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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : - EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 1 (2019): April" : 7 Documents clear

Water Use Efficiency in Vertical Cropping System with Volcanic Ash Media by Using Biochar and Urban Waste Compost Fertilizer as Soil Amendement Mulyono Nitisapto; Azwar Maas; Benito Heru Purwanto; Putu Sudira
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Applying volcanic ash as planting media has to cope with several constrains: it quickly became sediment and hardened when exposed to water. One of the efforts to improve its physical condition is by utilizing biochar, which is one of amendment materials that can improve the soil quality. This study used vertical column container made from PVC to enable vertical plant arrangement. Volcanic ash requires additional nutrient intake from organic fertilizer such as urban waste compost. The objective of this study was to identify the proper dose combination of volcanic ash, biochar, urban waste compost fertilizer and column population per m2 to sustain the growth of curly lettuce in vertical cropping system, as well as the water use efficiency. This study was designed by using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Factorial with three factors. The first, second and third factors consisted of Biochar M1, M2 and M3 (25; 33; and 50 %), compost fertilizer doses of K1, K2, and K3 (25; 33; and 50 %), and column density of P1, P2 and P3 (4 columns/m2, 3 columns/m2 and 2 columns/m2), respectively. The total combination was 3 x 3 x 3 and each was repeated 3 times. Resulted data of this study consisted of growth and crops and analyzed by using the Analysis of Variance and continued with the HSD Tukey 5% Test (Honest significant deference). The water use efficiency (g/kg) can be formulated as the production of dry material per total water during the cultivation season (g/kg). Results of this study showed the highest fresh consumption result was obtained from treatment M3K3 in 556 g/column (comparison of volcanic ash, charcoal husk and compost = 25 : 25 : 50 %) and the best water-use efficiency was 2.30 g/kg.

The Effect of Rhizobium japonicum on the Growth of Soybean Cultivars in Coastal Area Okti Purwaningsih; C. Tri Kusumastuti; Y. Sulistyo Nugroho; Casper Yoda Morib
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

The natural resources of the coastal area in Indonesia have the potential to be developed as an agricultural land with the support of both cultivation technology and land processing, which one of them was done by using Rhizobium japonicum bacteria to meet the need of nitrogen in the soybean plants. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of nitrogen fixation in various soybean cultivars planted in the coastal area. The research was conducted in Mancingan, Parangtritis, Kretek, Bantul, DIY. The study was designed in Completely Randomized Design which consisted of two factors and was repeated three times. Factor I was Rhizobium japonicum inoculation (with inoculation and without inoculation); factor II was 10 various cultivars of soybean (Grobogan, Burangrang, Argomulyo, Anjasmara, Dena 1, Gema, Kaba, Wilis, Sinabung, Gepak Kuning). The results showed that the inoculation of Rhizobium japonicum in soybean cultivars in a coastal area could increase the number of root nodule, dry weight of root nodule, dry seed weight per plant, and harvest index. Burangrang cultivar planted in the coastal area was the most responsive to Rhizobium japonicum inoculation among other soybean cultivars tested.

Growth and Yield Characters of Two Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Cultivars at Different Ages in Baubau City, South-East Sulawesi Province Aliyaman Aliyaman; Didik Indradewa
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Baubau City is one of the cashew (Anarcadium occidentale L.) producer area in Southeast Sulawesi with area of 820 ha. This large area of cashew cultivation was not compensated with the productivity caused of low production. An effort to overcome this problem is identifying the growth and yield characters of cashew to apply the good agricultural practices for cashew plantation. The objective of this research was to determine the growth and yield of two cashew varieties at different tree ages; and to identify the relationship between the characters and the productivity of cashew trees in Baubau City. This research was arranged by oversite design with 2 varieties (the cashew with red pseudo-fruit and the cashew with yellow pseudo-fruit), 4 ages of cashew plant (5 years old, 17 years old, 26 years old, 37 years old) and 5 replications. The results showed that both varieties had no significantly different on growth and yield characters. At 37 years old, cashew trees still demonstrated the increasing of the productivity due to the increasing of growth and yield component i.e. plant biomass, the number of flower, the number of cashew nut per plant and cashew nut weight per kernel.

CIE L*a*b* Color Space Based Vegetation Indices Derived from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Captured Images for Chlorophyll and Nitrogen Content Estimation of Tea (Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze) Leaves Wahono Wahono; Didik Indradewa; Bambang Hendro Sunarminto; Eko Haryono; Djoko Prajitno
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

A lot of digital image techniques to assess crop agronomic character have been developed. Most of those techniques are based on non-visible light equiped cameras, such as infared wavelengths. This research was aimed to examine the use of commercial digital camera with sensor range in visible light spectrum using CIE L*a*b* color space to estimate chlorophyll and nitrogen content of tea leaf. Data was collected from an experiment of nitrogen dossage levels on 3 years after prunning tea crops. The result shows that Lb* Difference Simple Index (LI), a*b* Difference Simple Index (AI), and a* Vegetation Index (VIA) can be used to estimate tea leaf chlorophyll and nitrogen content. The relationship between VIA and tea leaf nitrogen content was defined on linear equation y = 1.8382x2 - 0.3099x + 3.0658 with determinant coefficient R² = 0.71.

Pedogenesis of Mt. Sumbing Volcanic Ash above The Alteration Clay Layer in The Formation of Landslide Susceptible Soils in Bompon Sub-Watershed Waode Asryanti Wida; Azwar Maas; Junun Sartohadi
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Numerous researches on landslides have been carried out by many researches. However, studies on soil physical properties related to landslides potential in volcanic area are still rare. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of soil physical properties on landslides potential. To collect the soil sample, sampling area method was applied. The soil type used in this study was the residual soil. The values of clay liquid limit, plasticity limit, plasticity index, water content, COLE index were used to measure the physical properties of the soil. Organic material was used as the supporting data. The results showed that the soil in the command area showed high value of clay which exceeded 50%. Such high level conditions in each profile affect the liquid limit; plasticity limit, plasticity index, water content, COLE index and organic material. Based on the results, it can be concluded that residual soils with significantly high clay values illustrated the risk of landslide fields formation in Bompon sub-watershed. The clay soil layer was the controlled factor of soil movement.

The Contribution of Calcium to Changes in Leaf Anatomical Character of Oil Palm Seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) under Drought Stress Novi Yulanda Sari; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

The research was purposed (1) to know the effects of drought stress on changes in leaf anatomical character of oil palm seedlings (2) to know the contribution of calcium in cell compactness and increase the structural strength of leaf tissue so that oil palm seedlings were more tolerant to drought stress. This experiment was laid out following a split plot design with three blocks as replication. Main plot consists of drought stress levels, that are field capacity (FTSW 1.00), moderate drought stress (FTSW 0.35) and severe drought stress (FTSW 0.15). The fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) is a method for evaluating gradually increasing drought stress based on the amount of water loss due to transpiration. Meanwhile, subplot consists of four doses of calcium (Ca), that are of 0.0 g/seedlings, 0.04 g/seedlings, 0.08 g/seedlings, and 0.12 g/seedlings. Calcium fertilizer used is calcium sulfate (CaSO4) pure analysis. Leaf anatomical character was observed including the epidermal length and epidermal width; hypodermal length and hypodermal width; palisade cell length and palisade cell width; sponge cell length and sponge cell width; mesophyll tissue thickness; xylem and phloem diameter. The results showed that moderate and severe drought stress reduced epidermal cell length, upper hypodermal cell width, mesophyll thickness, palisade width and phloem diameter of leaf vessels. The applications of calcium to the leaf of oil palm seedlings under drought stresses were able to increased in the sponge cell length at a Ca dosage of 0.04 g/seedlings; increased lower hypodermal width and diameter phloem at a Ca dosage of 0.04 g/seedlings; and increased diameter xylem of leaves vessel at a Ca dosage of 0.12 g/seedlings.

Compatibility Between Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) and Neem Extract against Brown Plant-Hopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) Nova Laili Wisuda; Tri Harjaka; Indah Dwi Prasetyaningrum
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Beauveria bassiana fungi and neem extract as botanical insecticide can be combined to get the synergizing effect to control brown planthopper (BPH). This study was conducted to determine the best combination between the spore density of B. bassiana and concentration of neem extract to control BPH effectively. The two factorial treatment consisted concentration of B. bassiana (106 Colony Forming Unit (CFU) and 107 CFU) and concentration of neem extract (5%, 10%, 15%), and control. The treatments were assigned in Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD at 5%. The test was conducted in vitro and bio assay of testing insects, BPH, was conducted using dipping method. B. bassiana was suitable with neem extract with T value ranged from 78.58- 90.38. The mortality of BPH occurred on day 5 after application. The highest mortality (91.67%) occurred on the treatment with B. bassiana 107 CFU + neem extract 10%. The shortest LT50 was found at the treatment of B. bassiana 106 CFU+ neem extract 15% (2.74 days) but not significantly different from B. bassiana 107 CFU + neem extract 15% (2.76 days). B. bassiana spores combined with neem extract are assumed to speed up the mortality of BPH by increasing the concentration.

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