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INDONESIA
Indonesia Law Reform Journal (ILREJ)
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
ISSN : 27769259     EISSN : 27769674     DOI : 10.22219
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Scope of scientific articles published in this journal deals with various topics in the multidisciplinary field of study of Law from around the world, in particular issues related to: 1. Jurisprudence 2. Legal theory 3. Laws in modern countries 4. Comparative law 5. Constitutional law 6. Law and environment 7. Customary law 8. International law 9. Legal institutions 10. Islamic law 11. other legal topics
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): March, 2023" : 10 Documents clear
The Effectiveness of Regulations Related to the Relocation of Networked Supermarkets in Tulungagung After the Job Creation Law Tavia Yuga Ayutia; Surya Anoraga; Fitria Esfandiari; Nur Rohim Yunus
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): March, 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i1.23844

Abstract

The establishment of the Tulungagung Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2018 concerning the Arrangement and Development of People's Markets, Shopping Centers, and Supermarkets to maintain the economic stability of the surrounding community with regulations to relocate networked shops. After the enactment of Law No. 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation, namely through the implementing regulations of Government Regulation Number 5 of 2021 which regulates the licensing system through Online Single Submission (OSS). This study will discuss the effectiveness of Article 6 paragraph (2) Tulungagung Regional Regulation No. 1 of 2018 After the enactment of the Job Creation Act to run by existing developments in Tulungagung Regency. The problems that will be studied in this paper are 1) the Effectiveness of Article 6 Paragraph (2) Tulungagung Regional Regulation No. 1 of 2018 after the Employment Creation Law; 2) Obstacles in the implementation of Article 6 Paragraph (2) Tulungagung Regional Regulation No. 1 of 2018 After the Job Creation Act. The research method in this paper uses the type of empirical juridical. This study resulted in the first conclusion, the existence of Article 6 paragraph (2) Tulungagung Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2018 is no longer effective after the enactment of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation through its implementing regulation Government Regulation Number 5 of 2021. Second, regarding the authority to issue permits, the authority to supervise and grant business permits, especially SMEs, is currently in the hands of the central government after the enactment of Government Regulation Number 5 of 2021. There are recommendations, namely: Making changes to existing Regional Regulations and improving the quality of Regency Governments based on supervision in issuing permits by looking at the provisions stipulated in Regional Regulations. Keywords: Effectiveness; Authority; Supervision; Permission.   Abstrak Dibentuknya Peraturan Daerah Tulungagung Nomor 1 Tahun 2018 tentang Penataan dan Pembinaan Market Rakyat, Pusat Perbelanjaan dan Toko Swalayan untuk menjaga stabilitas perekonomian masyarakat sekitar dengan adanya aturan untuk melakukan relokasi terhadap toko berjejaring, pasca lahirnya Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja, yakni melalui peraturan pelaksananya Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 5 Tahun 2021 yang mengatur mengenai sistem perizinan melalui Online Single Submission (OSS). Sehingga dalam penelitian ini membahas terkait efektivitas pasal 6 ayat (2) Peraturan Daerah Tulungagung No. 1 Tahun 2018 Pasca lahirnya Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja agar berjalan sesuai dengan perkembangan yang ada di Kabupaten Tulungagung. Permasalahan yang akan dikaji dalam tulisan ini adalah 1) Efektivitas Pasal 6 Ayat (2) Peraturan Daerah Tulungagung No. 1 Tahun 2018 Pasca UU Cipta Kerja; 2) Kendala dalam pelaksanaan Pasal 6 Ayat (2) Peraturan Daerah Tulungagung No. 1 Tahun 2018 Pasca UU Cipta Kerja. Adapun metode penelitian dalam tulisan ini adalah menggunakan tipe penelitian hukum empiris. Dalam penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan pertama, keberadaan Pasal 6 ayat (2) Perda Tulungagung No. 1 Tahun 2018 sudah tidak berlaku efektif pasca lahirnya Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja melalui peraturan pelaksananya PP No. 5 Tahun 2021. Kedua, berkaitan dengan kewenangan dalam mengeluarkan izin, kewenangan dalam melakukan pengawasan dan pemberian izin berusaha khususnya UMKM saat ini berada di tangan pemerintah pusat pasca lahirnya PP No. 5 Tahun 2021. Dari penelitian ini peneliti merekomendasikan: Melakukan perubahan terhadap Peraturan Daerah juga meningkatkan kualitas pemerintahan. Keywords: Efektivitas; Kewenangan; Pengawasan; Izin.
Pluralism and Equality in the Perspective of Human Rights in Indonesia Abustan
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): March, 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i1.24205

Abstract

Abstract In the context of Indonesia's plural society, where the demand for pluralism is increasingly urgent during the democratic transition, it often raises questions about how the implementation of the principle of equality can be the foundation of democracy and the fulfillment of human rights. The purpose of writing is to analyzehow society respects pluralism/equality as part of the fulfillment of citizens' rights in a democratic country. The research method used is normative juridical by referring to legal norms contained in the constitution and legislation. The aim of the research is to identify the important dimensions that the state must consider in realizing pluralism and equality from the perspective of human rights in Indonesia. Moreover, it aims to demonstrate that in a diverse society, religious tolerance in the effort of developing religious life can still run harmoniously, dialogically, and tolerantly in the present modern Indonesia era. This is especially important for Indonesia, as it has the fourth-largest population in the world. Therefore, the presence of the state in supporting the multicultural democratic society is highly needed. Keywords: Plurality and Equality; Human Rights; and Democracy. Abstrak Dalam konteks masyarakat Indonesia yang plural, di mana tuntutan akan paham kemajemukan semakin mendesak pada masa transisi demokratisasi, sehingga kerap kali mengimbulkan pertanyaan bagaimana penerapan prinsip kesetaraan dapat menjadi landasan perjuangan demokrasi dan pemenuhan hak asasi manusia. Pertanyaan tersebut itulah yang menjadi fokus riset ini, yakni meneliti tentang bagaimana tatanan masyarakat menghormati kemajemukan/kesetaraan sebagai bagian dari pemenuhan hak-hak warga negara dalam sebuah negara demokrasi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode Yuridis Normatif yaitu dengan mengacu pada norma-norma hukum yang terdapat dalam konstitusi dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui dimensi-dimensi penting yang menjadi perhatian negara dalam mewujudkan kemajemukan dan kesetaraan dalam perspektif hak asasi manusia di Indonesia. Lebih dari itu, juga hendak menunjukkan bahwa dalam ranah masyarakat majemuk, toleransi agama dalam upaya pengembangan kehidupan beragama tetap berjalan harmonis, dialogis, dan toleran dalam era Indonesia moderen sekarang ini. Apalagi Negara Indonesia dengan jumlah populasi penduduk terbesar ke 4 di dunia. Maka dari itu, kehadiran negara dalam rangka menopang pilar masyarakat demokratis multikultural sangat diperlukan. Kata kunci: Kemajemukan dan Kesetaraan, Hak Asasi Manusia dan Demokrasi.  
Typology of Strengthening Foundations as Successor to Old Foundations Post Regime Law on Foundations Mohammad Isrok; Radhityas Kharisma Nuryasinta
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): March, 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i1.24323

Abstract

After the Law on Foundations was formed, every Foundation that existed before the enactment of the Law was obliged to adjust its Articles of Association with the provisions of the Law on Foundations. If not, there will be legal consequences for foundations that have not made adjustments, or in other words, the foundation will be legally weak and will also have an impact on the assets/wealth of the foundation. The purpose of this study is to find out the legal implications for new foundations that do not comply with the Foundation Law, as well as find out the typology of strengthening foundations to adjust the condition of their assets by the Foundation Law. With the sociological juridical method, it can be concluded that for foundations that do not adjust their statutes by the Law on foundations, especially related to assets, the foundation will have difficulty managing the ownership of its assets, especially for immovable objects. Then there are two typologies of strengthening to adjust the conditions of the AR Foundation by the Foundation Law, namely from the legality side of law and audit reports. Legal legality emphasizes that achieving accountability and transparency can be carried out through non-litigation efforts which include controlling assets, increasing the capacity of Foundation organs, strengthening supervision, and mediation as well as litigation efforts in the form of court suits. While the typology of strengthening in terms of financial reports, foundations need to have routine reporting standards to report their activities and funding to the Foundation Trustees by financial accounting standards. Keywords: Foundation; Strengthening; Typology.   Abstrak Pasca Undang – Undang tentang Yayasan terbentuk, setiap Yayasan yang lahir/ ada sebelum UU Yayasan wajib untuk menyesuaikan Anggaran Dasarnya dengan ketentuan UU Yayasan. Jika tidak maka akan ada implikasi hukum terhadap Yayasan yang belum melakukan penyesuaian, atau dengan kata lain Yayasan tersebut lemah secara hukum yang turut berdampak (salah satunya) terhadap asset/kekayaan Yayasan. Penyesuaian yang diwajibkan semata-mata bertujuan untuk memberikan penguatan pada sebuah Yayasan yang masih eksis hingga saat ini. Sedangkan penguatan itu sendiri memiliki karakter tertentu yang pada umumnya akan terakumulasi dan muncul sebagai bentuk kesan maupun citra yang diberikan siapa saja terhadap eksistensi Yayasan. Beranjak dari latar belakang yuridis demikian maka penelitian ini menjadikan Yayasan “AR” sebagai objek penelitian, karena berdasarkan observasi peneliti menemukan adanya problem status asset/ kekayaan Yayasan yang disebabkan oleh kurang optimalnya pengelolaan aset yang harus mengacu kepada UU Yayasan. Problem yang demikian menempatkan posisi Yayasan “AR” lemah secara hukum terhadap kepemilikan asetnya, sehingga melalui penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran objektif mengenai faktor penyebab problem tersebut, dan memberikan solusi mengenai langkah apa saja yang diperlukan untuk memperkuat Yayasan “AR”. Terlebih bahwa Penyesuaian asset/ kekayaan memiliki keterkaitan dengan terbentuknya sebuah klasifikasi penguatan atau yang sering digunakan dengan istilah tipologi penguatan. Guna menjawab permasalahan tersebut, peneliti mengangkat dua buah permasalahan, pertama apa implikasi hukum terhadap Yayasan baru yang tidak menyesuaikan diri dengan UU Yayasan, khususnya terkait asset Lembaga, dan kedua bagaimana tipologi penguatan untuk menyesuaikan kondisi Yayasan baru saat ini dengan ketentuan UU Yayasan. Kata kunci: Penguatan; Tipologi; Yayasan.
Legal Protection for Workers who Have Harmed Employers: Case Study of Supreme Court Verdict Number 702K/Pdt.Sus-Phi/2021 Sonia Amelia; Ega Permatadani; Ida Ayu Rosida; Rifda Ayu Akmaliya; Anang Dony Irawan
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): March, 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i1.24464

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to find out how legal protection for workers has harmed employers so that workers have been laid off. The type of research used in this study is normative research using the nature of the law approach as well as the theoretical point of view from scientific books and journals that function to provide solutions to existing legal problems. The results show that even though Article 164 paragraph (3) of Law Number 13 of 2003 must provide severance pay, award money, and services during the employee's working period and provide compensation. When workers are proven to be unproductive at work or have problems with the detriment of the employer, the employer can take action to terminate the employment relationship with the worker. From there, the Law does not prohibit companies from taking efficiency measures, but these efficiency actions are no longer valid if there are procedures or reasons that are not in accordance with the applicable regulatory requirements. With the existence of Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower, I hope that it can implement various national instruments that have been ratified, for example labor rights. This ambiguity makes the Indonesian people have to have strong policies and regulations on labor rights regulations, so that they can restore the wheels of Indonesia's slumping economy. Keywords: Labor; Legal Protection; Termination of Employment.   Abstrak Tujuan penelitian yakni untuk mengetahui bagaimana perlindungan hukum bagi para pekerja yang telah merugikan pengusaha sehingga sampai para pekerja di PHK. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif dengan memakai sifat pendekatan Undang-Undang serta sudut pandang teoritis dari buku dan jurnal ilmiah yang berfungsi untuk memberikan solusi terhadap permasalahan hukum yang ada. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Saat pekerja terbukti tidak produktif dalam bekerja atau memiliki masalah sampai merugikan pengusaha disitu pengusaha bisa mengambil tindakan untuk memutuskan hubungan kerja dengan pekerja. Dari situ Undang-Undang tidak melarang perusahaan untuk melakukan tindakan efisiensi namun tindakan efiensi tersebut menjadi tidak berlaku lagi jika ada prosedur atau alasan yang tidak sesuai dengan syarat peraturan yang berlaku. Adanya Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan saya harap bisa melaksanakan berbagai instrument nasional yang telah diratifikasi contohnya hak hak tenaga kerja. Ketidakjelasan tersebut membuat bangsa Indonesia harus memiliki kebijakan dan peraturan yang kuat atas peraturan hak para tenaga kerja, sehingga bisa mengembalikan roda perekonomian Indonesia yang terpuruk ini. Kata Kunci: Tenaga Kerja; Perlindungan Hukum; Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja.
Asset Forfeiture of Corruption Proceeds Using the Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture Method: A Review of Human Rights Wulandari; Wasis Suprayitno; Kukuh Dwi Kurniawan; Merve Özkan Borsa
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): March, 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i1.24496

Abstract

Abstract One of the state's efforts to eradicate corruption is to draw up a Bill on Asset Write-off, in which there is the regulation regarding the concept of Non-Criminal-Based Asset Write-off, which this concept can be called "Writing Without Punishment". The purpose of this writing is to find out how the concept of Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture "Forfeiture Without Criminalization" can overcome corruption cases. Then to know how the human rights of the perpetrators whose assets are seized all by the state, doesn't every human being have the right to defend what they are entitled to. The method used by the author is the normative juridical method. These things are the general description of In this study, it was concluded that "Non-Conviction Based Assets" Forfeiture (NCB)" in the case of confiscation of assets resulting from criminal acts of corruption intends to maximize efforts to restore / recover assets (asset recovery) for state treasury losses are for the benefit of justice with the whole community, and the mechanism does not violate Human rights are based on the barrier between the rights to property as defined regulated in "Article 28G of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Keywords: Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture; Corruption; Criminal Code. Abstrak Salah satu upaya negara memberantas korupsi adalah dengan lahirnya Rancangan Undang-undang Penghapusan Aset, yang didalamnya terdapat pengaturan mengenai konsep Penghapusan Aset Berbasis Non-Pidana yang konsep ini dapat disebut dengan "Penghapusan Tanpa Hukuman". Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana konsep Penghapusan Aset Berbasis Non-Pidana "Penghapusan Tanpa Kriminalisasi" dapat mengatasi kasus korupsi. Kemudian untuk mengetahui bagaimana hak asasi manusia dari pelaku yang asetnya disita seluruhnya oleh negara, bukankah setiap manusia berhak membela apa yang menjadi haknya. Metode yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah metode yuridis normatif. Hal-hal tersebut merupakan deskripsi umum dalam penelitian ini, dinyatakan bahwa "Penghapusan Aset Berbasis Non-Pidana" dalam kasus penghapusan aset yang dihasilkan dari tindakan kejahatan korupsi bermaksud memaksimalkan upaya untuk memulihkan / mengembalikan aset (pemulihan aset) untuk kerugian kas negara demi kepentingan keadilan bersama masyarakat, dan mekanisme tersebut tidak melanggar hak asasi manusia yang didasarkan pada penghalang antara hak atas properti yang diatur dalam "Pasal 28G Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945". Kata kunci: Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture; Korupsi; Hukum Pidana.
Juridical Analysis of Legal Protection of Personal Data in terms of Legal Certainty Akhmad Afridho Wira P; Fitria Esfandiari; Wasis Wasis
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): March, 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i1.23840

Abstract

Personal data is individual data that is stored, cared for, and kept true and also protected by confidentiality. There are various kinds of rules governing personal data in Indonesia but there is no one rule that specifically regulates personal data itself. The purpose of this study is to analyze the protection of personal data in terms of legal certainty. The problem in this research is how the legal protection of personal data is viewed from the Legal Certainty Principle, as well as the ius constituendum for personal data regulation in Indonesia. This study uses normative legal research using statutory and case approaches. Collection of legal materials through the method of literature study, with primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The conclusion from the results of this study shows that the current regulations still do not really provide concrete protection because personal data itself does not have laws that specifically regulate and bind it. The suggestion from this study is that there are efforts to optimize agencies or institutions that have authorization in terms of enforcing data protection laws in Indonesia. Abstrak Data pribadi adalah data perseorangan yang disimpan, dirawat, dan dijaga kebenarannya dan juga dilindungi kerahasiaanya. Terdapat berbagai macam aturan yang mengatur data pribadi tersebut di Indonesia tetapi belum ada satu aturan yang mengatur secara khusus tentang data pribadi itu sendiri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa tentang perlindungan data pribadi ditinjau dari aspek kepastian hukum.  Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap data pribadi ditinjau dari Asas Kepastian Hukum, serta ius constituendum terhadap pengaturan data pibadi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Pengumpulan bahan hukum melalui metode studi literatur, dengan bahan hukum primer, sekunder, maupun tersier. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, aturan- aturan yang berlaku saat ini masih belum terlalu memberikan perlindungan yang konkrit karena data pribadi ini sendiri belum memiliki undang-undang yang khusus mengatur dan mengikat didalamnya. Saran dari penelitian ini adalah ada upaya optimalisasi terhadap instansi atau lembaga yang memiliki otorisasi dalam hal penegakan hukum perlindungan data di Indonesia.  
Juridical Analysis of Presidential Term Extension Through Constitutional Amendment Rety Bella Octavya Zain; Catur WIdo Haruni; Sholahuddin Al-Fatih; Mohammad Al An'imat
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): March, 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i1.24930

Abstract

One of the content materials in constitutional amendment process is Article 7 of 1945 Republic of Indonesia Constitution concerning the President's term of office being limited to only two terms. During the era of President Joko Widodo's leadership, the issue of extending presidential term into three terms resurfaced. This study raises the main issues studied are, First, how is the legal politics of extending the President's term of office in terms of the Presidential Government System. Second, what is the urgency of President's term extension in terms of the Presidential System. This research is a normative juridical research with legal materials. The approach method used is the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. This study uses a qualitative descriptive analysis technique. Based on the results of research and discussion, that First, legal politics in extending the presidential term of office, namely placing a place to filter leaders so they can advance in a direct democratic party has a logical consequence so that in a presidential system of government, the existence of political parties can certainly have an influence on support on every presidential policy taken. Second, the urgency of an extension of the term of office of President in terms of Presidential Government system, that there is no need to extend the term of office for three terms because it causes discontinuity regarding the terms of office of the President and Vice President in Indonesia in order to prevent authoritarianism. The advice from this paper is that the extension of the term of office of the President and Vice President is sufficient for 2 periods and there is no need for an extension of the term of office of the President for more than two consecutive terms, because it can lead to abuse of power.
Legal Consequences of Marriage Agreement to Interested Third Parties Rhesita Ayu Sophia Dewi; Herwastoeti; Dwi Ratna Indri Hapsari
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): March, 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i1.25362

Abstract

Marriage is a bond that forms a family within society and the state. With the existence of marriage can realize the welfare and happiness between humans. In a marriage, the husband or wife certainly brings assets called innate assets. So, before the marriage takes place, the prospective husband and wife make a marriage agreement which is a form of agreement made between one party and another and there is no coercion from any party. This study aims to find out how the process of making a marriage agreement deed and to find out whether the marriage agreement has legal consequences for third parties. The type of research used is empirical juridical with primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques with interviews and observation. The results of the study show that in Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, what is unanimously mixed are assets acquired during marriage. As for inherited assets, they remain under the authority of each unless mutually agreed upon by the husband and wife to be united in joint property. In the marriage agreement besides binding the husband and wife, the marriage agreement is also binding on third parties. So, this is a third party is very interested. Abstrak Perkawinan merupakan ikatan yang membentuk suatu keluarga di dalam lingkungan masyarakat dan negara. Dengan adanya perkawinan dapat mewujudkan kesejahteraan dan kebahagiaan antar manusia. Dalam suatu perkawinan suami atau istri tentunya membawa harta yang disebut harta bawaan. Maka sebelum perkawinan berlangsung para calon suami dan isteri membuat perjanjian perkawinan yang merupakan salah satu wujud dari perjanjian yang dibuat antara satu pihak dengan pihak yang lain dan tidak ada paksaan dari pihak manapun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses dalam pembuatan akta perjanjian perkawinan serta untuk mengetahui apakah perjanjian perkawinan memiliki akibat hukum bagi pihak ketiga. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris dengan data perimer dan data skunder. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam Undang – Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, yang dicampurkan secara bulat adalah harta yang diperoleh selama perkawinan. Sedangkan untuk harta bawaan tetap di bawah kekuasaan masing-masing kecuali disepakati bersama oleh suami dan istri untuk disatukan dalam harta bersama. Dalam perjanjian pernikahan selain mengikat pasangan suami-istri tersebut, perjanjian perkawinan juga mengikat terhadap pihak ketiga. Maka hal ini pihak ketiga sangat berkepentingan.  
Rethinking the Sovereignty Principle: Is it a Legal Provision or a Political Domain Nowadays? Dewi Nurvianti; Aris Irawan; Fathurrahman; Sri Fridayanti
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): March, 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i1.25686

Abstract

The relation of international community currently emphasize that soveregnty princple could not more decide as the main principle in managing a territory of state, even though sovereignty is the main requirement for a state to enforce its law and to do cooperation among entities in international relations. In order to find out the exact interpretation of sovereginty principle, this article used qualitative method. This study find out that sovereignty is recognized as one of the principles in recognizing a state. This term has a political nuance, because the aspect of recognition itself is not a legal aspect but a political one. Moreover, in several cases, even though a country had proclaimed its sovereignty, there are still opportunities for a part of the territory to become independent or even to be acquired by other countries. Thus, it seems that the principle of sovereignty has a tendency as part of politics. However, the principle of sovereignty remains a legal principle based on the provisions of international law, where each country has exclusive rights in every part of its territory, namely in land, air and sea. Currently, the concept of international law has expanded to the politic of international law study, which numerous aspects of law enforcement mingle with a country's policies that are synonymous with political aspects. Additionally, that the current principle of sovereignty should be completed with another legal principle in international law. Abstrak Hubungan masyarakat internasional saat ini menekankan bahwa prinsip kedaulatan tidak dapat lagi diputuskan sebagai prinsip utama dalam pengelolaan suatu wilayah negara, padahal kedaulatan merupakan syarat utama bagi suatu negara untuk menegakkan hukumnya dan untuk melakukan kerjasama antar entitas dalam hubungan internasional. Untuk mengetahui interpretasi yang tepat dari prinsip kedaulatan, artikel ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Studi ini menemukan bahwa kedaulatan diakui sebagai salah satu prinsip dalam pengakuan suatu negara. Istilah ini bernuansa politis, karena aspek pengakuan itu sendiri bukanlah aspek hukum melainkan aspek politik. Apalagi, dalam beberapa kasus, meski suatu negara telah memproklamasikan kedaulatannya, masih ada peluang bagi sebagian wilayahnya untuk merdeka atau bahkan diakuisisi oleh negara lain. Dengan demikian, nampaknya prinsip kedaulatan memiliki kecenderungan sebagai bagian dari politik. Namun asas kedaulatan tetap merupakan asas hukum berdasarkan ketentuan hukum internasional, dimana setiap negara memiliki hak eksklusif di setiap bagian wilayahnya, yaitu di darat, udara dan laut. Saat ini, konsep hukum internasional telah merambah ke politik kajian hukum internasional, dimana berbagai aspek penegakan hukum berbaur dengan kebijakan suatu negara yang identik dengan aspek politik. Oleh karena itu, disimpulkan bahwa asas kedaulatan yang berlaku saat ini harus dilengkapi dengan asas hukum lain dalam hukum internasional.
Regulation of Patent Protection of Computer Programs as Inventions in Indonesia Asri Sarif; I Gede Mahatma Yogiswara Winatha
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): March, 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i1.25940

Abstract

The protection of computer programs in Indonesia has been strictly regulated in the Copyright Law, but the patent obtained by Eddy Tuhirman for his program in 2017 shows that the protection of computer programs in Indonesia is not impossible. This study aims to find out how the regulation of patent protection for computer programs in Indonesia. Using normative juridical research methods, with an emphasis on analysis on applicable legal regulations and other legal sources relevant to the legal issues studied. The results of this study indicate that based on the explanation of Article 4 letter d of Law no. 13 of 2016 concerning Patents, patent protection for computer programs can still be granted on a limited basis. Patent protection is not granted to computer programs which contain only a set of instructions expressed in the form of language, code, schematic or in any other form without having a technical effect. Patents can only be granted for computer programs that have characteristics in the form of instructions, technical effects, and problem solving in the field of technology. In order to provide more legal certainty, it is suggested that the government make stricter and clearer regulations, particularly regarding the types and specifications of computer programs that can be granted patents. Abstrak Perlindungan atas program computer di Indonesia telah diatur secara tegas dalam Undang-Undang tentang Hak Cipta, namun Paten yang didapat oleh Eddy Tuhirman atas program ciptaannya pada tahun 2017 menunjukkan, bahwa perlindungan atas program koomputer di Indonesia bukan sesuatu yang tidak mungkin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan perlindungan paten terhadap program komputer di Indonesia. Menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, dengan menitikberatkan analisis pada peraturan-peraturan hukum yang berlaku dan sumber hukum lainnya yang relevan dengan isu hukum yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan penjelasan Pasal 4 huruf d Undang-Undang No. 13 Tahun 2016 tentang Paten, perlindungan paten atas program komputer masih dapat diberikan secara terbatas. Perlindungan Paten tidak diberikan kepada program computer yang hanya berisi seperangkat instruksi yang diekspresikan dalam bentuk bahasa, kode, skema, atau dalam bentuk apapun tanpa memiliki efek teknis. Paten hanya dapat diberikan untuk program komputer yang memiliki karakteristik berupa instruksi, efek teknis, dan pemecahan masalah di bidang teknologi. Untuk lebih memberikan kepastian hukum, disarankan agar pemerintah dapat membuat peraturan yang lebih tegas dan jelas, khususnya mengenai jenis dan spesifikasi program komputer yang dapat diberikan hak paten.  

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