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Saintika Medika: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga.
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
ISSN : 0216759X     EISSN : 2614476     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22219/
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Journal of Saintika Medika is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from basic sciences, clinical, and community or public health research to integrate researches in all aspects of human health. This journal publishes original articles, reviews, and also interesting case reports. Brief communications containing short features of medicine, latest developments in diagnostic procedures, treatment, or other health issues that is important for the development of health care system are also acceptable. Letters and commentaries of our published articles are welcome.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran Keluarga
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 6 No. 2 (2010): Desember 2010" : 11 Documents clear
NUTRISI KEDELAI PADA OBESITAS DAN DISMETABOLIK SINDROM Meddy Setiawan
Saintika Medika Vol. 6 No. 2 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.v6i2.940

Abstract

Obesitas tidak hanya menjadi masalah estetika semata tetapi juga telah menjadi masalah kesehatan utama saat ini, hal ini disebabkan karena obesitas merupakan faktor resiko terjadinya dismetabolik sindrome seperti diabetes, hipertensi, hiperlipidemi dan penyakit jantung koroner. Menurut data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2007 di Indonesia, menunjukan bahwa prevalensi obesitas pada wanita berusia lebih dari 15 tahun yaitu 23,8% dan pada laki-laki berusia lebih dari 15 tahun yaitu 13,9%. Sedangkan menurut Survei Kesehatan Rumah Tangga (SKRT) tahun 2001, 41%-50% obesitas pada wanita terjadi pada usia lebih dari 55 tahun (usia menopause) (Depkes, 2007). Obesitas terjadi karena adanya asupan energi yang lebih besar daripada energi yang digunakan sehingga terjadi penimbunan energi dalam sel adiposit dalam bentuk sel adiposit yang hipertrofi dan hiperplasi. Salah satu regulator utama yang penting dalam regulasi metabolisme dan deposisi lemak dalam sel adiposit adalah hormon estrogen (Cooke, 2004). Sel adiposit terbukti memiliki reseptor estrogen α (ERα) dan reseptor estrogen β (ERβ) (Wook, 2008). Efek reseptor estrogen pada sel adiposit adalah meregulasi jaringan adiposit dengan meningkatkan lipolisis dan memodulasi ekspresi gen yang meregulasi deposisi lemak di sel adiposity. Tingginya prevalensi obesitas pada wanita menopause dan pentingnya peranan estrogen dalam regulasi dan deposisi lemak pada sel adiposit viscera maupun subcutan, mendorong para peneliti melakukan berbagai percobaan untuk mencari sumber estrogen eksogen. Beberapa senyawa yang berasal dari tumbuhan yang dikenal dengan fitoestrogen, mempunyai aktifitas serupa dengan aktifitas hormon estrogen karena mempunyai struktur yang mirip dengan hormon estrogen, senyawa tersebut adalah flavon, isoflavon dan derivat comestans. Isoflavon banyak terdapat pada tanaman kacang-kacangan, terutama kedelai dan produk olahannya (Tanu 2005). Fitoestrogen dari kedelai mampu berikatan dengan reseptor estrogen, walaupun afinitasnya terhadap reseptor estrogen sangat rendah dibandingkan dengan estrogen endogen sehingga diperlukan jumlah fitoestrogen yang besar untuk memperoleh efek yang memadai seperti estrogen. (Hidayati 2003). Pada keadaan tidak terdapatnya estrogen endogen, seperti pada hewan yang diovariektomi, isoflavon dapat bekerja melalui jalur alternatif, seperti jalur tirosin kinase, jalur mitogen-activated protein kinase, atau jalur epidermal growth factor. Isoflavon dapat mencegah penimbunan lemak dengan meghambat kerja enzim lipogenik lipoprotein lipase (Jr J.A. ford, 2006). Kedelai adalah salah satu bahan makanan sehari-hari penduduk di Asia. Rata-rata konsumsi kedelai masyarakat Indonesia menempati urutan kedua di dunia setelah Jepang, yaitu 200 gram produk kedelai atau olahannya per hari. Tingginya kandungan gizi dalam kedelai menjadikan produk kedelai dapat memberikan manfaat bagi kesehatan. Salah satu kandungan gizi dalam kedelai adalah isoflavon. Adanya kandungan isoflavon pada kedelai, memungkinkan konsumsi kedelai dalam jumlah tertentu dapat memberikan efek serupa dengan efek hormon estrogen endogen. (Koswara, 2006). Key word : kedelai – isoflavon – obesitas – dismetabolik syndrome
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN QUERCETIN TERHADAP KADAR LEPTIN SERUM TIKUS WISTAR YANG DIBERI DIET TINGGI LEMAK Sudiarto .; Sri Hidayati Suprihatin
Saintika Medika Vol. 6 No. 2 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.v6i2.1019

Abstract

Obesity, one of the degenerative diseases, is a risk factor for chronical disease and an ultimate cause of metabolic syndrome which ismarked by the raising level of leptin on blood (hyperleptinemia). Metabolic syndrome is marked by the size of the waist is more than 40 inchfor man or 35 inch for woman, hypertension, hyperglycemia, high level of triglyceride, and the level of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) is low.This research is aimed to know the giving of quercetin (which has high anti oxide activities) on the declining level of leptin to the giving of DIO(Diet Induced Obesity). An experimental study using Post Test Control Group was done to the experimental wistar rats. Samples werechosen by using randomized complete block design. Rats were treated for 8 weeks. The dose of given quercetin were 2 mg/kgBB/day, 10mg/kgBB/day, and 50 mg/kgBB/day during the last 8 weeks of research. The variable measured in this research is the level of leptin onblood. Based on the experiment, quercetin is proven that gives influence to the level of leptin on obesity wistar rats&rsquo; serum compare to the givenlevel of leptin on controlled rats. There is different average on the level of leptin on wistar rats&rsquo; serum which being obesity on each grouptreatment. The giving of quercetin have significant correlation (p<0.05) with the level of leptin on wistar rats&rsquo; serum which being obesity (r = -0.704, p = 0.001). The conclusion from this research is the giving of quercetin to obesity rats for 8 weeks can decline the level of leptin onblood.Keywords: quercetin, leptin, high fat diet
EFEK ISOFLAVON FITOESTROGEN DARI EKSTRAK Pueraria lobata TERHADAP MEMORI DAN AKTIVITAS KOLINERGIK DI HIPPOKAMPUS CA1 PADA TIKUS HIPOESTROGEN Fathiyah Safithri; Mulyohadi Ali
Saintika Medika Vol. 6 No. 2 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.v6i2.1020

Abstract

Data from retrospective and case-conttrole showed that estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) could prevent ang delayed againstAlzheimer Disease (AD). The using of ERT is still controversial because of their long-term side effect. Isoflavon as a part of phytoestrogenhas potential effect as an alternative substitute for ERT. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of phytoestrogen from Pueraria lobataextract in increasing memory&rsquo;s function and whether it occur by the increased of cholinergic activity in CA1 hippocampus. Exploration studyperformed by three step. First, determined genistein and daidzein concentration in Pueraria lobata extract, as basic of dose determining.Second, oophorectomy performed to made a hypoestrogenic rat&rsquo;s model; and third, determined method memory&rsquo;s function in rats. This studyused twenty five female Rattus novergicus strain Wistar, 10 -11 weeks of age, five rats were normal rats (N) as first group and twenty ratswere hypoestrogenic rats for 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th groups. All of the hypoestrogenic rat were devided into 4 groups, each 5 rats. Hypoestrogenicrats group without Isoflavon Genistein Daidzein supplement (OVX), hypoestrogenic rats group with Isoflavon Genistein Daidzeinsupplement (OVX+IGD) dosage of 15, 30, and 60 mg/kgweight/day each. The IGD was given for 21 days. The Morris Water Morris(MWM) test was performed in 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, and 21st day. On 22nd day rats were killed. Frozen section of the brain was performedimmediately. Cholinergic activities on CA1 hippocampus were examined with AChE staining. A significant difference was found onmemory&rsquo;s function and cholinergic activities on CA1 hippocampus between OVX and OVX+IGD groups at all doses (p value = 0,000 ofeach). No significant difference on IGD effect toward brain weight (p=0,936) and pyramidal cell number on CA1 hippocampus (p=0,961).It was suggest that increased memory&rsquo;s function on OVX+IGD groups were caused by the increased of cholinergic activities on CA1hippocampus.Key word : Isoflavones; phytoestrogen; Genistein; Daidzein; Pueraria lobata; Memory; cholinergic.
STUDI KASUS DROP OUT PENGOBATAN TUBERKULOSA (TB) DIPUSKESMAS KODYA MALANG Diah Hermayanti
Saintika Medika Vol. 6 No. 2 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.v6i2.1058

Abstract

Abstract Background: Direct Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) were used for Tuberculosa (TB) Control in Indonesia. Long time periode of treatment caused its drop out problem. Discontinuation of treatment and inadequate doses increased resistance and cost. Objective: To examine tuberculosis drop out treatment cases. Methods: Descriptive study. The data were collected with purposive random sampling. Results: There were 1372 patients TB in Malang, the number of drop out cases were 137 patients (17%). The patients who treatment at the puskesmas as many as 25 people (1.8%). Only four people who successfully interviewed, because patient address data were incomplete. The patient age ranged between 19-67 years, 75% of patients were reproductive age, 25% were elderly, and 75% werefemale. The Big income were 100% below the minimum wage in Malang Municipality, and 50% were unemployement. The patient education were 50% primary school graduates, 25% high school graduate, and 25% college graduate. The level of knowledge about TB disease were categorized 50% as good, 25% as moderate, and 25% as less category. The Health behavior in relation to drop out TB treatment: 50% due to the relatively faraway from the clinic, and 50% felt tired of taking medicine every day. Other causes for the occurrence of side effects. Conclusion: The high dropout rate of TB treatment due to many factors including low income, low education, poor health behaviors, and drug side effect. Keywords: tuberculosa, DOTS, drop out
PERBEDAAN TEKANAN TELINGA TENGAH PENDERITA RINOSINUSITIS KRONIS DIBANDING ORANG NORMAL Nanang Mardiraharjo
Saintika Medika Vol. 6 No. 2 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.v6i2.1059

Abstract

Abstrak Tujuan: Membandingkan tekanan telinga tengah penderita rinosinusitis kronis (RSK) dengan orang normal. Metode : Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancang bangun cross-sectional, dilakukan di Poliklinik THT RSU Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang pada Juni hingga Agustus 2009. Sebanyak 28 telinga dari 16 orang penderita RSK dimasukkan ke dalam kelompok RSK dan 28 telinga dari 14 orang sehat dimasukkan ke dalam kelompok kontrol. Tekanan telinga tengah kedua kelompok dengan diukur dengan timpanometri menggunakan Audio Traveller AA222 (Interacoustics Denmark 2008). Rerata tekanan telinga tengah kedua kelompok kemudian dibandingkan. Hasil: Tekanan telinga tengah kelompok RSK sebesar &ldquo;87,25 daPa (SD &plusmn; 74,891), sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol sebesar &ldquo;31,21 daPa (SD &plusmn; 11,033) (p = 0,000). Kesimpulan: tekanan telinga tengah penderita RSK lebih negatif dibanding orang normal. Kata kunci : rinosinusitis kronis, tekanan telinga tengah.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EFEK JINTEN HITAM (NIGELLA SATIVA) TERHADAP APOPTOSIS TERHADAP SEL EPITEKL BRONKIOLUS DAN APOPTOSIS LIMFOSIT T SALURAN NAFAS BRONCHIOLUS PADA MODEL MENCIT ASTHMA Endang Sriwahyuni; IMAMA KHALIS NUR ARIFAH
Saintika Medika Vol. 6 No. 2 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.v6i2.1060

Abstract

Abstract Airway remodelling refers to the structural changes that occur in the airway wall in asthma. These is irreversible changes to the airway, with damage of bronchiolus epithelium because the airway epithelium undergoes apoptosis as one of its manifestations. Empirically black seed has been known as bronchial asthma therapy for many years ago. The purpose of the research is to test the effect of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) extract to apoptosis of bronchiolus epithelium and apoptosis of T lymphocytes the airway bronchial asthma on asthma mouse model. Female mice were used in the expeimental laboratory research and allergic mouse model was got by given ovalbumin twice within 3 weeks intraperitoneally and 3 times per week within 6 weeks by inhalation. Black seed extract is given in 3 different dose (0,024 cc/day, 0,048 cc/day and 0,096 cc/day) for 9 weeks. Sample was chosen randomly to share it within 5 group containing 6 mice in every group ; negative control group (without any treatment, n=6), positive control group (sensitizied with ovalbumin, n=6), JH1 group (sensitizied with ovalbumin and treating with first dose of black seed extract, n=6), JH2 group (sensitizied with ovalbumin and treating with second dose of black seed extract, n=6), JH3 group (sensitizied with ovalbumin and treating with third dose of black seed extract, n=6). The parametric that is used in this research is the change in the color of the nucleus of bronchiolus epithelium and T lymphocytes the airway bronchial asthma shown the occurrence of browning apoptosis. The result shown a significant increase of apoptosis of bronchiolus epithelium on positive control group to compare with negative control group. The apoptosis of bronchiolus epithelium on JH1 shown an increase compare with positive control group. For JH2 and JH3 groups shown a decrease the apoptosis of bronchial epithelium compare with positive control group. And the research indicate that the unsignificant aptosis decrease were happen on a group with positive control instead of the group with negative control. Meanwhile, on JH1 group, apoptosis decrease were happening more significantly than the positive control group does, the aptosis increases were happen on JH2 and JH3 group, but its not capable to exceeding the positive control group apoptosis amount The conclusions is the black seed (Nigella sativa L.) extract can decrease apoptosis of bronchiolus epthelium on asthma mouse model in the third dose as the best result and the doses of black seed extract that were giving to the experiment mice can not increasing the apoptosis T Lymphocyte, thus requiring further research to figure out the perfect doses to increasing against respiratory tract apoptosis T Lymphocyte. Keyword: asthma, black seed, the apoptosis of bronchiolus epithelium, apoptosis limfosit T.
PEMBERIAN ZINC DALAM TERAPI DIARE PADA ANAK Pertiwi Febriana Chandrawati
Saintika Medika Vol. 6 No. 2 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.v6i2.1061

Abstract

Abtract Diarrhea and nutrient deficiency in childhood period related to diminished vitamin and mineral in specific, micronutrients. This make children suffer from unbeneficial conditions. Zinc deficiencies disturbed the growth, increased the risk of diarrhea and respiratory tract infection. Zinc supplementation decrease symptoms of infection (diarrhea and cough) and increase development of child. Since 2004, WHO and UNICEF recommended zinc as supplementation in diarrhea. Zinc as diarrhea&rsquo;s treatment based on Evidence that zinc has ability to protect gastrointestinal barrier and accelerate healing process. Zinc deficiencies were a big problem for children in development country. Zinc known at metallo-enzymes, polyribosomes, cell membrane, which influence cell growth and increase cell function. During diarrhea losses of zinc make body deficiency. WHO recommended zinc for diarrhea 10 mg/day for baby at 2-5 month, and 20 mg/days for 6 months child for 10 days. Keyword : Diarrhea &ndash; Zinc &ndash; micronutrient
HUBUNGAN ANTARA IMUNOEKSPRESI P130CAS DENGAN KARSINOMA TIROID PAPILARIS Mochamad Alex Sander
Saintika Medika Vol. 6 No. 2 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.v6i2.1062

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: There are difficulties to determine follicular variants of papillary thyroid carcinomas if the pathological examination revealed no ground glass appearance in the nuclei/Orphan Annie eye, because the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinomas will established to the nuclei. The supporting diagnostic methods were needed to differ between variants follicular of papillary thyroid carcinomas and follicular thyroid carcinomas. Methods: The method of the research was observational analytic using cross sectional design with data that was taken retrospectively. This research investigates an immunoexpression of p130cas immunohistochemically in 31 paraffin-block samples included 8 of papillary thyroid carcinoma without node, 2 with positive node, 13 of papillary thyroid carcinomas follicular variant, and 8 of follicular thyroid carcinomas. The datas were analyzed using a statistic method (Chi square). Results: All papillary thyroid carcinomas and their variants were immunoreactive for p130cas, no positivity in follicular thyroid carcinomas. From Chi Square Test at confidence interval 95%, &aacute; = 0,05, and df = 12, we got x2 = 31,000 with p value < 0,001. Discussion: Immunoexpression of p130cas on immunohistochemically can help to diagnose of papillary thyroid carcinoma and their variants especially through FNAB (fine-neddle aspiration biopsy). Keywords : papillary carcinomas, p130cas, thyroid.
MODEL DIAGNOSTIK STROKE BERDASARKAN GEJALA KLINIS Mochamad Bahrudin
Saintika Medika Vol. 6 No. 2 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.v6i2.1063

Abstract

Abstrak Latar belakang, Stroke menimbulkan masalah besar karena menyebabkan kecacatan dan kematian. Tujauan , Mengetahui profil gejala klinis dominan guna menentukan model diagnosa stroke berdasarkan gejala klinis. Metode, Penelitian dilakukan di RSU Haji Surabaya, RSU jombang dan RSU dr. Soetoma Surabaya, dilakukan secara deskriptif analitik dengan metode cross sectional dan didapatkan sampel penelitian 171 penderita stroke sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eklusi yang ditetapkan. Hasil penelitian, Pasien stroke iskemik 59,1%, stroke perdarahan 40,9%). 4 Gejala klinik dominan ( kesadaran menurun, sakit kepala, tekanan darah systole >=180 dan muntah) mengarah pada stroke perdarahan, dengan test Chi-Square didapatkan hasil yang significant P= 0,000 . Kesimpulan, Pasien stroke dengan 4,3, gejala klinik dominan mengarah ke stroke perdarahan sedang tanpa, 1 dan 2 gejala klinik dominan mengarah ke stroke Iskemik. Kata kunci : stroke, Model Diagnosis Stroke, Gejala klinik dominan.
SEL PUNCA Thontowi Djauhari
Saintika Medika Vol. 6 No. 2 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.v6i2.1064

Abstract

Abstrak Penggunaan dan pengembangan sel punca dalam bidang penelitian dan aplikasinya diklinik dalam rangka mengobati penyakit tidak terlepas dari masalah etik yang mungkin membayanginya, khususnya penggunaan dan pemanfaatan sel punca yang berasal dari embrio (embryonic stem cells). Dasar pengetahuan sel punca merupakan hal yang penting untuk diketahui karena dari sana bisa dikembangkan sel punca tersebut akan berubah menjadi sel permanen. Penggunaan sel punca dalam bidang penelitian dan pengobatan penyakit tidak terlepas dari etika yang dianut untuk menghormati sel punca tersebut, karena masih banyak kontroversi terhadap pengadaan sel punca. Kata kunci : sel punca

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