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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education {PISSN 2085-191X| EISSN 2338-7610} published scientific papers on the results of biology and biology education research {see Focus and Scope}. Editor accepts the article has not been published in other media with the writing format as listed on page manuscript writing guidelines {see Author Guidelines}. The journal published three times a year, on April, August & December and published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Pendidikan
Articles 18 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): April 2024" : 18 Documents clear
Characterization of Chitinolitic Bacteria from Hermatia illucent Larvae Waste: Antifungal Activity, Hydrolytic Enzyme, and Phosphate-Potassium Solubilization Prameselly, Qorisha Lutfia; Sugiharto, Bowo; Fatmawati, Umi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.311

Abstract

Hermetia illucens larvae, also known as the black soldier fly larvae, are best known as the decomposers of organic matter. There are many potential microbes found in the feces of BSF larvae. This research aimed to isolate the chitinolytic bacteria from chicken manure maggot waste, identify the antifugal activity, hydrolytic enzyme activity, phosphate and potassium solubilization, and bacterial species through 16S rRNA gene analysis. The initial screening focused on bacteria with chitinolytic ability. Antifungal activity tests were performed against phytopathogenic fungi, Colletotrichum sp. Isolate MKP02 showed the highest activity in inhibiting the growth of Colletotrichum sp. up to 100% and produced protease and cellulase enzymes, along with the ability to solubilize potassium. Furthermore, the potential isolate MKP04, the isolate shows the highest cellulolytic activity with a percentage of 300%. It can inhibit Colletotrichum sp. fungi, as well as having lipase enzyme content, and being able to dissolve potassium. The results of 16S rRNA gene amplification on the two isolates showed that both isolates were close to bacteria of the genus Lysinibacillus and Brevibacterium. This research is expected to provide valuable information about the bacterial content, levels of hydrolytic enzymes, and the ability to solubilize phosphate and potassium in BSF.
Dietary Steamed Tomato Inhibits Hyper-production of Inflammatory Markers and Enhance miR-29b-3p Expression in Atherosclerosis Rats Dafip, Muchamad; Iswari, Retno Sri; Kartika, Aprilia Indra; Reki, Winarto; Gasem, Muhammad Husein; Fitria, Meutia Srikandi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.782

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is triggered by cholesterol accumulation in endothelial layers that induces the production of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. This condition disrupts microRNA homeostasis like miR-29b-3p, generally maintaining artery health. Steamed tomatoes contain higher antioxidant properties than raw, which might be better against atherosclerosis. However, its influence on inflammation and miR-29b-3p balance remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the effect of steamed tomatoes on the TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels and miR-29b-3p expression under atherosclerosis conditions. Sprague Dawley male rats were equally divided into K1 group of healthy rats given a placebo; K2 group was atherosclerosis rats induced with 2 m of cholesterin/ 200 g/KgBW per day, then K3 and K4 groups were atherosclerosis rats supplemented with 20 mg/ 200 g/KgBW per day of atorvastatin and 16 mg/ 200 g/KgBW per day of steamed-tomato extract for 60 days. Steamed tomato decreases cytokine level in the K4 group and significantly differs from all groups (p < 0.050). This study showed that increased proinflammatory cytokine, including TNF-α and IL-6, is hypothetically involved in plaque formation and lamina layer destruction in endothelial. Steamed tomato supplementation also significantly increases miR-29b-3p expression to 0.98 ± 0.33 log10 fold change higher than K2 and K3 (p = 0.000). This study demonstrated the potential of steamed tomatoes to improve dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis-related inflammation, and miRNA homeostasis. This research provides additional knowledge regarding determining the expression of miR-29b-3p, which has the potential to be developed as a diagnostic or therapeutic target.
In Silico Study of Cladosporol and Its Acyl Derivatives as Anti-Breast Cancer Against Alpha-Estrogen Receptor Herdiansyah, Mochammad Aqilah; Ansori, Arif Nur Muhammad; Kharisma, Viol Dhea; Alifiansyah, Mochamad Radika Tory; Anggraini, Dhea; Priyono, Qiara Amelia Putri; Yusniasari, Putri Antika; Fetty, Amelia Julia Tria; Zainul, Rahadian; Rebezov, Maksim; Kolesnik, Evgeniy; Maksimiuk, Nikolai
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.949

Abstract

Breast cancer is a chronic health problem that causes 690,000 deaths worldwide. The development of secondary metabolite compounds from natural preparations through an in silico approach is needed as a predictive tool to prevent breast cancer, one of them is cladosporol from Cladosporium spp. This study aims to utilize an in silico approach to predict the potential of cladosporol against alpha-estrogen receptors. The alpha-estrogen receptor with code 6CBZ was selected based on group function as pharmacophore in ligand-receptor interaction. The methods used in this study are by using an in silico approach with Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) Ver 5.5 for the docking process and CABS-flex 2.0 for identifying the stability of the complexes. ADMET properties analysis was also performed to know the pharmacokinetics attributes of cladosporol. Based on research conducted, stated that cladosporol octanoate has the lowest rerank score with a -84.3593 value and the RMSD value is 1.195 Å so it’s valid for molecular docking. Exploration of cladosporol for anti-breast cancer from Cladosporium spp fungi can be a novelty for the development of future pharmaceutical research. Thus, the development of anti-cancer drugs for early prevention can be carried out to reduce the number of breast cancer cases worldwide.
The Physical, Chemical, Microbiological, Antibacterial and Prebiotic Characteristics of Fermented Porang Flour with Addition of Bacteria and Yeast Helmi, Henny; Eni, Kariningsih
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.1545

Abstract

Porang (Amorphophallus oncophylus) tubers are one of the export commodities due to their glucomannan content. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of water fermentation and the quality of porang fermented flour with the addition of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), Bacillus subtilis (BS), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC). Fermentation was conducted using four treatments, namely LP+BS, LP+SC, BS+SC which consisted of 10%v/v of inoculum, respectively, and LP+BS+SC which consisted of 7%v/v LP, 7% BSv/v, and 6%SCv/v. During fermentation, pH, total acidity, and total microorganisms were observed. Proximate, glucomannan content, starch content, fiber content, and antibacterial and prebiotics characteristics were observed for fermented porang flour. The results showed that pH decreased while total acidity increased during fermentation. Total aerobic bacteria had the highest population at 24 hours of fermentation while lactic acid bacteria had the highest population at 24- and 48-hour fermentation. Yeast reached the highest population at 72 hours of fermentation. Porang fermented flour with the addition of BS+SC contained the highest glucomannan content, carbohydrate, and fiber content. Moreover, the flour with BS+SC had an antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and supported the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Porang fermented flour which is processed with the addition of a mixed culture of BS and SC can be developed to improve the nutrititional and functional properties of porang flour.
Topical Ointment Anredera cordifolia Leaves Ethanolic Extract-Loaded Nanochitosan Promotes Wound Healing in Hyperglycemic Rat Alfatinnisa, Zalfa; Andriyan, Mohammad Wahyu; Saputra, Muhammad Ragil; Astuti, Endah Puji; Sunarno, Sunarno; Isdadiyanto, Sri; Subagio, Agus; Jaya, La Ode Irman
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.1842

Abstract

Wound healing in hyperglycemia patients is still a challenge in the medical field. Bioactive compounds of binahong leaf extract can support the wound healing process. Nanoencapsulation of the extract can avoid oxidation and optimize drug delivery to target tissues. This study aimed to analyze the effect of nanochitosan encapsulated binahong extract ointment (NEBE/Oint) on the percentage of wound healing, angiogenesis, collagen density, and epithelial thickness in hyperglycemic rats. This study used 80 mg/kg streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia rats injured in the back area. Rats were divided into P0 (0,9% NaCl), P1 (10% povidone-iodine ointment (PI/Oint)), P2 (10% NEBE/Oint), P3 (20% NEBE/Oint), P4 (30% NEBE/Oint). Phytochemical screening of binahong leaves extract showed positive results for flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. NEBE particle size was 169 nm with a size distribution of 0.2 and a zeta potential value of -40,2 mV. The results showed NEBE ointment had a significant effect when compared with negative control on wound healing hyperglycemic rats. The conclusion is that nanochitosan drug delivery has the potential as an alternative wound treatment. The novelty of this study is the use of nanochitosan to accelerate wound healing in hyperglycemic rats. The results of this study are expected to become a reference for new wound-healing methods in the medical field.
Pharmacokinetics Profile of Chitosan Nanoparticles in Chronic Lead-induced Toxicity Rats Model Marianti, Aditya; Amalina, Nur Dina; Mursiti, Sri; Sitompul, Faya Nuralda; Futri, Shafira Septiana; Negara, Legendra Gantar; Sholehah, Intan Kharyna; Asmorowati, Dian Sri; Astari, Putri Dyah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.1857

Abstract

Chronic lead exposure induces ROS accumulation which causes physiological disorders. Chelation therapy has been widely used to overcome lead poisoning since it exerts only a few side effects. Nano chitosan prevents lead poisoning by inhibiting ROS. This study examined the pharmacokinetics of nano chitosan in chronic lead-induced toxicity animal models and the mechanism of action pathway using the bioinformatic approach, The area under the curve was estimated to be 12110.13 ± 7709.37 μg/mL hours using the pharmacokinetic model, and the Cmax was 82.34 ± 5.64 μg/mL. The Tmax and t½ calculations were 22.68 ± 11.67 and 80.47 ± 60.58 hours respectively. Chitosan nanoparticles regulated VEGFA, FGF2, and LGALS3 which plausibly played a substantial role in chronic lead exposure. However, chitosan is not suitable for oral administration due to its low gastrointestinal solubility. These characteristics make chitosan nanoparticles have the prospect of being developed as a supplement so that they can contribute to overcoming the negative impacts of chronic lead poisoning.
Utilization of Rhizoctonia Mycorrhizae for Orchid Late Blight Control in Sustainable Agricultural Soelistijono, R.; Daryanti, Daryanti; Rakhmawati, Dian; Rianto, Prisma Aditya; Utomo, Herry
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.3498

Abstract

Vanda tricolor is currently a protected species because is the occurrence of orchid late blight caused by the Fusarium sp. pathogenic fungus. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Rhizoctonia mycorrhizae in inducing resistance against Fusarium sp., the causative agent of late blight, in V. tricolor. The research employed CRBD with three treatments and six replications. Rhizoctonia mycorrhizae were isolated and identified following the procedure outlined by Bayman. Pre-inoculation of Rhizoctonia mycorrhizae was conducted on PDA media, and mycorrhizae were subsequently inoculated onto the roots of V. tricolor seedlings derived from tissue culture. The presence of peloton structures on the roots was determined using the Nakano methods. The Saravanan method was employed to measure peroxidase activity. The results demonstrated that V. tricolor induced by Rhizoctonia mycorrhizae exhibited resistance against Fusarium sp. and displayed the formation of peroxidase enzymes, peloton structures, and lignification. In contrast, the non-induced orchids suffered significant damage to the epidermal tissue of the leaves, did not exhibit an increase in peroxidase enzymes, and failed to form peloton or lignified structures. The novelty of this research is the use of Rhizoctonia mycorrhizae to control orchid late blight diseases at Mount Merapi.
Therapeutic Potential of Secretome from Hypoxic-Mesenchymal Stem Cell (SH-MSC) in Regulating PDGF and IL-1β Gene Expression in Fluconazole-Related Alopecia Jessika, Cleveria; Putra, Agung; Sumarawati, Titiek
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.3499

Abstract

Fluconazole long therapy causes severe alopecia by increasing interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and decreasing platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Secretomes from hypoxic mesenchymal stem cells (SH-MSCs) contain anti-inflammatory and growth factors that potentially aid in repairing damaged hair follicles. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effect of SH-MSCs on PDGF and IL-1β gene expression to develop a more effective alopecia therapy with minimal side effects. MSCs were extracted from the rat's umbilical cord and cultured under hypoxic conditions for 24 hours before secretome collection. The experiment used six rats per group for a positive control placebo (K1), a negative control group treated with fluconazole + placebo (K2), and topical gel containing 10% and 20% SH-MSCs for K3 and K4, respectively. The rat's PDGF and IL-1β gene expression was measured after 29 days of treatment and validated using histopathological analysis to evaluate hair follicles. The results showed that SH-MSC application significantly increased PDGF and decreased IL-1β gene expression (LSD test result p < 0.001). The highest expression of PDGF was observed in K4, which is 1.71 ± 0.31 fold change, followed by K3 with 0.806 ± 0.12 fold change. Conversely, IL-1β mRNA expression was significantly decreased in K4, which is a 1.41 ± 0.20 fold change, followed by K3 with a 2.71 ± 0.23 fold change (Mann-Whitney test result p < 0.001). Applying SH-MSC improved hair follicle tissue by increasing anagen cell type than telogen. This study indicates that SH-MSCs have the potential to be developed as a topical gel for the treatment of fluconazole-related alopecia.
Secretome of Hypoxic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Fluconazole-Induced Alopecia in Rats via Immunoregulatory Modulation of IL-15 and IFN-γ Rahardja, Carolina Kiwik; Mulyani, Sri Priyantini; Putra, Agung
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.3500

Abstract

Increased IL-15 and IFN-γ characterize fluconazole-related alopecia (FRA). The hypoxia mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) secretome has anti-inflammatory capabilities that can potentially be used as alopecia therapy. Therefore, the study aims to determine the effect of topical administration of hMSCs secretome gel on reducing IL-15 and IFN-γ gene expression and baldness in male Wistar rats, a model of FRA. MSC was collected from rat umbilical cord, cultured under hypoxia for 24 hours, and yielded a sterile secretome formulated into a water-based gel ointment for treatment. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: K1 for health controls with placebo administration only; K2 for negative control which contain FRA rats by applying fluconazole from day 7th to 14th and continued placebo administration until day 29th; treatments were conducted for FRA rat groups treated with 200 mg/day of topical gel contained with 10% of hMSCs secretome for K3 and 20% of hMSCs secretome for K4. Observations were made to analyze hair growth and IL-15 and INF-γ mRNA expression using qPCR. The analysis showed a significant decrease in IL-15 and IFN-γ mRNA expression (p ≤ 0.001) and a reduction in baldness of up to 60% after topical hMSCs secretome gel administration. The prominent result was that the topical gel contained 20% of hMSCs secretome. Based on research results, a topical gel dose containing 20% hMSC secretome had the best effect on improving the condition of FRA. This research may help optimize doses and treatment methods in hMSC secretome therapy.
Bioconcentration of Heavy Metals in Milkfish Reared in Stick-Net Pens System: Implications for Open Water Environmental Contamination and Food Safety Martuti, Nana Kariada Tri; Falisah, Dwi Fiska; Sidiq, Wahid Akhsin Budi Nur; Melati, Inaya Sari; Mutiatari, Dhita Pracisca; Nayam, Nasir
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.3501

Abstract

The coast of Tanjung Mas, Semarang City, is an industrial area used by the community to cultivate milkfish using stick-net pens. Furthermore, heavy metal contamination such as Cr, Cd, Cu, and Pb potentially disrupts milkfish meat's growth, quality, and safety. This study aims to determine heavy metals concentration in the waters and milkfish meat in stick-net pens cultivation in Tanjung Mas, Semarang City. The study was conducted using exploration, with five observation sites representing household waste disposal flow, industrial discharge, open sea, and intermediate areas. The observation sites were selected based on the milkfish cultivation activity. The sample and data, including water, milkfish, and environmental factors (temperature, pH, salinity, water current, and dissolved oxygen), were collected three times every two weeks. The heavy metals were detected using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The highest heavy metal concentration is Cr, which ranges from 1.70 ± 0.32 ppm to 2.36 ± 0.63 ppm in milkfish and 2.77 ± 0.65 ppm to 3.05 ± 0.58 ppm in the environment. The heavy metals contamination in Semarang City’s water areas is still relatively low and has no impact on milkfish growth. Industrial waste, mainly heavy metals, potentially threatens the stick-net pens cultivation model developed by the community in Semarang City. This study can be used as an input for mitigation and adaptive action in anticipating future environmental changes and maintaining their business sustainability.

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