated with the incidence of typhoid fever in adults (p=0.002; OR=1.625; 95%CI=1.497 – 4.602). Whereas the variables of eating out, history of typhoid in the family, availability of clean water and ownership of toilet that did not meet health requirements had no association with the incidence of typhoid fever.Conclusion: The habit of not washing hands using soap before having meal was factor associated with the incidence of typhoid fever in adults at District of Bulungan. Therefore health promotion on clean and healthy lifestyle should be introduced to all community, particularly washing hands using soap before having meal.Keywords: typhoid fever, adults, risk factors, case control

Riwayat Gangguan Jiwa pada Keluarga dengan Kekambuhan Pasien Skizofrenia di RSUP Dr Sardjito Yogyakarta Ratna Dewi, Carla R Marchira
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Schizophrenia is severe mental disorder with the highest proportion and relapse in Sardjito Hospital inpatient section. Report on relapse incident of schizophrenia is 60%-75%. Family histories of mental disorder are reported as risk factors of relapse in schizophrenic patients.Objective: To identify relationship between family histories of mental disorder and relapse in schizophrenic patient in Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta.Method: Subjects were schizophrenic patient who were hospitalized in Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta between May 2007 - May 2008. The figure of sample was 47 people. Data was collected using structured questionnaire on demography and family histories of mental disorder. This is cross sectional and descriptive analytic study. Data was analyzed using univariate analysis and multivariate analysis stepwise logistic regression.Result: Data collection showed that mean of subject’s age is 34 years. Number of males and females is equal and most of the subject is unemployee and unmarried. Majority of subject came from low socioeconomic. Educational background of subject is mostly high school. Out of 47 samples relapse rate is 55,3%. As much as 24 samples (51,1%) have family histories of mental disorder. There were 68,1% patients showed uncompliance in medication. This study showed 3 variables which have relationship with relapse in schizophrenic patient; those were age (p=0,036), family histories of mental disorder (p=0,029) and drug compliance (p=0,007).Conclusion: There is relationship betweeen family history of mental disorder and relapse in schizophrenic patient in Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Multivariate analysis showed that drug compliance is the most significant influencing relapse in schizophrenic patients.Keywords: family histories of mental disorder, drug compliance, schizophrenia, relapse

Hubungan Higiene Sanitasi dan Perilaku Penjamah Makanan dengan Kualitas Bakteriologis Peralatan Makan di Warung Makan Chairini Tri Cahyaningsih, Haripurnomo Kushadiwijaya, Abu Tholib
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Eating utensils have crucial role in the hygiene and sanitation of foods. One among health requirements of eating utensils is that they do not contain bacteria exceeding the limits of health requirements. One factor causing high germ rate of food utensils is the behavior of food handlers in washing eating utensils.Objective: To identify the association between hygiene and sanitation (dish washing facilities) and behavior of food handlers (hygienic behavior and washing methods) and bacteriological quality (germ rate and number of E. coli) of plates at food stalls in the area of Catur Tunggal, Depok, Sleman.Method: This observational study used cross sectional design. Samples were 40 food stalls that used running water to wash eating utensils. Eating utensil directly in contact with foods must not contain germ rate higher than 100 cfu/m2 and the number of E. coli must be 0 cfu/cm2 . Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and laboratory tests. Data analysis used Spearman Rank correlation test and multiple regressions. Result: There was an association between washing hands before working, washing hands without using soap after toileting, soaking, daily clean up and bacteriological quality with p<0.05. Education, wearing rings, keeping nails long, rinsing using running water, drying without using dish towel, sink made from strong and fine materials were not associated with bacteriological quality (p>0.05). The results of regression tests show that variables of soaking and daily clean up are closely related with bacteriological quality.Conclusion: There are significant associations between soaking and daily clean up and bacteriological qualityKeywords: sanitation hygiene, behavior of food handlers, bacteriological quality

Hubungan Faktor Petugas Puskesmas dengan Cakupan Penderita Tuberculosis Paru BTA Positif Efrizon Hariadi, Iswanto, Riris Andono Ahmad
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) disease is a major health problem either in developed or developing countries. According to WHO TB happens to 25,205 people worldwide everyday, ending in mortality to 4,657 people. Indonesia is in the third rank of TB cases in the world after India and China. TB in Indonesia happens to 1,464 people everyday, ending in mortality to 241 people. The identification of suspect and positive acid fast bacillus is a performance indicator of lung TB program. At District of Bengkulu 2007 lung TB patients’ identification was still below the national target, i.e. 38.193. The screening and identification of patients is generally done by nurses at polyclinics and laboratory staff. Nurses are health professionals at the front liners of health services with quite large composition (40%).Objective: To identify factors of the health center in relation to the coverage of positive acid fast bacillus lung TB patients at District of Bengkulu Utara.Method: This was an observational study with a cross sectional design. Location of the study was microscopic referral health centers, independently managed health centers, and satellite health centers at District of Bengkulu Utara. Samples consisted of staff of polyclinic and laboratories. Data were obtained through questionnaire and observation and presented using frequency distribution tables and multilevel regression and linear regression methods.Result: The result of multivariate analysis showed that variables related to the coverage of lung TB patients were skills of staff with b=1.3 (p=0.000) and facilities with b=1.5 (p=0.000).Conclusion: Skills of staff, training of staff, and availability of facilities were related to the coverage of positive acid fast bacillus lung TB patients at District of Bengkulu Utara; therefore it was necessary to improve skills of staff through on the job training and improve facilities for the identification of lung TB patients.Keywords: lung TB, nurses, laboratory staff, TB patient identification

Akselerasi Penurunan Angka Kematian Ibu Menggunakan Pendekatan Rembug melalui Strategi Segitiga Pengaman Evie Sopacua
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

The safeguard triangle with a discussion approach can be use as a strategy in the effort to accelerate maternal mortality rate. This triangle was a recommendation of a study in Sampang and Pamekasan Districts in East Java Province through 2003-2004. The triangle consists of the village midwife, the mentor and the pregnant woman with her family in each of its corners. Through interaction of the triangle’s corners the process of discussion approach was conducted. This safeguard triangle was stated as a holistic service because the pregnant woman was involved as a subject not as an object in the discussion approach which assured woman a safe pregnancy and birth. This safeguard triangle which was conducted at the village level should be supported by the supra system in the role of stewards hipness. The discussion approach should be taken into consideration of a coordination process which was formulated to achieve a self care community for a healthy living.Keywords: safeguard triangle strategy, discussion approach, accelerate maternal mortality rate

Pengaruh Media Wayang Bali Inovatif dalam Mempromosikan Pencegahan HIV/AIDS di Kabupaten Bangli I Gst Gd Ngurah Kursista, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Rendra Widyatama
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: HIV/AIDS still becomes a pandemic that attacked million of people in the world and the cases increasing every year including among household. This condition was possibly caused by the low of knowledge and perception of community regarding HIV/AIDS. Head of family is a target group of health promotion for HIV/ AIDS prevention. Health promotion with innovative Bali puppet media was expected could improve knowledge and perception of head of family in HIV/AIDS prevention.Objective: This research was aimed to find out the influence of health promotion through innovative Bali puppet media compared to speech method toward head of family in HIV/AIDS prevention effort.Method: This was a quasi experimental research that used equivalent control group design with pre test and post test. The sample was head of family in the sub district of Kintamani and Susut. The sample was selected purposively and the data was collected by using questionaire. Analysis was done by using independent t test, paired t test and descriptive. Indeed, the statistic was based on the significance level of p=0,05.Result: The method of innovative Bali puppet and speech had significant influence in knowledge improvement. After one month given health promotion on HIV/AIDS, there was an improvement on perception in the group of innovative Bali puppet which was better than speech group.Conclusion: Health promotion method by using innovative Bali puppet media and speech method could improve knowledge and perception of head of family in HIV/AIDS prevention, however innovative Bali puppet media which was high in improve knowledge and perception of head family in HIV/AIDS prevention.Keywords: innovative Bali puppet media, health promotion, HIV/AIDS prevention

Hubungan Pengetahuan Tentang HIV/AIDS dengan Stigma Orang dengan HIV/AIDS di Kalangan Pelajar SMA Ossie Sosodoro, Ova Emilia, Budi Wahyuni
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Stigma of people living with HIV/AIDS is an aspect which disrupts the program of HIV/AIDS infection prevention. Some studies show that the widespread of stigma of people living with HIV/AIDS is related to knowledge about methods of HIV/AIDS infection. One most effective method to improve knowledge about HIV/ AIDS is education at schools. This study is carried out at Surakarta Municipality whereby knowledge about HIV/ AIDS and the presence of stigma of people living with AIDS among school age teenagers have never beenobserved.Objective: To identify the relationship between knowledge about HIV/AIDS and stigma of people living with HIV/ AIDS among senior high school students at Surakarta Municipality.Method: The study was qualitative observational with cross sectional design to get deeper explanation and offer input for policy making in introducing relevant intervention. Subject of the study were as many as 558 students of 4 junior high schools of Surakarta Municipality. Quantitative data analysis used univariable, bivariable with chi square test and multivariable with logistic regression and stratification.Result: The result of test on knowledge about HIV/AIDS showed that mean was 15.40 from maximum score of 20, whereas the result of test on stigma of people living HIV/AIDS showed that mean was 15.70 from maximum score of 21. The result of qualitative study showed that there was misunderstanding about methods of HIV/AIDS infection and the presence of stigma of people living with HIV/AIDS, either among the students or teachers. The result of bivariable analysis showed that the stigma was 3.37 times stronger among students with limited knowledge about HIV/AIDS than among those with good knowledge about HIV/AIDS.Conclusion: Students with limited knowledge about HIV/AIDS had higher risk for stigma of people living with HIV/AIDS that those with good knowledge.Keywords: stigma, HIV/AIDS

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Ika Kusumaningtyas

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Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

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Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

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Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone +628988833412

Journal Mail Official bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email
tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+628988833412

Journal Mail Official
bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA