Jurnal Rekayasa Proses
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses is an open-access journal published by Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada as scientific journal to accommodate current topics related to chemical and biochemical process exploration and optimization which covers multi scale analysis from micro to macro and full plant size. Specialization topics covered by Jurnal Rekayasa Proses are: 1. Kinetics and Catalysis Includes simulations and experiments in reaction kinetics, catalyst synthesis and characterization, reactor design, process intensification, microreactor, multiphase reactors, multiscale phenomena, transfer phenomena in multiphase reactors. 2. Separation and Purification System Includes phase equilibrium, mass transfer, mixing and segregation, unit operation, distillation, absorption, extraction, membrane separation, adsorption, ion exchange, chromatography, crystallization and precipitation, supercritical fluids, bioprocess product purification. 3. Process System Engineering Includes simulation, analysis, optimization, and process control on chemical/biochemical processes based on mathematical modeling; multiscale modeling strategy (molecular level, phase level, unit level, and inter-unit integration); design of experiment (DoE); current methods on simulation for model parameter determination. 4. Oil, Gas, and Coal Technology Includes chemical engineering application on process optimization to achieve utmost efficiency in energy usage, natural gas purification, fractionation recovery, CO2 capture, coal liquefaction, enhanced oil recovery and current technology to deal with scarcity in fossil fuels and its environmental impacts. 5. Particle Technology Includes application of chemical engineering concepts on particulate system, which covers phenomenological study on nucleation, particle growth, breakage, and aggregation, particle population dynamic model, particulate fluid dynamic in chemical processes, characterization and engineering of particulate system. 6. Mineral Process Engineering Includes application of chemical engineering concepts in mineral ore processing, liberation techniques and purification, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and energy efficiency in mineral processing industries. 7. Material and biomaterial Includes application of chemical engineering concepts in material synthesis, characterization, design and scale up of nano material synthesis, multiphase phenomena, material modifications (thin film, porous materials etc), contemporary synthesis techniques (such as chemical vapor deposition, hydrothermal synthesis, colloidal synthesis, nucleation mechanism and growth, nano particle dispersion stability, etc.). 8. Bioresource and Biomass Engineering Includes natural product processing to create higher economic value through purification and conversion techniques (such as natural dye, herbal supplements, dietary fibers, edible oils, etc), energy generation from biomass, life cycle and economic analysis on bioresource utilization. 9. Biochemistry and Bioprocess Engineering Includes biochemical reaction engineering, bioprocess optimization which includes microorganism selection and maintenance, bioprocess application for waste treatment, bioreactor modeling and optimization, downstream processing. 10. Biomedical Engineering Includes enhancement of cellular productions of enzymes, protein engineering, tissue engineering, materials for implants, and new materials to improve drug delivery system. 11. Energy, Water, Environment, and Sustainability Includes energy balances/audits in industries, energy conversion systems, energy storage and distribution system, water quality, water treatment, water quality analysis, green processes, waste minimization, environment remediation, and environment protection efforts (organic fertilizer production and application, biopesticides, etc.).
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<![CDATA[Pengaruh steam pretreatment terhadap degradasi selulosa dan limonen pada limbah jeruk dalam produksi biohidrogen ]]>
<![CDATA[Gita Khaerunnisa]]>;
<![CDATA[Sarto Sarto]]>;
<![CDATA[Sutijan Sutijan]]>;
<![CDATA[Siti Syamsiah]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12 No 1 (2018): Volume 12, Number 1, 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.31163
<![CDATA[This research presents the influence of steam pretreatment to orange waste and its effect on the production of biohydrogen. The steam pretreatments with various times of 2, 4, and 6 hours were applied to the samples. After the pretreatment, the samples were fermented for seven days, and the contents of cellulose, limonene, volatile fatty acid (VFA), and hydrogen were assessed on the days of 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7. Kinetic parameters of hydrogen production were evaluated using the modified Gompertz`s equation. The result of this research showed that the steam pretreatment significantly reduced the cellulose and limonene compounds. The content of cellulose in the substrate after 2, 4 and 6 hours pretreatment were 37.08%; 36.63%; and 15.95%, respectively. Moreover, the content of limonene after pretreatment of 2, 4, and 6 hours were 57.44 ppm; 38.80 ppm; and 36.11 ppm, respectively. Analysis of kinetic parameters of production of hydrogen showed that the maximum productions of hydrogen (Hmax) in the samples after pretreatment of 2, 4, and 6 hours were 11.492 mL; 52.612 mL; 22.345 mL, respectively. The maximum production rates (Rm) at specified pretreatment time (2, 4, and 6 hours) were 9.888 mL H2/hour; 10.008 mL H2/hour; 12.982 mL H2/hour and the lag phases were 49.689 hours; 24.742 hours; and 24.885 hours. The study elucidated that applying pretreatment for 4 hours gives the optimum condition for hydrogen production.]]>
<![CDATA[Model dispersi gas dan vapor cloud explosion pada kebocoran outlet pigtail tubes primary reformer ]]>
<![CDATA[Perwitasari Perwitasari]]>;
<![CDATA[P. Sumardi]]>;
<![CDATA[Indra Perdana]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12 No 1 (2018): Volume 12, Number 1, 2018 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.33802
<![CDATA[Outlet pigtail tubes, one of the components in primary reformer, have a function to carry the reformed gas from the catalyst tubes to the collection manifold. Moreover, it also has a function to provide the required flexibility within the system to avoid overstress at the end of connections of the pigtail to the manifold and to the bottom of the catalyst tube. It operates in an extreme condition with temperature range of 825-850 oC and pressure 36.2 kg/cm2 which is possible to initiate a failure. The consequences of outlet pigtail tubes failure are a dispersion of synthesis gas and vapor cloud explosion. This research aimed to make a model of those consequences with an assumption that the leakage hole was the same as the diameter of outlet pigtail tubes. The gas dispersion model used in this research was dense gas dispersion continuous release model. The results showed that the highest ratio of synthesis gas-air concentration was 0.1 at 17.4 m distance from leaking point. Whereas the lowest ratio of synthesis gas-air concentration was 0.002 at 163.4 m distance from leaking point. The highest ratio of the concentration of gas dispersion gave vapor cloud explosion energy of about 11.67 x 105 kJ with an overpressure of about 8.41 kPa. The overpressure caused a partial demolition of the building (for example control room), panels blow in, and fastening fails of equipment or machines around the area.]]>
<![CDATA[Sintesis dan karakterisasi silika tersulfatasi dari sekam padi ]]>
<![CDATA[Idra Herlina]]>;
<![CDATA[Edwin Rizki Safitra]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12 No 1 (2018): Volume 12, Number 1, 2018 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.34362
<![CDATA[In this work, sulphated silica (SiO2/SO3-H+) has been synthesized from rice husk through sol-gel method. Characterization with IR spectrophotometers showed similar peak between silica and sulphated silica. Silica typical bands consisting of strain O-H, bending water molecules, and asymmetric vibrations of silica atoms present in the siloxane appear at the peak of the analysis showing that silica synthesis of rice husk has been successfully performed. The modification of silica with sulphuric acid was not confirmed by IR spectrophotometers because the S-OH strain of sulphate ions overlaps with asymmetric vibrations of silica atoms present in siloxanes. The resulting sulphated silica was used as a catalyst in the esterification reaction of free fatty acid in a crude palm oil pond (Pond CPO). Pond CPO is a CPO that is bound to palm oil mill waste water. Pond CPO has free fatty acid content (FFA) between 40 to 70%. High levels of FFA CPO can be derived through esterification reactions with the help of SiO2/SO3-H+ catalyst. In this study, SiO2/SO3-H+ catalyst concentrations were varied i.e. 1, 3, and 5% (w/w). From the research result, the best catalyst performance was obtained at 5% concentration with the ability to decrease the FFA level by 49.70%.]]>
<![CDATA[Recovery ion Hg2+ dari limbah cair industri penambangan emas rakyat dengan metode presipitasi sulfida dan hidroksida ]]>
<![CDATA[Ilma Fadlilah]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Prasetya]]>;
<![CDATA[Panut Mulyono]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12 No 1 (2018): Volume 12, Number 1, 2018 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.34496
<![CDATA[Unlicensed gold mining activities using mercury (Hg) as a gold element binder is called the amalgamation process. Mercury is a heavy metal and categorized as toxic material. The use of mercury can potentially cause a pollution in environment, especially the aquatic system. For overcoming the heavy metals of mercury in liquid waste, it needs an alternative wastewater treatment method e.g. chemical precipitation. This study is aimed to recover Hg2+ ions from liquid wastes by using sulphide precipitation and hydroxide methods. This research studied the effect of pH on Hg2+ ions which is deposited in the precipitation process and evaluated the rate of Hg2+ precipitation formation. Precipitation was carried out by using sodium sulphide (Na2S) 0.3 M and Ca(OH)2 0.004 M as a precipitation agent with a rapid mixing speed for about 200 rpm for 3 minutes and continued with slow mixing for about 40 rpm for 30 minutes. Then, the liquid sample was left for 24 hours to precipitate. The results showed that precipitation method by using Na2S solution can decrease the content of Hg in HgCl2 synthetic waste. Optimum mass of HgS precipitate of 0.046 g was achieved at pH 9 with a removal efficiency percentage up to 99.81%. The rate of formation of HgS precipitate is 0.4mg/ hour. While, hydroxide precipitation method can decrease mercury level up to 90.11% at pH 12 and mass of Hg (OH)2 precipitate obtained is 0.28 g. However, the result of EDX analysis of the precipitate of Hg (OH)2 showed that the content of Hg precipitate is still low at 0.28 wt.%.]]>
<![CDATA[Kinerja dan kinetika produksi biohidrogen secara batch dari sampah buah melon dalam reaktor tangki berpengaduk ]]>
<![CDATA[Febrina Sarlinda]]>;
<![CDATA[Sarto Sarto]]>;
<![CDATA[Muslikhin Hidayat]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12 No 1 (2018): Volume 12, Number 1, 2018 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.33611
<![CDATA[Melon fruit waste with high sugar and water content is potential as a substrate for hydrogen production by dark fermentation. This study investigated the performance of biohydrogen production from melon fruit waste in a stirred tank reactor with initial concentration of 13100 mg sCOD/L, in room temperature, initial pH of 7 and controlling final pH at 5.5 by adding NaOH. The fermentation was carried out for 24 hours. The value of pH, volatile solid (VS), soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD), volatile fatty acid (VFA), biogas volume, hydrogen content, and cell concentration was analized every hour to determine the performance of reactor. Hydrogen content reached 16.20% with hydrogen production rate (HPR) of 458.12 mL/Lreactor/day in the standard temperature and pressure (STP) condition. Substrate consumption at the end of fermentation reached 24.61% of sCOD and 78.28% of VS. Metabolite products were dominated by acetate and butyrate with butyrate to acetate ratio of 7:6. The kinetic of product formation was evaluated by the kinetic model of Gompertz. Meanwhile the kinetics of cell growth was approximated by logistics model.]]>
<![CDATA[Nilai parameter kadar pencemar sebagai penentu tingkat efektivitas tahapan pengolahan limbah cair industri batik lilin ]]>
<![CDATA[Indrayani Indrayani]]>;
<![CDATA[Nur Rahmah]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12 No 1 (2018): Volume 12, Number 1, 2018 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.35754
<![CDATA[Batik industry sector has a strategic role in development, especially to increase the level of employment and its contribution in encouraging the growth of creative economy. Along with the development of batik industry that has been known globally, batik industry produces a negative impact of liquid waste in a large amount which will potentially pollute the environment. This paper described the characteristics of batik industrial wastewater and its treatment stages both in physics, chemistry and biology. The treated wastewater is analyzed and adjusted to the required wastewater quality standard parameters. The wastewater treatment plant in Balai Besar Kerajinan dan Batik (BBKB) consist of physical process i.e. sedimentation, biological process i.e. anaerobic treatment and chemical process i.e. coagulation. The efficiency of the process is determined by the value of test results at each stage of wastewater treatment. The efficiency of physical, biological and chemical process in this plant were 71.69%; 55,31%; 40.75%, respectively. According to the results, the treated wastewater could be discharged safely to the environment.]]>
<![CDATA[Karakteristik bio-briket berbahan baku batu bara dan batang/ampas tebu terhadap kualitas dan laju pembakaran ]]>
<![CDATA[Nurhalim Nurhalim]]>;
<![CDATA[Rochim Bakti Cahyono]]>;
<![CDATA[Muslikhin Hidayat]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12 No 1 (2018): Volume 12, Number 1, 2018 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.35278
<![CDATA[Indonesia has a very large fossil fuel source such as coal. In Indonesia, almost all power plants and industries use coal as solid fuel. Burning coal produces fly ash, bottom ash, poisonous gas and unused coal residue. The coal waste is commonly found in mining operations, abandoned mining areas, laboratories and power plants. This problem could be solved by producing bio-briquette using the coal waste. In this study, laboratory scale pyrolysis and non pyrolysis methods were used to produce bio-briquette using the coal waste with measurement of proximate analysis and burning rate. Pyrolysis was carried out at constant temperature of 400 oC for 2 hours. The total weight of briquette sample as much as 99.87 g was burnt at 400 oC with sufficient air space in the furnace. The waste coal was mixed with biomass bagasse and sugar cane stems before the briquetting process. The composition of the briquette material was 50 g of coal waste, 30 g of sugar cane biomass, and 10 g of bagasse. To form the briquette, tapioca was used as adhesive in addition to 5 g of clay with 50 mesh of size and application of 50 kg/cm2 pressure. The result of proximate analysis and combustion of the non-pyrolysis bio-briquette showed that non-pyrolysis bio-briquette contained 4.17 % of moisture content, 18.39% of fly ash, 25.56% of ash content, 5157.87 cal/g of calorific value. The mass of of pyrolysis bio-briquette (50 g) decreased to 30 g during 30 minutes, the compulsion reached maximum speed on 1.93 g/s and the smoke disappeared on the 24th minute The pyrolysis process on coal waste decreased the smoke and the addition of biomass increased the calorific value of bio-coal briquette.]]>
