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Acta Law Journal
Published by TALENTA PUBLISHER
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29642264     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32734/alj.v1i1.9829
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Acta Law Journal does not exclusively publish articles relating to Notarial Law, but also publish articles on other various fields of law, which include but not limited to Business Law, Company Law, Tax Law, Civil Law, Administrative Law, Customary Law.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 4 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): December 2025" : 4 Documents clear
Insurance Company's Responsibility for Bank Loan Installment Payments in the Event of Debtor's Death (Study of Court Decision Number 613/Pdt.G/2023/PN Smg) Sitorus, Dinda Rizka Molina; Purba , Hasim; Harianto, Dedi
Acta Law Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/alj.v4i1.23307

Abstract

Credit agreements between banks and debtors are generally supplemented with credit life insurance to minimize the risk of default due to the death of the debtor. In practice, if the debtor dies, the insurance company is obliged to pay the remaining credit to the bank in accordance with the provisions in the policy. However, in Court Decision Number 613/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Smg, a legal problem was found where the insurance company and the bank did not fulfill their obligations to pay life insurance claims to the debtor's heirs. The issues in this study include how the insurance company's responsibility is regulated in relation to the debtor's life insurance claim and how the judge's considerations and decisions relate to the rejection of claim payments. The research method used in this study is normative, descriptive legal research with a legislative approach and a case study of court decisions, using secondary data with primary and secondary legal materials. The data collection method was conducted through literature study and deductive conclusions were drawn. The results of the study show that the regulation of the insurance company's responsibility in paying debtor life insurance claims as collateral for bank loan repayment is based on Article 246 of the Commercial Code concerning risk transfer agreements with premium payments, as well as Articles 1320 and 1338 of the Civil Code concerning the valid terms of an agreement and the obligation to implement it in good faith. Based on Court Decision Number 613/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Smg, unilateral termination of insurance cooperation without notification to the debtor violates Article 1338 Paragraphs (1) and (3) of the Civil Code. The judge ruled that the rejection of claims was contrary to the legal basis, so that the insurance company was still obliged to pay off the debtor's remaining credit to the bank. Thus, this decision reinforces the principle of pacta sunt servanda (agreements must be fulfilled) and provides legal certainty for debtors and heirs in legal relationships related to credit life insurance.
Interim Election as a Transitional Electoral Design in Indonesia Yulida, Devi; Rini Anggreini
Acta Law Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/alj.v4i1.23554

Abstract

The General Election serves as the primary means for citizens to carry out their sovereignty within Indonesias democratic framework. The Constitutional Court Decision Number 135/PUU-XXII/2024 introduced a major transformation by separating the National Election from the Regional Election, which had previously been conducted simultaneously. This separation aims to improve the quality of democracy and enhance electoral efficiency but simultaneously presents new challenges, notably the potential vacancy of Regional Representatives (DPRD) and regional heads during the 2029–2031 transition period due to differing electoral cycles. This study employs a normative juridical method with legislative and conceptual approaches to analyze the legal implications of the Court’s decision and to propose a constitutional solution through the concept of an Interim Election. The findings indicate that the Interim Election offers a legitimate and democratic mechanism to preserve the authority of representative institutions without extending their terms unconstitutionally. It applies only to DPRD members at the provincial and local levels, while regional head vacancies may be filled by acting officials in accordance with existing regulations. Therefore, the Interim Election provides a constitutional pathway to maintain governmental continuity, uphold the principle of periodic power limitation, and reinforce popular sovereignty in the aftermath of Constitutional Court Decision Number 135/PUU-XXII/2024.
Overlapping Authority In Judicial Oversight Komisi Yudisial V. Badan Pengawas Mahkamah Agung Jesica, Kenny
Acta Law Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/alj.v4i1.23841

Abstract

Judicial oversight is a crucial element in maintaining the integrity and accountability of the judiciary in a state based on the rule of law. In Indonesia, this oversight function is carried out by two institutions namely Komisi Yudisial and Badan Pengawas Mahkamah Agung. However, their authority often overlaps, which not only gives rise to jurisdictional conflicts but also leads to institutional inefficiency and legal uncertainty. This study aims to analyze the authority of each institution based on laws and institutional practices, and to evaluate its impact on the effectiveness of the judicial oversight system. Using a normative and descriptive-analytical approach, this study finds that the unclear division of authority between Komisi Yudisial and Badan Pengawas Mahkamah Agung has hampered the oversight function, created waste of resources, and weakened public trust in the judiciary. This study recommends the need for inter-institutional harmonization of regulations or even restructuring of the judicial oversight institution to create a more efficient, integrated system that ensures legal certainty without sacrificing judicial independence.
Inviolability Under Fire: The 2024 Israeli Attack On Iranian Consular Premises And Syria’s State Responsibility Under Diplomatic Law Galio, Galio Parly Keliat; Sutiarnoto; Fajar Khaify Rizky
Acta Law Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/alj.v4i1.23613

Abstract

The attack on Iran’s consular premises in Damascus underscores significant legal challenges concerning the special duty of the receiving State to protect foreign representations. In international law, the protection of diplomatic and consular missions is a fundamental obligation of the receiving State, as regulated under the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations and the 1963 Vienna Convention on Consular Relations. This research aims to analyze the obligations of Syria, as the receiving State, in protecting the consular premises of Iran in Damascus from third-party attacks based on diplomatic law. This research employs a normative legal research method with a descriptive approach, utilizing an analysis of international legal instruments, legal doctrines, and relevant State practices. The results indicate that Syria, as the receiving State, failed to fulfill its obligation to take all appropriate steps to protect the inviolability of the consular premises and the safety of consular officers. Such failure constitutes a breach of the protective obligations stipulated in Article 22 paragraph (2) of the 1961 Vienna Convention and Article 31 paragraph (3) of the 1963 Vienna Convention, specifically regarding the receiving State's duty to prevent any form of attack, damage, or disturbance of the peace of the consular mission. This research provides an academic contribution by strengthening the understanding of the nature of the receiving State's obligations in the context of consular protection as an obligation of conduct, as well as a practical contribution in affirming the standards of State responsibility within the context of modern armed conflict under diplomatic law.

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