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International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Published by Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy
ISSN : 22524940     EISSN : 27164519     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61435/ijred.xxx.xxx
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering
The International Journal of Renewable Energy Development - (Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.; p-ISSN: 2252-4940; e-ISSN:2716-4519) is an open access and peer-reviewed journal co-published by Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE) that aims to promote renewable energy researches and developments, and it provides a link between scientists, engineers, economist, societies and other practitioners. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development is currently being indexed in Scopus database and has a listing and ranking in the SJR (SCImago Journal and Country Rank), ESCI (Clarivate Analytics), CNKI Scholar as well as accredited in SINTA 1 (First grade category journal) by The Directorate General of Higher Education, The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology, The Republic of Indonesia under a decree No 200/M/KPT/2020. The scope of journal encompasses: Photovoltaic technology, Solar thermal applications, Biomass and Bioenergy, Wind energy technology, Material science and technology, Low energy architecture, Geothermal energy, Wave and tidal energy, Hydro power, Hydrogen production technology, Energy policy, Socio-economic on energy, Energy efficiency, planning and management, Life cycle assessment. The journal also welcomes papers on other related topics provided that such topics are within the context of the broader multi-disciplinary scope of developments of renewable energy.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Energi Terbarukan, Keberlanjutan dan Lingkungan
Articles 18 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025" : 18 Documents clear
Harnessing renewable energy and technological innovation to alleviate energy poverty in least developed countries: A pathway toward low-carbon and sustainable development Hossain, Ramisa Rutbata; Qamruzzaman, Md; Mindia, Piana Monsur
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.61274

Abstract

Energy poverty remains a critical developmental challenge in Least Developed Countries (LDCs). However, existing literature tends to examine renewable energy, technological innovation, and carbon emissions separately, often overlooking their interconnected impact on energy poverty. Addressing this significant research gap, the present study investigates the combined roles of renewable energy consumption (REC), technological innovation (TI), and CO₂ emissions in alleviating energy poverty in LDCs from 2000 to 2020. Specifically, the study explores: (1) how renewable energy consumption influences energy poverty reduction; (2) the extent to which technological innovation improves energy accessibility and affordability; and (3) the impact of carbon emissions on pathways to reducing energy poverty. Utilizing advanced econometric methods on an extensive panel dataset, the findings reveal that a 10% increase in REC reduces energy poverty by approximately 0.814% to 1.105%, underscoring renewable energy’s vital role in providing sustainable and affordable energy access. Similarly, technological innovation significantly mitigates energy poverty; a 10% improvement in TI results in a 1.215% to 1.564% decrease in energy deprivation, highlighting innovation’s potential to overcome infrastructural barriers in energy delivery. Furthermore, a 10% reduction in CO₂ emissions correlates with a 0.914% to 1.399% decline in energy poverty, reinforcing that low-carbon strategies effectively promote both environmental sustainability and equitable energy access. This study uniquely integrates these factors, offering novel empirical insights into their collective influence on energy poverty in low-income contexts—an area previously underexplored. The findings emphasize the urgent need for coordinated policy frameworks and targeted investments in renewable energy infrastructure and technological innovation. Such integrated strategies are essential to simultaneously address energy poverty and environmental challenges, fostering sustainable, low-carbon growth trajectories aligned with the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Bio-briquettes from tea fluff biochar: a response surface methodology study on particle size, resin gum-adhesive, and used cooking oil immersion time Suryajaya, Suryajaya; Agustian, Egi; Haryanti, Ninis Hadi; Prasetia, Hafiizh; Rahmah, Siti; Kurniawan, Hendris Hendarsyah; Wianto, Totok; Ramadhoni, Benni F; Manik, Tetti Novalina; Annisa, Nova; Rezamela, Erdiansyah; Sulaswatty, Anny
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.60877

Abstract

Fluff tea is the residual solid waste generated in the green tea industry and holds the potential for development as a solid fuel in bio-briquettes. This study transformed fluff tea into bio-briquettes utilizing biochar produced through slow pyrolysis. The study aimed to optimize bio-briquettes production from fluff tea using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach through proximate analysis. The cylindrical bio-briquettes were produced using biochar particle sizes of 850, 500, and 150 μm, resin gum adhesive concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20%, and immersion times in cooking oil of 0, 3, and 6 minutes. The results showed that the overall response by the p-value was <0.05, and the lack of fit was insignificant (p-value >0.05). The findings indicated that the calorific value of tea fluff rose from 4,482.56 cal/g to 6,374.98 cal/g after conversion to biochar. The optimum conditions for producing tea fluff bio-briquettes were a particle size of 850 μm, adhesive concentration of 11%, and immersion time of 5 minutes. The bio-briquettes exhibited a moisture content of 3.53%, ash content of 5.65%, volatile matter of 14.75%, fixed carbon of 76.14%, calorific value of 7,796.37 cal/g, combustion rate of 0.11 g/min, density of 1.22 g/cm3, and compressive strength of 35.57 N/cm2. Most tea fluff briquettes' properties had met Indonesia's briquettes standard. The production of bio-briquettes from tea fluff waste is a viable alternative fuel for both industrial and domestic applications.
Experimental investigation of the cooling effect in an autonomous-orienting conventional solar still Maliani, Oussama Drissi; Guissi, Khalid; Errais, Reda; Baali, El Houssain; El Fellah, Younes
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.60704

Abstract

This study aims to assess the cooling effect of the condensing glass cover in a high-temperature conventional solar still (CSS) that dynamically operates, continuously changing its orientation to track the sun from sunrise to sunset. The solar distiller was integrated with a 2-axis solar tracking system assisted by a parabolic trough concentrator (PTC). Throughout the day, the CSS adjusts its orientation while the PTC maintains constant focus on the absorber at the bottom of the still, thereby enhancing the evaporation processes. Simultaneously, the planned cooling processes of the top glass cover are in operation. The impact of two different cooling techniques was investigated. The first one consisted of flowing cooling water over the condensing glass of the PTC-CSS, while the second technique aimed to submerge the entire condensing cover using a modified basin. The analysis revealed positive impact regarding the CSS performance with condensing surface cooling compared to the tubular solar still (TSS). Flowing water had a limited effect on reducing the glass cover's temperature, resulting in only a 2°C decrease. Nonetheless, this yielded 4050 ml/day, marking a 12.16% increase. The second technique widened the water–glass temperature difference, leading to an improvement in productivity up to 6120 ml/day, which is 69.48% higher than that achieved with no cooling. Overall efficiency of the device can be assessed as moderate to low, owing to the high temperature of the condensing cover that continues to be the most significant constraint for the CSS associated with PTC.
Optimal hydropower potential assessment in semi-arid regions El Kasimi, Imane; Hasnaoui, Moulay Driss; Khomsi, Driss; Bouziane, Ahmed; Aboulhassane, Amal
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.60831

Abstract

While hydropower is a cornerstone of global renewable energy strategies, its development in semi-arid regions remains insufficiently explored. Limited and highly variable water availability often discourages comprehensive assessments of its potential. In particular, run-of-river hydropower, despite its environmental and economic advantages, remains largely underexplored in these contexts due to its sensitivity to flow variability. This study evaluates the theoretical hydropower potential of run-of-river schemes within the semi-arid Grou watershed, a major tributary of the Bouregreg river in Morocco, with a focus on optimizing energy production under dry hydrological conditions. Hydrological modeling was applied using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), enabling the generation of flow-duration curves across the river network. These curves were then used to develop energy-duration curves, allowing for the identification of multiple optimal design flows. Consequently, instead of relying on a single turbine, the study explores the deployment of modular turbines per plant, each tailored to specific flow regimes, thereby expanding the range of exploitable run-of-river hydropower. Results indicate an untapped hydropower potential of approximately 32.4 MW per meter of head, with outputs of 31.5 MW, 783.3 kW, and 98.9 kW for high, moderate, and low flows, respectively. These findings highlight the feasibility of run-of-river hydropower in semi-arid regions and underscore the importance of adaptive turbine systems in enhancing sustainable energy production, specifically in water-scarce environments such as Morocco.
Synergistic co-pyrolysis of Gracilaria waste and waste tires: Enhancing bio-oil quality through thermal and chemical bond optimization Masfuri, Imron; Mohamad, Shaza Eva; Sugeng, Dhani Avianto; Amdrullah, Apip; Yahya, Wira Jazair
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.61202

Abstract

The increasing demand for renewable energy and sustainable waste management has prompted research into innovative conversion technologies. This study explored the co-pyrolysis of Gracilaria waste (GW) and waste tires (WT) as a potential approach to improving bio-oil quality by enhancing its hydrocarbon content and reducing oxygenated compounds. The novelty of this study lay in providing new mechanistic insights into the co-pyrolysis process by systematically analyzing the thermal degradation behavior and chemical bond evolution of GW-WT mixtures using a combination of TGA, FTIR, and GC-MS techniques. This detailed chemical transformation analysis differentiated the study from prior research that primarily focused on product yields. The study analyzed the thermal degradation behavior and chemical bond transformation of GW and WT mixtures during pyrolysis, hypothesizing that the addition of WT to GW would enhance the hydrocarbon profile and thermal stability of the resulting bio-oil. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to evaluate the decomposition behavior of five different GW-WT blend ratios under an inert atmosphere, while Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrosco py (FTIR) was used to assess chemical functional group evolution in both raw materials and pyrolytic products. The results revealed that GW pyrolysis exhibited a single weight loss peak (100–350°C) with a total weight loss of 40%, while WT pyrolysis followed a two-stage decomposition process (200–500°C) with a total weight loss of 65%. The GW-WT mixture resulted in a total weight loss of approximately 60%, indicating a synergistic effect between the two feedstocks. FTIR analysis confirmed a reduction in hydroxyl (-OH) groups and an increase in hydrocarbon-related bonds (C=C, C-C, and C-H), demonstrating improved bio-oil composition. These findings suggested that incorporating waste tires into Gracilaria pyrolysis enhanced bio-oil quality and hydrocarbon content, offering a promising approach for biomass valorization and sustainable energy production. Future research should explore process optimization through catalyst integration and scale-up potential for industrial applications.
How do economic freedom, trade freedom, and digitization influence renewable energy consumption in G20 nations: What is the role of innovation? Qamruzzaman, Md
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.61147

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between economic freedom, trade freedom, digitalization, and innovation on renewable energy consumption among G20 nations over the period 2000–2023. Utilizing a robust empirical framework—including Dynamic Common Correlated Effects (DCCE), Instrumental Variable-adjusted DCCE (DCCE-IV), and Dynamic Seemingly Unrelated Regression (DSUR)—the analysis reveals nuanced insights into how these economic and technological dimensions shape the transition toward sustainable energy systems. Results demonstrate that a 10% rise in economic freedom correlates with a 1.112%–1.688% increase in renewable energy consumption, while trade freedom yields a positive impact ranging from 0.904% to 1.182%. Technological innovation contributes between 0.915% and 1.571%, and environmental innovation exerts an even stronger effect, ranging from 1.273% to 1.616%. Interestingly, despite the energy intensity associated with digital technologies, digitalization also supports renewable energy adoption, showing a positive influence between 1.013% and 1.526%. These findings underscore innovation's pivotal role in mediating the effects of economic policy and digital transformation on renewable energy usage. The study advocates for integrated policy approaches that simultaneously promote market liberalization, digital infrastructure, and innovation investment. This would accelerate the transition to renewable energy and help G20 nations meet Sustainable Development Goal 7 (affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all). The results emphasize the need for synergistic strategies that connect economic openness, technological advancement, and environmental priorities, offering a roadmap for policymakers seeking to enhance clean energy deployment in large, high-impact economies.
A new energy frequency adjustment model based on adaptive power control optimization algorithm for photovoltaic power generation systems Zhou, Han; Zhang, Congtong; Yang, Haoqin
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.61125

Abstract

With the low-carbon transformation of the global energy structure, photovoltaic power generation, as one of the renewable energy sources, continues to expand its installed capacity and grid connection scale. However, traditional photovoltaic power generation systems mainly use constant power output algorithms, which make it difficult to effectively handle complex situations such as sudden load changes or power shortages during dynamic adjustment, and can easily cause frequency exceeding standards or even system instability. Therefore, this paper proposes a new energy frequency adjustment model based on Newton's quadratic interpolation method. Firstly, this study constructs a new energy frequency regulation model for the adaptive power control optimization algorithm of photovoltaic power generation systems and then conducts a detailed analysis of the model. The results showed that when load 2 was cut off, the highest frequency of the research model could reach 52.50 Hz, while the highest frequency value of the traditional frequency regulation model was only 48.46 Hz. This indicated that the research model had better frequency regulation performance when dealing with large load fluctuations. In the photovoltaic power generation system, when there was a power deficit, the output power of the new energy frequency regulation model based on the adaptive power control optimization algorithm was reduced by 0.032 MW. The output power of the traditional rated regulation model was reduced by 0.029 MW. Overall, the frequency regulation performance and stability of the system were improved. It is of great significance to solve the challenges faced by photovoltaic power generation systems.
Optimization of ultrasonication time on the production of ZnO-SiO2 nanocomposite as photocatalytic material Qomariyah, Lailatul; Faizah, Nurul; Karisma, Achmad Dwitama; Rabbani, Sulthan; Kalloka, Sultan Hendra Mahardi; Putra, Nicky Rahmana
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.61248

Abstract

Nanocomposite ZnO-SiO2 is widely known for its efficacy as a semiconductor photocatalyst. Current nanocomposite production methods face challenges like particle agglomeration and inconsistent particle size control. To overcome this problem, the ultrasonication method was used to prevent agglomeration and produce composites in nanoscale, where this study synthesized ZnO-SiO2 for photocatalytic degradation of dye color. To prepare this nanocomposite, the ultrasonication time was varied from 0 to 45 minutes to understand the particle properties and the effectivity on the photocatalytic activity. Silica was prepared from water glass via sol-gel method to produce colloidal SiO2 nanoparticles and then mixed with ZnO with the ratio of 3% wt and subjected to ultrasonication method. Under various ultrasonication time, the FTIR analysis shows the Si-O peak at 895 cm-1 indicates the presence of SiO2 particles. The XRD validate the formation of ZnO-SiO2 nanoparticles, supporting the FTIR analysis. The best nanoparticle properties were achieved with 45 minutes of ultrasonication. The SEM analysis confirms the present of SiO2 and ZnO. From BET analysis, ZnO-SiO2 has a high surface area (117.64 m2/g), moderate pore volume (0.46 cm3/g), and small particle pore size (11.59 nm). The photocatalytic activity of ZnO-SiO₂ nanocomposites was evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under sunlight and the best performance reached by the nanocomposite prepared under 45 minutes ultrasonication. The results show that the ultrasonication technique efficiently reduces agglomeration, as indicated by a reduction in particle diameter from 35.04 nm (pure ZnO) to 11.59 nm (ZnO-SiO₂), and significantly enhances photocatalytic activity, achieving 97% degradation of MB under sunlight after 180 minutes. The aforementioned technique demonstrates significant potential for industrial use, providing higher efficiency and expandability in manufacturing superior photocatalytic substances.
Morphological and thermal stability analysis of Sn/C electrodes synthesized through impregnation and precipitation methods for CO2 electroreduction Eviani, Mitra; Prakoso, Tirto; Kusdiana, Dadan; Widiatmoko, Pramujo; Devianto, Hary
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.61280

Abstract

This study investigates tin (Sn) based electrodes supported by graphite for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (ECO2R) to formic acid, comparing precipitation and impregnation synthesis methods. Electrodes were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Chronoamperometry, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The precipitation method yielded higher Sn content (91.22%) and superior thermal stability (3% mass loss at 1000°C vs. 45% for impregnation). Morphological analysis through SEM revealed precipitation-synthesized electrodes exhibited more uniform Sn particle distribution across the graphite surface, while impregnation resulted in larger Sn agglomerates with less homogeneous coverage, significantly influencing electroactive surface area and catalytic performance. The electrochemical performance of electrodes was tested using H-cell. CV showed decreased cathodic current for Sn/C electrodes compared to pure graphite in CO2-saturated electrolyte, while chronoamperometry indicated slightly better sustained performance for precipitation-synthesized electrodes with stabilized current densities after 3 hours of operation. EIS analysis suggested the precipitation method yields a marginally lower ohmic resistance (28.8 Ω vs. 29.8 Ω), resulting in a more favorable electrode structure for overall catalytic activity. Both methods showed lower ohmic resistance than that of pure graphite (38.1 Ω), the precipitation-synthesized Sn/C electrode emerged as the preferred selection for ECO2R to formic acid, balancing high Sn content, thermal stability, superior durability, and better Faradaic efficiency. The observed performance differences were attributed to distinct metal-support interactions formed during synthesis, with precipitation creating stronger metal-carbon bonds that enhance stability but potentially limit certain active sites necessary for optimal CO2 reduction kinetics. This comprehensive characterization revealed that the precipitation-synthesized electrode offers the most promising foundation for further development, potentially through process optimization, hybrid synthesis approaches, or targeted doping strategies to enhance catalytic activity while maintaining the advantageous stability characteristics.
Advanced one-dimensional heterogeneous model for high temperature water gas shift membrane reactors El Bazi, Wail; El-Abidi, Abderrahim; Yadir, Said; Messnaoui, Brahim
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.61222

Abstract

To predict the behavior of small-scale WGS membrane reactors, a new model based on the 1D heterogeneous approach was developed. Unlike most studies, which rely on 1D pseudo-homogeneous models—typically limited to reactors filled with small catalyst particles which are prone to misestimating catalytic effectiveness when larger catalyst grains are used in which mass transfer resistance is usually considered only within the dense membrane layer which a valid assumption only when this layer is thick, the proposed model adapts to a wide range of catalyst sizes and geometries and also accounts for resistance in the porous stainless steel support of the membrane. This makes it suitable when the dense layer is thin.Comparison with experimental data under various conditions validated the model’s ability to predict the behavior of reactors packed with large catalyst particles (Vgrain ≈ 169 mm³). Therefore, the developed 1D heterogeneous model accurately predicts membrane reactor behavior without resorting to more complex 2D models. Simulations highlighted the significant influence of particle geometry on the catalyst effectiveness factor throughout the reactor, while its impact on carbon monoxide conversion, hydrogen partial pressure, and the temperature profile is especially pronounced near the reactor inlet. Additionally, results showed that sweep gas use accelerates the reaction and aids hydrogen permeation. Finally, CO conversion in the membrane reactor reached 1.3 times that of a conventional fixed-bed reactor.

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