International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education
Focus and Scope of International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education (IJTAESE) is research, study and analysis related to early childhood include: 1. Child development; The topic covers child development especially grade 1-9 for school, emotional development, moral development, intelligence, 2. Cognitive psychology; The topic covers but not limited to short term and long term memory, perception (visual and auditory), working memory, visual memory, auditory memory, attention, local reasoning (inductive and Deductive). 3. Sociology to school learning and teaching; The topic covers but not limited to the social integration of education, socialization, Social Placement, social and cultural innovation. 4. Methodologies of teaching and learning; The topic covers but not limited to the Teaching method in Digital Revolution 4.0, metacognitive teaching method, cooperative teaching method, student center learning, assessment in learning and teaching. 5. Technologies of teaching and learning; The topic covers but not limited to Teaching technology in Digital revolution 4.0, distance and online learning, evaluation of distance learning, the effectivity of distance learning 6. Curriculum review and research; The topic covers but not limited to curriculum and instruction, curriculum development, curriculum evaluation, support element of an effective curriculum. 7. School and community-based management. The topic covers but not limited to school-based management, parent participant on School-based management, school community relation, community development (economical, social and physical). The topic also opens for high-quality studies of teaching and learning processes, school leadership and policy, instructional methods and programs, assessment practices, and advances in learning technologies, especially in elementary and secondary school education. The Editors encourage the submission of a variety of manuscripts: reports of empirical research, including experiments, quasi-experiments, case studies, ethnographies, design research, and surveys; philosophical or historical analyses; integrative literature reviews and theoretical analyses.
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<![CDATA[Survey on Effect of Biology Teacher's Variables (Factors) on Academic Performance of Senior Secondary Schools Students in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria ]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Terbuka ]]>
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DOI: 10.31098/ijtaese.v4i2.1052
<![CDATA[This research is aimed at finding the effect of biology teacher's variables on the academic performance of senior secondary school students in Sokoto metropolis, Nigeria. Five (5) schools were randomly selected as the sample of the study, including 5 Biology teachers and 200 Biology students, to make the sample of 190 respondents. Using a random sampling technique, two structural questionnaires were used as the instruments for data collection. Frequency count and percentage were the methods used in data analysis. Among the findings drawn in this study are: it was observed that the effects of teachers' qualities with respect to their qualification are high, which modify students' academic performance; most teachers in Sokoto state presently are experienced in their teaching, and this modifies students' academic performance; it was observed that the effect of teachers' qualities with respect to subject-matter knowledge is high. This shows that they have good knowledge of the subject matter. It is recommended that there should be a provision of adequate biology teachers, laboratory equipment, and regular teacher training, seminar, and workshops on the use of instructional materials.]]>
<![CDATA[Parental Challenges and the Performance of the Primary Pupils Under Modular Distance Learning Delivery: An Input to Proposed Parental Orientation Guide ]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Terbuka ]]>
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DOI: 10.31098/ijtaese.v4i2.1076
<![CDATA[The study focused on determining the challenges of the parents in modular distance learning in new normal education and developing a parental orientation guide to help the parents in addressing the difficulties they are encountering in the new normal. The sequential explanatory mixed method research was utilized as an approach. There are 388 respondents who were chosen to answer through an online survey questionnaire and selected 10 participants were chosen through purposive sampling by which the participants share common experiences. The findings revealed a significant relationship between parental challenges in terms of instructional, personal, and parental involvement and the performance of the learners. The personal challenges predict singly and in combination with learning in a virtual setting the performance of the learners. There are suggested recommendations based on the results of the study, such as they may be equally prepared to educate their children at home even they are busy with their different schedules, may strengthen the collaborative work between the school and families through parent-teacher meetings, close monitoring, and facilitation that could encourage children to read. The themes that emerged from the testimonies of the participants were clustered into superordinate themes: (1) Why Can’t I Focus on Flexitime, (2) Parental Time Constraints, (3) Driven to Teach, (5) Compelled to Learn, (6) A Unique Child: Mood Setting, (7) The Power of Patience.]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of Jolly Phonics Program towards Strengthening of Language Literacy: Experimental Case in the Philippines ]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Terbuka ]]>
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DOI: 10.31098/ijtaese.v4i2.1077
<![CDATA[The Programme for International Student Assessment result of being the lowest in reading comprehension is the main reason that compelled the researcher to conduct the study with the use of the Jolly Phonics program in strengthening language literacy. In addition, at the Division of Cabuyao, there is an issue regarding reading difficulties among Grades 1 to 3 of selected public elementary schools. Despite many strategies being applied, they still find it difficult to read and comprehend. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effectiveness of the Jolly Phonics program in strengthening language literacy and test the hypotheses that there is no significant relationship between the performance of the two groups considering the results of the post-test in language literacy. There were two groups of participants in the study, the experimental group, who utilized the Jolly phonics program, and the comparison group, who were subjected to the Marungko approach. Each approaches utilized thirty (30) pupils from Grades 1 to 3, combining the sum total of 540 participating pupils for three selected elementary schools. The instrument used was the pretest and post-test validated by experts from the City School Division Office. A quasi-experiment research design guided the conduct of the study. A frequency percentage distribution, t-test for independent means, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were among the statistical tools employed in the study. Findings revealed that there was a significant difference in the performance between and among the participating public elementary schools (ES)for Grades 1 to 3. For instance, in Grade 1, it was noted that the performance of Banay – Banay ES was a bit higher than Butong ES and was considerably higher than that of San Isidro ES; In Grade 2, Banay – Banay ES topped in their reading performance compared to other two elementary schools; and In Grade 3, San Isidro ES at this time showed better performance, running over in reading proficiency the other two elementary schools. The action plan was proposed by the researcher of the study to strengthen the language literacy of the learners in the Division of Cabuyao]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of Localized Reading Activity Sheets in Enhancing the Reading Skills of Grade 1 Learners A Quasi-Experimental Research Design ]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Terbuka ]]>
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DOI: 10.31098/ijtaese.v4i2.1087
<![CDATA[Covid19 pandemic has brought fears, challenges, and great changes to all sectors, not only in the Philippines but the entire world. The most affected sector would be education since the learning must continue despite the pandemic. It is a great challenge to pursue education and deliver a quality one, especially since the strategies to be used are novel, and teachers should be trained well before their implementation. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of localized Reading Materials among Grade 1 learners through a quasi-experimental research design. The two groups of participants serve as the comparison and experimental groups. A match-pairing technique was used to identify the 30 participants for each group. Weighted average mean, standard deviation, t-test, and independent t-test were utilized to analyze the data. Likewise, Cohen's D was used to determine the effect size or the size of the difference between the two test results. The findings revealed that most of the respondents in the experimental group obtained a higher mean score, while the comparison group was on average. The composite mean score and standard deviation obtained in the experimental and comparison group with a mean score and standard in the descriptive interpretation of experimental and comparison were average. The t-value yielded in the comparative analysis of formative scores of the experimental and comparison groups. The formative mean score of the Effect Size of Large implies the large statistical formative mean score of experimental and comparison groups.]]>
<![CDATA[A Mixed Study on the School Head's and Teacher's Self-Efficacy and School Performance: An Input for Policy Enhancement for Social Media Learning in the Philippines during the New Normal ]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Terbuka ]]>
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DOI: 10.31098/ijtaese.v4i2.1088
<![CDATA[The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic created a radical transformation in teaching-learning in schools worldwide. This phenomenon challenged the self-efficacy of teachers and school heads in public schools in the Philippines, specifically on how to apply social media learning, which is a new modality. Through a mixed research method, 232 schoolteachers and 26 school heads participated in answering an adopted modified questionnaire; and ten school personnel participated in answering a researcher-made interview guide. The findings showed that profile variables such as age, sex, educational background, and length of service did not significantly correlate with school performance. In contrast, the challenges associated with self-efficacy in terms of educational management, instructional leadership, moral leadership, and application of social media learning tools were all significantly correlated with school performance. This indicated that self-efficacy improves school performance in both teachers and school heads and is influenced by their positive and healthy attitudes. From the qualitative data, the derived themes have implications with economic conditions, knowledge, and skills on the application of technology, transfer of knowledge to students, maintaining coordination, collaboration, and support from educational stakeholders, curriculum design and adherence with educational standards, imposing disciplinary measures, and compliance with school requirements. Officials in the educational setting should consider upgrading policies on personnel capability and capacity building, enhancing professional development, and equipping them with the application of modern teaching methods. All these concepts were considered in a proposed recommendation to the Department of Education, Philippines, for policy enhancement.]]>
<![CDATA[Leadership Practices, Adversity Quotient, And School-Based Management Practices In The New Normal: A Descriptive-Correlational Approach ]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Terbuka ]]>
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DOI: 10.31098/ijtaese.v4i2.1091
<![CDATA[This study investigated the relationship between the leadership practices, adversity quotient, and school-based management practices in the new normal. It employed a descriptive-correlational design with an online survey as the primary data collection tool. The respondents are 104 school heads and 597 teachers from public elementary schools in the City Schools Divisions of Biñan, Cabuyao, Calamba, and Sta. Rosa. Frequency Count, Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation, and Pearson Product Moment of Correlation were the statistical tools utilized to analyze and interpret the data gathered. The findings revealed that school heads highly practiced the new normal leadership practices in terms of adaptability, decision-making, and planning and implementation as perceived by teachers. For the adversity quotient, teachers indicated below average adversity quotient while the school heads indicated average adversity quotient. The respondents assessed the extent of SBM practices as the presence of evidence indicating practices and procedures satisfying quality standards. Correlation analyses denoted a significant relationship between perceived school heads' leadership practices and assessed SBM practices and between teachers' adversity quotient and assessed SBM practices. Only the control dimension of the adversity quotient of school heads indicated a significant relationship with assessed SBM practices in terms of leadership and governance, accountability and continuous improvement, and management of resources.]]>
<![CDATA[A Phenomenological Studies of Special Education Teachers and Parents Lived Experiences In Upholding Learners With Disability (Lwd) In Transition Program During Pandemic ]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Terbuka ]]>
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DOI: 10.31098/ijtaese.v4i2.1116
<![CDATA[The implementation of a transition program for special education students is hardcore during face-to-face and it became more difficult to implement during distance education. The research aimed to explore the essence of the experiences of Special Education (SPED) teachers and parents under the transition curriculum. This study utilized qualitative design. Particularly, this study employed a phenomenological research design. The participants of this study were eight (8) parents having LWD at home enrolled in the school SY 2021-2022 under Special Education Program and five (5) SPED teachers. The information and replies of the participants were gathered using a semi-structured interview guide. Coding and triangulation were done to analyze and identify the emerging theme. The emerging themes for the teachers lived experiences revealed flexibility and adaptability in times of pandemic, the power of communication, and effective problem-solving strategies. For the parents, the main themes that emerged from their testimonies were the needs for assistance and parent as a manager. The findings also revealed that all problems related to the transition curriculum were addressed and solved by teachers and parents by working with each other. Knowing how parents struggles due to their work and parental roles helped the teachers to understand them and help them build a strong relationship based on trust and understanding. The researcher recommended that the school may intensify the relationship between the teachers and parents by improving communication, collaboration, and cooperation between them. To help the parents more in assisting their kids, parenting techniques, mentoring, and coaching programs may be provided.]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of Home Economics Learning Commons (HELCs) in Enhancing the Academic Performance of Grade 5 Learners: A Quasi-Experimental Research ]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Terbuka ]]>
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DOI: 10.31098/ijtaese.v4i2.1138
<![CDATA[This quasi-experimental research design determined the effectiveness of the Home Economics Learning Commons (HELCs) in improving the academic performance of Grade 5 learners. It utilized the formative, summative, and post-tests as part of the research instruments. Match-pairing technique was used to determine the participants of the study. The said participants were the Grade 5 pupils from five different Cabuyao Elementary Schools. The comparison group consisted of students enrolled in the Online Distance Learning modality, while the experimental group consisted of students enrolled in the Modular Distance Learning modality. Based on the data gathered, it revealed that the mean scores in the formative test were high in both the comparison and experimental groups, while the mean scores in the summative test varied from 54-73% and were interpreted as average to near to mastery; and mean scores in the post-test ranged from 14-18.50%, considered as average to high. There was a substantial difference in the Pre-test and Post-test Mean Scores of the five participating schools' Comparison and Experimental Groups, according to the results of the Paired t-Test. Hence, the study concluded that there is a significant difference between the formative tests' mean scores of the two groups. Likewise, there is a significant difference between the post-test mean scores of the two groups. Lastly, there is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores of each group. As a result, it was established that HELCs have a considerable positive effect on students' academic achievement.]]>
