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Lex Publica
Published by Asosiasi Pimpinan Perguruan Tinggi Hukum Indonesia
ISSN : 23549181     EISSN : 25798855     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58829/lp
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Lex Publica (e-issn 2579-8855; p-issn 2354-9181) is an international, double blind peer reviewed, open access journal, featuring scholarly work which examines critical developments in the substance and process of legal systems throughout the world. Lex Publica published biannually online every June and December by Asosiasi Pimpinan Perguruan Tinggi Hukum Indonesia (APPTHI) and managed by Institute of Social Sciences and Cultural Studies (ISOCU), aims at critically investigating and pursuing academic insights of legal systems, theory, and institutions around the world. Lex Publica encourages legal scholars, analysts, policymakers, legal experts and practitioners to publish their empirical, doctrinal and/or theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Lex Publica publishes research papers, review article, literature reviews, case note, book review, symposia and short communications on a broad range of topical subjects such as civil law, common law, criminal law, international law, environmental law, business law, constitutional law, and numerous human rights-related topics. The journal encourages authors to submit articles that are ranging from 6000-8000 words in length including text, footnotes, and other accompanying material.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022)" : 6 Documents clear
Implementation of Diplomatic Assurance Against Torture: The Way to Reduce the Refugee Crisis in South Asia Chowdhury Nujhat Samanta; Mohammad Belayet Hossain
Lex Publica Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : APPTHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (325.721 KB) | DOI: 10.58829/lp.9.1.2022.1-29

Abstract

States aim to send refugees back to their home countries in order to end the refugee crisis in their nation. Due to the human rights situation in the countries of origin, this can occasionally be problematic; the return involves the prohibition of refoulment and the prevention of torture or other cruel treatment. States are not allowed to use torture, including putting someone in a position where they might be tortured. For a very long time, diplomatic guarantees have been employed as a defense against the death penalty or unfair trials. From that time, states used to rely on guarantees for a returnee’s treatment. The guarantees were protected at the diplomatic level of relations between nations. In this research, subject to legal value, the reliability of diplomatic assurance is measured as well as an assessment has been made about the current state of south Asian nations that have hosted refugees for an extended time. This paper also supports the use of diplomatic assurance as a workable option to alleviate the refugee crisis where developed countries can contribute the best. The findings indicate that there is no specific legal framework to support such assurances in different south Asian developing as well as other developed countries. There is even a lack of research in this regard. South Asian nations could take seven factors into account according to the recommendations of the study. So, it is necessary to implement the recommendations to reach the goal of solving the refugee situation. Abstrak Negara bertujuan untuk mengirim pengungsi kembali ke negara asal mereka untuk mengakhiri krisis pengungsi di negara mereka. Karena situasi hak asasi manusia di negara asal, hal ini terkadang menimbulkan masalah; pengembalian melibatkan larangan refoulment dan pencegahan penyiksaan atau perlakuan kejam lainnya. Negara tidak diperbolehkan menggunakan penyiksaan, termasuk menempatkan seseorang pada posisi di mana mereka mungkin disiksa. Untuk waktu yang sangat lama, jaminan diplomatik digunakan sebagai pembelaan terhadap hukuman mati atau pengadilan yang tidak adil. Sejak saat itu, negara biasanya mengandalkan jaminan untuk perawatan orang yang kembali. Jaminan tersebut dilindungi pada tingkat diplomatik hubungan antar negara. Dalam penelitian ini, tunduk pada nilai hukum, keandalan jaminan diplomatik diukur serta penilaian telah dibuat tentang keadaan negara-negara Asia Selatan saat ini yang telah lama menampung pengungsi. Tulisan ini juga mendukung penggunaan jaminan diplomasi sebagai opsi yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengurangi krisis pengungsi di mana negara maju dapat memberikan kontribusi terbaiknya. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada kerangka hukum khusus untuk mendukung jaminan tersebut di berbagai negara berkembang Asia Selatan serta negara maju lainnya. Bahkan ada kekurangan penelitian dalam hal ini. Negara-negara Asia Selatan dapat mempertimbangkan tujuh faktor sesuai dengan rekomendasi penelitian. Jadi, perlu untuk menerapkan rekomendasi untuk mencapai tujuan penyelesaian situasi pengungsi. Kata kunci: Negara Asia Selatan, Pengungsi, Negara Maju, Jaminan Diplomatik
The Politics of Law of Sharia Economics in Indonesia Hasbi Hasan; Cecep Mustafa
Lex Publica Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : APPTHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (303.292 KB) | DOI: 10.58829/lp.9.1.2022.30-57

Abstract

This study examines the process of institutionalization of sharia principles in the economic field, along with the process of legislation and regulation in the national legal system. The scope of this study will rely on the existence, opportunities, and challenges of actualizing the Islamic economic system from the perspective of Indonesian legal politics. Specifically, this approach is carried out based on the authority of Islamic law and its existence as a source of law in Indonesia’s national legal order, with a sharp level of attention to the dynamics of regulatory policies on sharia economic business activities. Starting from the characteristics of Indonesian political legalism under the umbrella of the 1945 Constitution, which adheres to the concept of “unification and codification in a “unique way,” the study of sharia economics in Indonesian legal politics has also given birth to several knots that are “unique.” Theoretically, the concept of “unification” is a way for national legal politics to shape law in the condition of a pluralistic Indonesian nation. One principle that is used as a theoretical benchmark in this regard is how to carry out the process of legal unification in a pluralistic society that seeks to maintain a process of differentiation in a sustainable manner of sharia economics. Abstrak Penelitian ini menyoroti proses pelembagaan prinsip syariah dalam bidang ekonomi berikut proses legislasi dan regulasinya dalam sistem hukum nasional. Lingkup kajian ini akan bertumpu pada eksistensi, peluang dan tantangan aktualisasi sistem ekonomi syariah dalam perspektif politik hukum Indonesia. Secara spesifik, pendekatan ini dilakukan dengan bertolak pada otoritas hukum Islam dan eksistensinya sebagai sumber hukum dalam tertib hukum nasional Indonesia, dengan tingkat perhatian yang tajam pada dinamika kebijakan regulasi atas kegiatan usaha ekonomi syariah. Bertolak dari karakteristik legalisme politik hukum Indonesia di bawah payung UUD 1945 yang menganut konsep”unifikasi dan kodifikasi secara “unik,” kajian tentang ekonomi syariah dalam politik hukum Indonesia juga telah melahirkan beberapa kata simpul yang bersifat “unik.” Konsep “unifikasi” secara teoritik merupakan satu jalan bagi politik hukum nasional untuk membentuk hukum dalam kondisi bangsa Indonesia yang majemuk. Salah satu prinsip yang dijadikan tolak ukur teoritis dalam hal ini adalah bagaimana melakukan proses penyatuan hukum dalam masyarakat majemuk yang berupaya mempertahankan proses diferensiasi ekonomi syariah secara berkelanjutan. Kata kunci: Politik Hukum, Ekonomi Syariah, Kerangka Hukum, Indonesia
Rethinking Genocidal Intent: An Interpretation under the International Law and the Jurisprudence of International Criminal Tribunals Md. Hasnath Kabir Fahim
Lex Publica Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : APPTHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (252.382 KB) | DOI: 10.58829/lp.9.1.2022.58-78

Abstract

Many criminal lawyers and scholars of criminal law have applied an analytical method to examine the elements of crime, and such elements are comprised of subjective elements (mens rea) and objective elements (actus reus). According to this, a crime is either an act or omission with a psychological bond relating to the physical act of the criminal. Regarding the crime of genocide, its elements are derived from the definition of genocide under the Genocide Convention and the Rome Statute. The Genocide Convention defines genocide as the commission of an act with the intent to destroy, either wholly or partly, a national, racial, ethnical, or religious group. However, the ‘genocidal intent’ or mental element to commit the crime of genocide was not considered in the military trials of Nuremberg and Tokyo. This ‘genocidal intent’ received its very first attention during the trials of two ad hoc international tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. This paper attempts to discuss the definition of genocide under the Genocide Convention and the Rome Statute. This paper, then, focuses on the mental element of genocide and the approach of the international criminal courts during the trial of genocide. Abstrak Banyak ahli hukum pidana dan sarjana hukum pidana telah menerapkan metode analisis untuk mengkaji unsur-unsur kejahatan dan unsur-unsur tersebut terdiri dari unsur subyektif (mens rea) dan unsur obyektif (actus reus). Menurut ini, kejahatan adalah perbuatan atau kelalaian dengan ikatan psikologis yang berkaitan dengan perbuatan fisik pelaku kejahatan. Mengenai kejahatan genosida, unsur-unsurnya diturunkan dari pengertian genosida di bawah Konvensi Genosida dan Statuta Roma. Konvensi Genosida mendefinisikan genosida sebagai tindakan yang bertujuan untuk menghancurkan baik seluruhnya atau sebagian, kelompok bangsa, ras, etnis atau agama. Namun, ‘niat genosida’ atau unsur mental untuk melakukan kejahatan genosida tidak dipertimbangkan dalam pengadilan militer di Nuremberg dan Tokyo. ‘Niat genosida’ ini mendapat perhatian pertama selama persidangan dua pengadilan internasional ad hoc untuk Bekas Yugoslavia dan Rwanda. Tulisan ini mencoba untuk membahas definisi genosida di bawah Konvensi Genosida dan Statuta Roma. Artikel tersebut kemudian berfokus pada unsur mental genosida dan pendekatan pengadilan pidana internasional selama persidangan genosida. Kata kunci: niat genosida, konvensi genosida, kelompok tertentu, hukum pidana internasional, penghancuran
Patriarchy and the Rights of Rape Victims: Law and Practice Udita Barua; Mohammad Belayet Hossain
Lex Publica Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : APPTHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (244.676 KB) | DOI: 10.58829/lp.9.1.2022.79-93

Abstract

Rape is one of the most heinous forms of violence against women around the world. People are getting more civilized and educated but this gruesome crime is increasing in an alarming rate. Moreover, it is the least reported crime in the world and sadly Bangladesh is no exception. This social misdeed is creating a society that disregards women and children’s rights and safety. As an effect, victims are blamed in most cases and rapist get away through the loophole of the law. Thus, there is an unending suffering of victims and their families are humiliated or disgraced in the society. The purpose of this research is to show how the rights of rape victims are protected in Bangladesh. This paper is also going to manifest in what extent those provisions are applicable in a practical way. This study also evaluated various Bangladeshi laws and tried to find out the barriers to execute them. The paper has identified many loopholes in the existing legal system and provided recommendations to stop this despicable social illness. Abstrak Pemerkosaan adalah salah satu bentuk kekerasan paling keji terhadap perempuan di seluruh dunia. Orang-orang menjadi lebih beradab dan berpendidikan tetapi kejahatan mengerikan ini meningkat dengan kecepatan yang mengkhawatirkan. Selain itu, ini adalah kejahatan yang paling sedikit dilaporkan di dunia dan sayangnya Bangladesh tidak terkecuali. Kejahatan sosial ini menciptakan masyarakat yang mengabaikan hak dan keamanan perempuan dan anak-anak. Akibatnya, korban disalahkan dalam banyak kasus dan pemerkosa lolos melalui celah hukum. Dengan demikian, tidak ada habisnya penderitaan para korban dan keluarganya yang direndahkan atau dipermalukan di masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan bagaimana hak-hak korban perkosaan dilindungi di Bangladesh. Makalah ini juga akan memanifestasikan sejauh mana ketentuan tersebut dapat diterapkan secara praktis. Studi ini juga mengevaluasi berbagai undang-undang Bangladesh dan mencoba mencari tahu hambatan untuk mengeksekusinya. Makalah ini telah mengidentifikasi banyak celah dalam sistem hukum yang ada dan memberikan rekomendasi untuk menghentikan penyakit sosial yang tercela ini. Kata kunci: Pemerkosa, pemerkosaan anak, pemerintah, bunuh diri, patriarki
Restorative Justice for Juvenile Drugs Use in Indonesian Court: A Criminological Approach Dina Imam Supaat
Lex Publica Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : APPTHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (208.665 KB) | DOI: 10.58829/lp.9.1.2022.94-110

Abstract

In Indonesia there are still many children who have been sentenced after the enactment of the Law on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System and other regulations. A question arises as to whether there are any obstacles in the application of Supreme CourtRegulation (PERMA) Number 4 of 2014. This paper reviews restorative justice for criminal juvenile drug use users. The method used in this research is a normative juridical approach using a case approach and a statute approach where the research is carried out by examining library materials which are secondary data. The results of the study show that PERMA Number 4 of 2014 regulates diversion against children whose charges are in the form of subsidiary, alternative, cumulative, or combination (combined). One of which is punishable by under 7 (seven) years in prison. Furthermore, PERMA No. 4 of 2014 has not fully provided legal protection for children, especially perpetrators of drug use crimes, so that PERMA needs further regulation in accordance with the provisions to avoid contradictions. Therefore, there is a need for consolidation between law enforcers to formulate legal certainty from the juvenile justice system.
Retirement and Continuation of Employment Relations: Annotation of Supreme Court Circular Letter Number 5 of 2021 Willy Farianto
Lex Publica Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : APPTHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (228.387 KB) | DOI: 10.58829/lp.9.1.2022.111-122

Abstract

Retirement is a time when a worker stops working because he is old or has entered old age. At that time, laws and regulations stipulated that termination of employment could be carried out for the reason that workers were entering retirement age. However, sometimes it is common to find a company still employing retirees, whether they are employees who have retired but are still employed or have had their term of office extended, or who have retired and then been called back to work. For employees who have retired and are re-employed, the company can use a Specific Time Work Agreement (Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu /PKWT) by taking into account the time period and completion of work as stipulated in Article 4 paragraph (1) amended by Article 5 paragraphs (1) and (2) and amended by Article 6 of Government Regulation No. 35 of 2021. In line with the absence of laws and regulations prohibiting employers or companies from re-employing workers who have reached retirement age, the Supreme Court issued a Supreme Court Circular (Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung/SEMA) Number 5 of 2021 concerning Enforcement of the Formulation of the Results of the 2021 Supreme Court Chamber Plenary Meeting as a Guideline for the Implementation of Duties for the Court in which it regulates the rights of workers who retire and then are reemployed.

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