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Hardyanto Soebono
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30323134     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/inajbcs.v56i01.11961
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences (InaJBCS) aims to promote the translational of basic research into clinical studies and of clinical evidence into practice. InaJBCS publishes studies that substantially enhance our standing of disease etiology and physiology; the development of prognostic and diagnostic technologies; trials that test the efficacy of specific interventions and those that compare different treatments. InaJBCS invites authors to submit articles in the fields of biomedical sciences including biomedical genetics, bioinformatics, cardiovascular medicine, endocrinology, gastroenterology, geriatrics, infectious diseases, medical oncology, physiology, pharmacology and toxicology, and phytomedicine medicine.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "vol 58 no 2 (2026)" : 7 Documents clear
Trained immunity in tuberculosis infection: a systematic review Salma Rasiani; Beti Ernawati Dewi; Febriana Catur Iswanti
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i2.26150

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is considered a major contributor to death resulting from pathogenic bacteria; specifically, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) spreads through droplets from individuals with active TB. Both the innate and adaptive immune systems collaborate to control the infection, with innate immunity potentially playing a role in eliminating Mtb. Vaccination, early diagnosis, and treatment can reduce the severity of the infection, but new strategies are still needed to address TB. Research suggests that trained immunity may assist in combating pathogens, including Mtb, and could open new opportunities for treatment. A systematic review was conducted following the eight-step Cochrane methodology and adhering to PRISMA guidelines. An initial automated search identified 157 articles published between 2020 and 2025. Following duplicate removal and evaluation of titles and abstracts, 92 articles remained. After further screening, 52 articles were excluded, and 40 articles were identified for in-depth review. As a result, 8 publications satisfied all eligibility standards and were incorporated into the systematic review. Vaccines (e.g., BCG and TB-MAPS) and adjuvants (e.g., β-glucan) exploit trained immunity to enhance protection. BCG reprograms hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) via chromatin remodeling, inducing long-term functional alterations in neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages through epigenetic modifications (e.g., H3K4me3). TB-MAPS generated strong, long-lasting T cell and antibody responses and protected against Mtb infection in both lungs and spleen, matching BCG efficacy. When combined with BCG, it showed synergistic effects, further lowering lung bacterial load. Protection relied partly on IL-12p40 signaling, with IFN-γ and IL-17A pathways driving systemic and lung immunity. β-glucan operates via IL-1 signaling, epigenetically upregulating IL-1 family genes and enhancing proinflammatory responses via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. These interventions boost myelopoiesis and strengthen both innate and adaptive immune memory, providing stronger protection against TB and opening avenues for new therapeutic approaches.
Response of narrowband ultraviolet-B phototherapy in pityriasis lichenoides-like mycosis fungoides: a case report Silvia Rakhmadani; Kirantri Larasati; Flandiana Yogianti; Arief Budiyanto; Ardisa Pramudita; Paranita Ferronika
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i2.27461

Abstract

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that often mimics other dermatological conditions, particularly in early stages. One rare subtype is pityriasis lichenoides-like mycosis fungoides (PL-like MF), which clinically resembles pityriasis lichenoides but demonstrates the histopathological features of MF, sometimes with overlapping characteristics. The management of MF varies according to disease stage, with skin-directed therapies, including narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy, frequently used in early stages. A case is reported of a 28-year-old woman who presented with papules and erythematous patches on the trunk, arms, and legs that had worsened over two years. Histopathological examination of the skin biopsy confirmed PL-like MF. Initial treatment with topical corticosteroids for two months resulted in suboptimal improvement. The patient subsequently underwent 37 sessions of NB-UVB phototherapy with a cumulative dose of 58,764 mJ/cm². Pityriasis lichenoides-like MF is a rare variant of MF that poses diagnostic challenges. The management of MF is tailored to the disease stages. In early stages, skin-directed therapies (SDTs) are preferred, whereas in advanced or refractory MF, systemic therapy combined with SDTs is required. Narrowband UVB phototherapy is considered a safe and effective therapeutic option for early-stage MF, with mechanisms involving immunomodulation and induction of apoptosis in atypical lymphocytes. In this case, the patient demonstrated 87% clinical improvement following NB-UVB therapy, consistent with reports. Long-term follow-up is necessary to assess sustained remission and potential relapse.
Rapid improvement of guttate psoriasis following inadequate response to prior systemic therapy using 311 nm narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy Rizka Fauziyah; Hardyanto Soebono; Arief Budiyanto
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i2.27922

Abstract

Guttate psoriasis (GP) is a variant of psoriasis commonly affecting children and young adults, often triggered by infection. Although most cases respond to topical therapy, some patients show inadequate response to prior treatment. Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy is considered a safe and effective therapeutic option in such cases. A 12-year-old boy presented with multiple erythematous papules with fine scales distributed over the trunk and extremities. Laboratory findings revealed elevated antistreptolysin-O titers. Based on the clinical and histopathology features, the patient was diagnosed with GP. The patient had previously received low-dose methotrexate therapy (2.5 mg/week) for approximately six months with inadequate clinical response. NB-UVB phototherapy was initiated three times weekly with gradual dose escalation. Marked clinical improvement was observed after 18 sessions, achieving PASI90. NB-UVB phototherapy exerts therapeutic effects through immunomodulation and reduction of keratinocyte proliferation. The rapid response observed in this case may be related to lesion characteristics and the appropriate selection of therapy following subtherapeutic methotrexate dosing. Based on this case, it can be concluded that NB-UVB phototherapy may be an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for GP with inadequate response to prior therapy, particularly in pediatric patients.
Diagnostic accuracy of clinical and laboratory tests in scabies: A systematic review Stefanie Kusuma; Alfin Harjuno Dwiputro
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i2.2777

Abstract

Scabies is a highly contagious parasitic skin disease with significant global morbidity. Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment and control; however, clinical manifestations are often nonspecific, and the performance of available diagnostic methods varies considerably. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of clinical and laboratory-based tests for scabies. It followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted between 2007 and December 2025 for studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of clinical diagnoses.skin scraping, adhesive tape testing, dermoscopy, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Eligible studies included human participants and reported sensitivity and/or specificity. Reference standards varied (clinical diagnosis, microscopy, skin scraping, dermoscopy). Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed quality using QUADAS-2. When sufficient 2×2 data were available, specificity and predictive values were calculated. Due to heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was conducted. Ten studies (2007–2025) involving 1,054 participants across Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East were included. Skin scraping and adhesive tape testing demonstrated consistently high sensitivity, reaching up to 100% in studies using clinical diagnosis as the reference. Dermoscopy showed variable sensitivity (46–86%), influenced by operator expertise and patient factors. In studies with extractable data, dermoscopy versus microscopy yielded a specificity of 80.95%, with positive and negative predictive values of 84.0% and 85.0%. PCR showed high but heterogeneous sensitivity (74–100%), with improved performance using standardized sampling. Specificity reporting was inconsistent, limiting evaluation of false-positive rates. Skin scraping and adhesive tape testing remain the most sensitive diagnostic methods when mite material is present. Dermoscopy and PCR are useful complementary tools, though performance varies. An integrated diagnostic approach is recommended, and findings should be interpreted cautiously due to heterogeneity and variable reference standards.
A rare case of symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE) Ardisa Pramudita; Inges Prawita Sari; Saraswati Anindhita Kusumaningrum; Sri Awalia Febriana; Fajar Waskito; Dyah Ayu Mira Oktarina; Niken Indrastuti
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE) is a rare maculopapular drug eruption mediated by type IV hypersensitivity reaction and characterized by symmetrical erythematous involvement of flexural and intertriginous areas without systemic symptoms. This case report describes a rare presentation of SDRIFE and emphasizes the importance of early recognition and prompt withdrawal of the offending drugs. A 27-year-old woman presented with well-demarcated erythematous patches involving the axillae, inframammary region, antecubital fossae, inguinal, popliteal, and gluteal areas following exposure to multiple systemic medications, including cefadroxil, mefenamic acid, amoxicillin, oral dexamethasone, paracetamol, and loratadine. No mucosal involvement or systemic manifestations were observed. Histopathological examination revealed non-specific findings of cutaneous drug eruption. The clinical presentation met the established diagnostic criteria for SDRIFE, and drug causality assessment using the Naranjo Scale identified several medications as probable triggers. Management consisted of discontinuation of the suspected drugs, patient education to avoid re-exposure, and treatment with systemic and topical corticosteroids, resulting in marked clinical improvement within approximately two weeks. Differential diagnoses, including drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), and fixed drug eruption (FDE), were considered and excluded based on clinical features and laboratory findings. Histopathological findings in SDRIFE are known to be variable and non-specific. Although drug patch testing is recommended to identify the causative agent, it has not yet been performed in this case. In conclusion, this report highlights the diagnostic value of clinical criteria and the Naranjo Scale in SDRIFE. It also highlights the importance of early diagnosis and prompt drug withdrawal, particularly in patients exposed to multiple medications.
The effect of the analgesic combination ibuprofen and caffeine on serum levels of alanine aminotransferase in Wistar rats Muhammad Fadel Yudawa; Donna Hermawati; Faizah Fulyani; Astika Widy Utomo
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i2.23576

Abstract

The combination of ibuprofen and caffeine is effective in single-dose oral dosageforms to manage moderate or severe pain in acute postoperative pain. The useof ibuprofen has been reported to result in hepatotoxicity with a hepatocellularform. In contrast, caffeine has been reported to reduce fibrosis in liver tissueby several mechanisms. Gold standard examination to monitor hepatotoxicitycan be done by checking ALT and AST enzymes in the blood. Therefore, it wasnecessary to examine the levels of ALT to assess the opposite effect of these twodrugs on liver function, which had never been studied before. The aim of thestudy was to determine the effect of the analgesic combination of ibuprofenand caffeine on serum ALT levels of male Wistar rats. This was an experimentalpost-test only control group design using 24 Wistar rats divided into 4 groups, 1control groups and 3 intervention groups. ALT levels were measured using theendpoint enzymatic assay method (Berthelot) with a spectrophotometer. Datawere analyzed using SPSS, and a p <0.05 was considered significant. The resultsof the One-Way ANOVA test showed a significant difference (p=0.002) betweenall groups. The results of the Post-Hoc test showed a significant difference in thecontrol to the group 2 (IBU) treatment (p=0.026), the control to the group 4 (IBUCAF)treatment (p=0.029), the group 2 (IBU) treatment to the group 3 (CAF) treatment(p=0.001), and the group 3 (CAF) treatment to the group 4 (IBUCAF) treatment (p=0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the control to the group 3(CAF) treatment (p=0.150) and the group 2 (IBU) treatment to the group 4 (IBUCAF)treatment (p=0.955). In conclusion, co-administration of caffeine and ibuprofendid not potentiate hepatotoxicity compared with ibuprofen monotherapy, despitecaffeine independently could induced significant hepatic injury.
Effect of visual search training on quality of life and visual performance: a systematic review Faris Khairuddin Syah; Diah Kurnia Mirawati; Pepi Budianto; Hanindia Riani Prabaningtyas; Raden Andi Ario Tedjo; Muhammad Hafizhan; Taufiq Wildan Laksono; Amalia Fitri Puspitasari; Muvida Muvida; Muhammad Yusuf Brilliant Pradana
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i2.28198

Abstract

Homonymous hemianopia is a common and debilitating complication of post-chiasmal brain injury. Visual search training (VST) is a common compensation strategy used to improve object detection in the blind visual field. This review aims to synthesize the evidence regarding the effects of VST on quality of life, visual performance, and the characteristics of intervention protocols used across studies. This systematic review included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and quasi-experimental studies. Eligible studies were screened and data were extracted independently, and the risk of bias and intervention protocolswere assessed. Eight studies met the eligibility criteria. Visual search training and related visual rehabilitation interventions are generally well tolerated, with no major safety concerns identified. Reported adverse events were predominantly mild, transient, and non-physical, and were more commonly associated with comparator interventions or logistical aspects of participation. More information on safety monitoring and standardized protocol is needed in future trials.

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