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INDONESIA
Indonesia Law Reform Journal (ILREJ)
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
ISSN : 27769259     EISSN : 27769674     DOI : 10.22219
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Scope of scientific articles published in this journal deals with various topics in the multidisciplinary field of study of Law from around the world, in particular issues related to: 1. Jurisprudence 2. Legal theory 3. Laws in modern countries 4. Comparative law 5. Constitutional law 6. Law and environment 7. Customary law 8. International law 9. Legal institutions 10. Islamic law 11. other legal topics
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): March, 2024" : 7 Documents clear
The Indonesian Legal Framework to Mitigate Marine Plastic Debris Chomariyah, Chomariyah; Rafiqi, Ilham Dwi
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): March, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v4i1.32110

Abstract

This study aims to analyse and identify the problem of plastic marine debris in Indonesia and in the ASEAN Frame. This research employed a normative approach involving the implementation of the ASEAN Framework, Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and management, based on the principle of sustainability. The government and the local Government's duties are to ensure that marine debris will be implemented in a good manner and based on environmentally sound management, as in line with Presidential Regulation No. 83 Year 2018 on Marine Debris Management.  This study also uses qualitative methods to explain and analyze the phenomena and social dynamics of marine plastic debris. The ASEAN framework involves the encouragement of the preparation of regional action plans to combat marine plastic debris. This is important, considering that the four ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, and the Philippines) are the largest producers of marine plastic debris in the world, while Indonesia is involved in every stage of environmental diplomacy in ASEAN.  The research results show that the measures taken by ASEAN range from the initiation stage to the implementation of the ASEAN Regional Action Plan to Combat Marine Debris in ASEAN Member States 2021 – 2025 including in Indonesia. Every state performs its own marine debris management, depending on the Area, population, mastery of technology and state budget. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengidentifikasi permasalahan sampah plastik di laut di Indonesia dan dalam kerangka ASEAN. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan normatif, peraturan perundang-undangan dengan mengimplementasikan Kerangka ASEAN, Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, berdasarkan prinsip keberlanjutan. Tugas Pemerintah dan Pemerintah Daerah adalah menjamin pengelolaan sampah laut dilaksanakan dengan baik dan berdasarkan pengelolaan yang berwawasan lingkungan, Peraturan Presiden Nomor 83 Tahun 2018 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah Laut. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk menjelaskan dan menganalisis fenomena, dinamika sosial sampah plastik di laut. Kerangka kerja ASEAN adalah dengan mendorong penyusunan rencana aksi regional untuk memerangi sampah plastik di laut. Hal ini penting karena keempat negara ASEAN (Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, Filipina) merupakan penghasil sampah plastik laut terbesar di dunia. Indonesia terlibat dalam setiap tahapan diplomasi lingkungan hidup di ASEAN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, Di ASEAN mulai dari tahap inisiasi hingga implementasi Rencana Aksi Regional ASEAN untuk Memerangi Sampah Laut di Negara Anggota ASEAN 2021 – 2025 termasuk di Indonesia. Dalam melaksanakan pengelolaan sampah laut tidak selalu sama di setiap Negara, terdapat empat unsur yang membedakannya tergantung pada Luas Wilayah, jumlah penduduk, penguasaan teknologi dan anggaran pendapatan Negara.
Implementation of Indirect Evidence on Tender Conspiracy in The Construction Services: How to Prove it? Yusro, Mochammad Abizar; Hakimah , Arista Salsabila; Edeline, Aurora
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): March, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v4i1.32741

Abstract

In the current government era, the focus on infrastructure development is carried out to increase competitiveness on a national and international scale. Tthe realisation of the infrastructure budget in 2021 reached IDR 402.8 trillion, growing 31.1% compared to 2020. However, it is not uncommon for irregularities to occur in preparing and implementing infrastructure development, one of which is a tender conspiracy in the construction services sector. Difficult proof becomes an obstacle in law enforcement regarding business competition. Therefore, this research focuses on implementing indirect evidence in the construction services sector to sanction violations of business competition aspects in Indonesia. This research is descriptive and uses normative juridical research. The statutory approach (statute approach) and conceptual approach (conceptual approach) are used, supported by the secondary data divided into primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The secondary data was obtained through library research collection techniques and then analysed qualitatively. The results of this study prove that indirect evidence can be used to confirm that the respondent was found guilty of tender conspiracy, indicating the practice of unfair business competition. The respondent is subject to administrative sanctions to provide a deterrent effect so as not to repeat the violation. Abstrak Pada era pemerintahan saat ini berfokus pada pembangunan infrastruktur dilakukan untuk meningkatkan daya saing di skala nasional maupun internasional. Realisasi anggaran infrastruktur tahun 2021 mencapai Rp 402,8 triliun, tumbuh 31,1% dibandingkan tahun 2020. Akan tetapi, tidak jarang penyimpangan dalam proses persiapan dan pelaksanaan pembangunan infrastruktur, salah satunya adalah terjadi persekongkolan tender di sektor jasa konstruksi. Pembuktian yang sulit menjadi hambatan dalam penegakan hukum dalam aspek persaingan usaha. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini berfokus pada implementasi pembuktian tidak langsung (indirect evidence) di sektor jasa konstruksi, guna memberikan sanksi pada pelanggaran aspek persaingan usaha di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif. Jenis pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statue approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach). Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang terbagi atas bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Data sekunder tersebut diperoleh melalui teknik pengumpulan studi kepustakaan (library research), yang kemudian data dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa indirect evidence dapat digunakan untuk membuktikan termohon dinyatakan bersalah atas pelanggaran persekongkolangan tender, dalam praktik persaingan usaha tidak sehat. Adapun termohon dikenakan sanksi administratif untuk memberikan efek jera agar tidak melakukan pelanggaran tersebut kembali.
Justice for Indigenous People: Management Right Term to Third Parties Maulana, Iqbal; Fadli, Moh; Herlinda, Herlinda; Nur, Asrul Ibrahim
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): March, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v4i1.33058

Abstract

Management rights are control rights from the state, part of which is given to the right holder. Management rights on customary land can contribute to the state and customary law communities by paying attention to the customary rights of customary law communities recognised by the constitution. This research explores the legal basis for the recognition of customary rights, the concept of management rights over customary rights, and how the time limit for management rights cooperated with third parties can provide justice to Indigenous peoples. The method employed is the normative legal method, utilising both statutory and conceptual approaches. The research results highlight a legal vacuum regarding the time limit of management rights when engaging with third parties, where legal protection to the parties cannot be provided due to a legal vacuum. This gap in legal protection necessitates prompt regulation to set time limits that are equitable for Indigenous communities to ensure certainty, justice and legal protection for all parties involved. Abstrak Hak pengelolaan merupakan hak menguasai dari negara yang sebagian pelaksanaannya diberikan kepada pemegang haknya. Hak pengelolaan di atas tanah ulayat dapat memberikan konstribusi bagi negara dan masyarakat hukum adat dengan memerhatikan Hak ulayat masyarakat hukum adat yang di akui oleh konstitusi. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk menganalisis  pengakuan hak ulayat, kedua konsep hak pengelolaan diatas hak ulayat, ketiga dan batasan waktu hak pengelolaan yang dikerjasamakan kepada pihak ketiga dapat memberikan keadilan kepada masyarakat hukum adat. Metode yang digunakan adalah  metode penelitian hukum normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kekosongan hukum mengenai batasan waktu hak pengelolaan yang akan dikerjasamakan kepada pihak lain/ketiga, yang dimana perlindungan hukum kepada para pihak tidak dapat diberikan karena adanya kekosongan hukum, sehingga demi menjamin kepastian, keadilan dan perlindungan hukum bagi pihak ketiga, terkhusus masyarakat hukum adat, maka perlunya segera diatur batasan waktu yang berkeadilan bagi masyarakat hukum adat.
Diversion Taken for the Case of Violence Committed by Children Haris, Haris; Santi, Nyadina Eka
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): March, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v4i1.33062

Abstract

This research seeks to investigate, study, and analyse the diversion taken in the case of violence committed by children in the Sub-Regional Police Department in Malang City. This is socio-empirical research entailing direct observation in the Sub-Regional Police Department in Malang City, aiming to delve into the problems discussed. The research materials consist of primary and secondary data obtained directly and indirectly. The analysis results reveal that the process of diversion in the case of violence committed by children should take into account deliberation involving both victims and perpetrators along with their parents/guardians, social welfare personnel, and the members of the public. Some measures of diversion work as expected when redress could be obtained, while others fail when family members of the victims insist on bringing the case to court. The diversion process should also take into account mentorship for the victims and their rights, where direct protection is provided. A legal advisor or a psychologist can facilitate this mentorship. Diversion is intended to teach children to be responsible for what they have committed to ensure that the objectives of diversion enshrined in the Law concerning the Judicial System of Juvenile Crime are attained. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, mengkaji, dan menganalisis diversi yang dilakukan dalam kasus kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh anak di wilayah hukum Polres Kota Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sosio-empiris dengan melakukan observasi langsung di Kepolisian Sektor Kota Malang, yang bertujuan untuk mendalami permasalahan yang dibahas. Bahan penelitian terdiri dari data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa proses diversi dalam kasus kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh anak harus memperhatikan musyawarah yang melibatkan korban dan pelaku beserta orang tua/wali, tenaga kesejahteraan sosial, dan masyarakat. Beberapa langkah diversi berhasil seperti yang diharapkan ketika ganti rugi dapat diperoleh, sementara yang lain gagal ketika anggota keluarga korban bersikeras untuk membawa kasus tersebut ke pengadilan. Proses diversi juga harus mempertimbangkan pendampingan bagi para korban dan hak-hak mereka, di mana perlindungan langsung diberikan. Seorang penasihat hukum atau psikolog dapat memfasilitasi pendampingan ini. Diversi dimaksudkan untuk mengajarkan anak untuk bertanggung jawab atas apa yang telah mereka lakukan untuk memastikan bahwa tujuan diversi yang tercantum dalam Undang-Undang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak tercapai.
The Rechtelijk Pardon Concept in Reforming the Penal System to Realize Restorative Justice in Indonesia Adytia, Nur Amalina Putri; Wachdin, Syarif Zakaria Said; Affan, Muhammad; Said, Said
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): March, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v4i1.33101

Abstract

Strategy to the type of punishment from retributive to restorative is one strategy used to foster intimacy in conflicted community lives. This strategy is still in place to encourage all members of society, including perpetrators and victims, to participate in case resolution so that crimes do not always result in jail time. As a formulation of reforming Indonesian criminal law, Rechtelijk Pardon, or judge forgiveness, gives judges the theoretical authority to avoid criminal penalties against those who commit crimes, depending on the circumstances surrounding the decision. This paper attempts to discuss this concept, which is currently unknown in Indonesian criminal law. Other countries' laws and the Rechtelijk Pardon concept are some of the current and upcoming legal sources that were examined through the use of a conceptual approach and normative legal research methodology. According to this study, the KUHP is starting to implement the concept of judges' forgiveness, or Rechtelijk Pardon. Legal problems may arise even if the idea is not included in the official language, particularly the KUHAP. Nevertheless, this is a good start in the direction of fortifying Indonesia's criminal justice system. In the future, punishment will be adaptable to achieve the objectives of the law, justice, and legal clarity within the bounds of the state and society Abstrak Strategi untuk mencapai keselarasan kehidupan bermasyarakat yang dilanda konflik terus diupayakan melalui reformasi pemidanaan itu sendiri, dari pemidanaan retributif menjadi pemidanaan restoratif, dan penegakannya terus memberikan dampak baik bagi korban maupun masyarakat  sebagai korban Pelaku dilibatkan dalam penyelesaian kasus dengan tujuan memastikan tidak semua kejahatan selalu berakhir dengan hukuman penjara. Artikel ini mencoba membahas  salah satu konsep yang masih belum dikenal dalam hukum pidana Indonesia sebagai rumusan reformasi hukum pidana Indonesia. Hal ini pada hakikatnya memberikan  hakim kekuasaan untuk menghindari sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku kejahatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk menganalisis konsep ini adalah hukum normatif, yaitu suatu pendekatan konseptual yang memasukkan bahan-bahan hukum saat ini dan yang akan datang seperti rancangan undang-undang, konsep amnesti dari negara lain, serta peraturan perundang-undangan dari negara lain sebagai metode penelitian. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep hak pengampunan secara bertahap mulai diintegrasikan ke dalam hukum pidana, namun konsep ini tidak dijelaskan secara rinci dalam aspek formil yaitu dalam hukum acara pidana. Meskipun masih terdapat kesenjangan dan implikasi hukumnya akan menimbulkan perbedaan pendapat, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat upaya awal untuk membawa sistem peradilan pidana Indonesia ke tingkat yang lebih tinggi. Ke depan, kebebasan dalam pidana harus diberikan demi tercapainya tujuan hukum, kepastian hukum, dan keadilan dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bermasyarakat.
Comparative of The Law Enforcement Systems for Rape Against Women in Indonesia and India Septiani, Altiah; Albab, Ulil
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): March, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v4i1.34728

Abstract

The aim of this research is to understand the legal system between Indonesia and India and what preventive measures are in place for the high rate of crimes involving the rape of women. Even though it is clear what the forms and types of punishment in both countries are based on the Criminal Code, with the increasing number of rapes what are the steps for courts and judges to pass sentences on perpetrators of rape and efforts to prevent them. The urgency of this writing and research is to answer how the English and Roman legal systems compare. The research method used is normative (Legal Research) and other data sources, namely primary legal sources listed such as Law Number 39 of 1999, Law Number 65 of 2005, Law Number 12 of 2022, Indonesian Criminal Code, Indian Criminal Code, Indian National Commission Act 1990, Indian Criminal Law Amendment 2013 and Indian Criminal Law Amendment 2018. The novelty of this research is the explanation of enforcement with differences in rape legal systems. The results of this research are that the enforcement of rape law in Indonesia is that judges are not bound by anything and anyone in handing down decisions (Inquisitorial) and are based on the Criminal Code (Codification), whereas India takes previous judges' decisions in similar cases in higher courts (Precedent) with presenting several legal experts (Doctrine) and making the Criminal Code a source of law (Statute). Indonesia's preventive efforts include establishing the National Commission on Violence Against Women and passing the TPKS Law. Meanwhile, the Indian state formed a National Commission for women with the involvement of Indian women activists to fight rape.
Comparison of Dispute Resolution in General Elections in Indonesia and Thailand Saputra, Darwin; Amiludin, Amiludin; Ahmad, Dwi Nur Fauziah; Razif, Imran Bukhari
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): March, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v4i1.34868

Abstract

The history of general elections in Indonesia began in 1955 with the implementation of a Proportional Representation system, allowing voters to directly elect candidates or parties. This system underwent modifications over time, including the adoption of an open-list system in 2004. The enactment of Law No. 7 of 2017 subsequently regulated the conduct of general elections in Indonesia, emphasizing principles such as direct, general, free, secret, fair, and honest elections. In Thailand, the history of general elections commenced following the 1932 revolution that ended absolute monarchy. Despite this, Thailand has experienced numerous military coups affecting its political dynamics, notably in 2006 and 2014, sparking debates among opposing political factions. This study employs a normative and legal approach to analyze the dispute resolution systems of general elections in Indonesia, contrasting them with Thailand's specialized commission approach for similar matters. In Indonesia, the resolution of election disputes is governed by Law No. 7 of 2017, with oversight bodies including the General Election Commission and the Election Supervisory Board. Conversely, Thailand's Election Commission of Thailand plays a crucial role in resolving election disputes in accordance with the constitution. Both countries adopt different approaches in handling election disputes; Indonesia relies on judicial bodies such as the Administrative Court and the Supreme Court, whereas Thailand employs the Election Commission of Thailand as a non-judicial institution with broad authority in addressing electoral law violations. Abstrak Sejarah Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia dimulai pada tahun 1955 dengan menggunakan Sistem Proporsional, di mana pemilih dapat memilih calon secara langsung atau partai. Sistem ini mengalami modifikasi dari waktu ke waktu, termasuk penerapan stelsel daftar terbuka pada tahun 2004. Undang-Undang No. 7 Tahun 2017 kemudian mengatur pelaksanaan pemilihan umum dengan prinsip-prinsip seperti langsung, umum, bebas, rahasia, jujur, dan adil. Di Thailand, sejarah pemilihan umum dimulai setelah revolusi tahun 1932 yang mengakhiri monarki absolut. Meskipun demikian, Thailand mengalami banyak kudeta militer yang mempengaruhi dinamika politiknya, termasuk kudeta pada tahun 2006 dan 2014 yang melibatkan perdebatan antara faksi-faksi politik yang berseberangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif dan perundang-undangan untuk menganalisis sistem penanganan sengketa pemilihan umum di Indonesia, dibandingkan dengan Thailand yang memiliki pendekatan komisi khusus untuk hal serupa. Penyelesaian sengketa pemilihan umum di Indonesia diatur dalam Undang-Undang No. 7 Tahun 2017, dengan badan penyelesaian termasuk Komisi Pemilihan Umum dan Badan Pengawas Pemilihan umum. Di Thailand, Election Commission of Thailand memiliki peran penting dalam menyelesaikan sengketa pemilihan umum sesuai dengan konstitusi. Kedua negara memiliki pendekatan yang berbeda dalam menangani sengketa pemilihan umum, Indonesia melalui badan peradilan seperti Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara dan Mahkamah Agung, sedangkan Thailand melalui Election Commission of Thailand sebagai lembaga non-peradilan yang memiliki kewenangan luas dalam menangani pelanggaran undang-undang pemilihan umum.

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