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Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology

AIJST
Website

Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala

ISSN : 20889860 EISSN : 25032348 DOI : http://10.13170/aijst

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences

Aceh International Journal of Science & Technology (AIJST) is published by the Graduate School of Syiah Kuala University (PPs Unsyiah) and the Indonesian Soil Science Association (Himpunan Ilmu Tanah Indonesia, Komda Aceh). It is devoted to identifying, mapping, understanding, and interpreting new trends and patterns in science & technology development, especially within Asian countries as well as other parts of the world. The journal endeavors to highlight science & technology development from different perspectives. The aim is to promote broader dissemination of the results of scholarly endeavors into a broader subject of knowledge and practices and to establish effective communication among academic and research institutions, policymakers, government agencies, and persons concerned with the complex issue of science & technology development. The Journal is a peer-reviewed journal. The acceptance decision is made based upon an independent review process supported by rigorous processes and provides constructive and prompt evaluations of submitted manuscripts, ensuring that only intellectual and scholarly work of the greatest contribution and highest significance is published. The AIJST publishes original conceptual and research papers, review papers, technical reports, case studies, management reports, book reviews, research notes, and commentaries. It will occasionally come out with special issues devoted to important topics concerning science & technology development issues. Scopes Starting in 2016, AIJST has focused on science and engineering aspects, and therefore now AIJST considers the topics but not limited to : Engineering (Mechanical, Chemical, Civil, Transportation) Geology and Geomorphology Environmental Science (Hydrology, Pollution, Water Treatment, Soil Science, Climatology) Physical Oceanography Mathematics Physics and Geophysics Geospatial and Information Technology

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Global dan Perubahan Planet

Articles 9 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 3 (2014): December 2014" : 9 Documents clear

Relationship of Soilborne Mycoflora of Cassava Growing Fields to Incidence of Postharvest Rots of Cassava Tubers in Sokoto, Nigeria Maccido Ibrahim; Kasimu Shehu
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 3, No 3 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

In this study the fungi associated with cassava growing fields in Sokoto were isolated and identified using soil dilution technique. A total of 215 fungal colonies from 9 fungal species were isolated from soil samples of different cassava fields between the month of June and August, 2012. It was observed that soil samples from Lambara recorded the highest number (64) of fungal species followed by Damba and the least number (44) of fungal species was observed in Wamakko.The fungi isolated were Alternaria species, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Cylindrocarpon lichenicola, Fusarium oxysporum, Geotrichum candidum, Mucor hiemalis, Rhizopus orgyzae and Scopulariopsis candida.The highest percentage frequency of occurrence was observed in Aspergillus niger (39.5%) seconded by Fusarium oxysporum (18.2%) and the least was seen in Rhizopus oryzae ( 2.3%). The pathogenicity test indicated that all the fungal isolates were pathogenic on cassava tubers.The fungus M. hiemalis is the most pathogenic followed by F. oxysporum and the least was recorded by R. oryzae. Therefore, it would be concluded that there is relationship between soilborne fungi and incidence of postharvest rots of cassava tubers.

A Preliminary Study on Microbial Contamination of Leafy Vegetables in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria Kasimu Shehu; Asma’u M. Maishanu; Ibrahim A. Salau
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 3, No 3 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

Five leafy vegetables commonly consumed in Sokoto metropolis were evaluated for microbiological quality using standard procedures involving standard plate count (SPC). The vegetables investigated included Lactuaca sativa (Lettuce), Amaranthus hybridus (Spinach), Vernonia amagdalina (Bitter leaf), Brassica oleracea (Cabbage) and Moringa oleifera Lam (Horse radish). Ten fungal species which include Alternaria alternata, Absidia corymbifera, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Cladosporium herbarum, Fusarium oxysporium, Geotrichum candidum, Mucor racemoses, Rhizopus stolonifer and Trichoderma harzianum and four species of bacteria: Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocystogens and Staphyllococus aureus were isolated from the leafy vegetables. The total colony counts of fungi ranged from 1.8 x 106 – 6.28 x 105 (cfu/g) of the vegetables while that of bacteria ranged from 1.0 x 106 to 2.94 x 106 cfu/g of the vegetables. The highest counts of microbial organisms were found on A. hybridus while M. oleifera and B. olerarea had the lowest fungal and bacterial counts respectively. There is a need to reduce the levels of microbial contamination on leafy vegetables through appropriate production practices, careful handling by the vendors and appropriate processing with a view to minimize the risk of human exposure to fungal and bacterial pathogens associated with the vegetables.

Study on Salting out-Steam Distillation Extraction Technology and Antibacterial Activities of Essential Oil from Cumin Seeds Hong Zhang; Qing-Ping Hu
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 3, No 3 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

The effects of different factors on the yield of essential oil from were discussed, and the extraction conditions of essential oil from cumin seeds by salting out-steam distillation technology based on single-factor test and orthogonal experiment, as well as its antibacterial activities on several common food spoilage bacteria were studied in this paper. The results showed that, the impact order of the influence factors was liquid/solid ratio distilling time NaCl concentration, and optimized extraction conditions were as follows, liquid to material ratio 15:1, soaking time 1 h, 4% NaCl, steam distilling time 3 h. The yield of essential oil was up to 4.48% under these conditions. The results of antibacterial activity assays showed that the essential oil from cumin seeds exhibited the different antibacterial activities against some food borne pathogens, especially it presented the best inhibitory effect against Bacillus subtilis with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 6.25 and 12.5 mg/mL respectively, followed by Staphylococcus albus and Staphylococcus aureus, the lowest for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shigella dysenteriae

Preliminary Study on the Effect of Ethylene Diamine- n, n-diacetic Acid on Methane Gas Production Rate from Cow Manure Nwokem N Calvin; Gimba C. Emmanuel; Ndukwe G. Iloegbunam; Ella E. Elijah
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 3, No 3 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

In an effort to improve methane gas production rate from cattle slurry; ethylene diamine- N, N-diacetic acid chelating ligand was introduced into the digester system. Experimental analysis involving the determination of trace metals, pH and methane gas yield, were carried out with the use of the Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and Biogas5000 analyser. The results showed that there was an increase in the pH of the system; the amount of methane gas yield equally increased by 12% and the Hydraulic Retention Time decreased from 50 days to 25 days on addition of ethylene diamine- N, N-diacetic acid chelating ligand. Also, increasing the concentration of the chelating ligand further decreased the HRT of the digester system from 25 days to 19days. Concentration of trace metals like Iron, Cobalt and Nickel within the digester system ranged from 0.001-0.050 mg/L; these metals reacted with ethylene diamine- N, N-diacetic acid chelating ligand to form metal chelates. The metal chelate formed resulted in the catalysis of the hydrolysis stage (which is the rate determining step) of the anaerobic digestion process. Thus, the decrease in HRT was due to the metal chelate catalysis of the hydrolysis stage of the anaerobic digestion process were the metal chelate formation served as the driving force in the solvolysis process.

Effectiveness of the Vietnamese Good Agricultural Practice (VietGAP) on plant growth and quality of Choy Sum (Brassica rapa var. Parachinensis) in Northern Vietnam Tuan M. Ha
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 3, No 3 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

In response to the recent concerns about human health, ecosystem sustainability and thus demands for food safety, production of clean produce, particularly daily-consumed vegetables, is essential. The study was carried out in Thai Nguyen city (northern Vietnam) during August – November 2011 to evaluate impacts of a VietGAP guideline on plant growth and quality of Choy Sum, one of the major vegetables in the research area. The experiment comprised two treatments, a control (local farmers’ conventional practice) and an experimental treatment (plants grown according to the VietGAP guideline). Plant samples of the latter treatment were collected for quality test at the end of the experiment. Results showed that the experimental plants had significant higher growth parameters with regards to leaf areas (7.13 dm2) and average top plant weight (3.33 kg m-2), while those of the control treatment were 5.80 dm2 and 2.77 kg m-2, respectively. Lab test results showed the experimental plant samples met the national quality standards to be certified as a clean product. The participatory on-field experiment would facilitate critical reflections, transformative learning and readiness for adoption of eco-friendly production practices by the local farmers

Serological Survey of Dengue Virus Immunoglobulin M Among Febrile Patients in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria Matthew O. Idoko; Saleh A. Ado; Veronica J. Umoh
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 3, No 3 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

The purposes of this research were to determine the prevalence of dengue virus in the study population, to determine the relationship between the occurrence of dengue virus IgM and potential risk factors and to determine the association between the occurrence of dengue virus and some symptoms. In this study, blood specimen were collected from 340 subjects with febrile complaints attending hospitals in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria and who gave their consent to participate. Serological determination of dengue virus IgM was carried out using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique. Structured questionnaires were also administered to obtain data on demographic, risk factors, and symptoms of illness. A total of 6 subjects were positive for dengue virus IgM giving a prevalence of 1.8%. There was no statistically significant association between the occurrence of dengue virus IgM and potential risk factors, demographic factors and symptoms of the illness. The occurrence of dengue virus in the study population was confirmed.

Production of Alpha Amylase by Bacillus cereus in Submerged Fermentation Helen H. Raplong; Peter O. Odeleye; Chrinius Hammuel; Matthew O. Idoko; Judy I. Asanato; Evelyn H. Odeke
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 3, No 3 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

Microorganisms have the ability to secrete enzymes when they are grown in the presence of certain substrates. Amylases are among the most important industrial enzymes and are of great significance in biotechnological studies. Bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus were isolated using mannitol egg yolk polymyxin B (MYP) agar a highly selective media for Bacillus cereus isolation. The isolates were tested for α-amylase production on nutrient agar supplemented with starch and in submerged fermentation. The bacteria isolated and identified (using the Microgen Bacillus identification kit) were all Bacillus cereus and SB2 had the largest zone of hydrolysis of 12mm on nutrient agar supplemented with starch as well as the highest enzyme activity of 1.62U/ml. Amylase activity of 2.56U/ml was obtained after 24 hours incubation in submerged fermentation. When amylase enzyme production parameters where optimized, maximum amylase activity was obtained at a pH of 6.5, temperature of 350C, incubation time of 24 hours and 4% inoculums concentration. Bacillus cereus SB2 is a potential isolate for alpha-amylase production with soluble starch as the sole carbon source in submerged fermentation.

Runoff Prediction Using an Aggregation Hydrology Model on Seulimum River Sub Watershed, Aceh Province, Indonesia Susi Chairani; T. Ferijal; Ulva Heryanty
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 3, No 3 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

The objective of the present study was to predict the runoff in Seulimeum River sub watershed by utilizing an aggregation hydrology model. The method in this research consisted of field observation, collecting data and map, testing model, and analyzing data. Some parameters were used as the inputs on the model, such as: maximum storage, actual groundwater storage, soil moisture, and the constant of soil moisture k(t). The aggregation hydrology model was tested using 3 (three) statistical parameters, such as; determination coefficient (R2), biased percentage (PBIAS), and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (ENS). The result showed that the minimum runoff occured in 1998 was 70.22 mm and the maximum runoff occurred in 1987 was 759.12 mm. The model testing showed that the aggregation hydrology model had a good performance in predicting the discharge of Krueng Seulimemum Sub Watershed; the R2, P biased, and ENS resulted 0.92, -5.21%, and 0.90, respectively

Prevalence and Antibiogram Pattern of Some Nosocomial Pathogens Isolated from Hospital Environment in Zaria, Nigeria Chrinius Hammuel; Edward D. Jatau; Clement M.Z. Whong
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 3, No 3 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

Many ordinary surfaces and hands of healthcare givers in hospitals are sometimes inadequately decontaminated with routine disinfection techniques. It is necessary to determine the distribution of these pathogens in the hospitals. In this study 160 swab samples were collected from ten different surfaces including nurses’ hand swab, Nurses’ table top, door knob/handle, toilet seat, operation table, sink, stretcher, floor, bedrail, and cupboard. Biochemical tests were used to identify the bacteria. Kirby-Bauer-Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) modified single disc diffusion technique was used to determine the antibiogram profile of the pathogens at 0.5 scale McFarland’s standard (1.5 × 108 cells/ml). The total percentage prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was 50.80%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 28.60% and Escherichia coli 20.60%. Out of 20.60% of E. coli isolates7.7% were found to be E. coli O157:H7. S. aureus isolates were highly resistant to ampcillin and cefoxitin P. aeruginosa and E. coli were resistant to tetracycline. The multiple antibiotic resistance indexes of the pathogens were more than 0.2. Among the isolates, S. aureus showed more multidrug resistance (31.30%) and E. coli had the least multidrug. Frequently touched surfaces within the hospital environment are contaminated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. These pathogens can be transfer from surfaces to patients and to surfaces again through healthcare workers. The widespread use of antimicrobials, especially over- or inappropriate use of antibiotics, has contributed to an increased incidence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms.

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Sugianto

Contact Email
sugianto@usk.ac.id

Phone
+6281360560198

Journal Mail Official
journal.aijst@usk.ac.id

Editorial Address
Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Aceh, Indonesia. Phone: 62-(0)651- 7407659. E-mail: journal.aijst@usk.ac.id

Location
Kab. aceh besar,

Aceh

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Sugianto

Contact Email sugianto@usk.ac.id

Phone +6281360560198

Journal Mail Official journal.aijst@usk.ac.id

Editorial Address Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Aceh, Indonesia. Phone: 62-(0)651- 7407659. E-mail: journal.aijst@usk.ac.id

Location Kab. aceh besar, Aceh INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Sugianto

Contact Email
sugianto@usk.ac.id

Phone
+6281360560198

Journal Mail Official
journal.aijst@usk.ac.id

Editorial Address
Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Aceh, Indonesia. Phone: 62-(0)651- 7407659. E-mail: journal.aijst@usk.ac.id

Location
Kab. aceh besar,

Aceh

INDONESIA