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Proceedings of Annual International Conference Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education, Engineering,
Engineering Other
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 23 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 2 (2013): Engineering" : 23 Documents clear
Traffic safety in Sudan: magnitude and future challenges Khair Jadaan; Mawaheb Osman; Dana Abudayyeh; Hala Gammoh
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 3, No 2 (2013): Engineering
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (155.484 KB)

Abstract

The performance of road safety in Sudan has generally deteriorated over the last few years as accident rates have witnessed a tremendous increase. The number of road accidents was 23850 in 2001 rising to a total of 38515 in 2005, then to 61428 accidents in 2010. The 2010 fatality rate of 38 per 10,000 registered vehicles is very high compared to Arab, developing and developed countries. This paper reviews the magnitude, trends and characteristics of road traffic accidents in Sudan in order to provide a better understanding of the road safety trauma. It discusses the future trends and challenges which are expected to have significant bearing on both short and long-term traffic safety development. Finally short term remedial measures and long term National Road Safety Strategy are presented and recommended for implementation.
Testing mAs Reciprocity Law using a screen-film system and an exposure meter on a diagnostic xray machine Sabar Bauk; Siti Norbaieah Mohamad Hashim
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 3, No 2 (2013): Engineering
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (108.958 KB)

Abstract

Reciprocity law states that the relationship between exposure and optical density (OD) should remain constant regardless of the exposure rate. In this experiment two different detectors were used to prove the reciprocity law using an exposure meter detector and a screen-film system. Four different valuesof kVps were used in this experiment which were 40 kVp, 50 kVp, 60 kVp, and 70 kVp. Different values of mAs were used from 1 mAs up to 50 mAs. Other factors used in this experiment were maintained constant such as the distance from focal spot to detector 100 cm and collimator opening 15 cm x 10 cm to make sure all contributions from the surroundings were approximately the same. In this experiment, acceptability range of the reciprocity law used for the screen-film OD was ±5% and acceptability range of the absorbed dose using the exposure meter was ±10%. From the result, it shows that at low kilovoltage which was 40 kV the OD and absorbed dose values disobeyed the reciprocity law, but at high kilovoltage, the OD and linearity value obeyed the reciprocity law.
Increment of patchouli alcohol in patchouli oil by vacuum distillation fraction method Yuliani Aisyah; Sri Haryani Anwar; Yulia Annisa
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 3, No 2 (2013): Engineering
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (130.028 KB)

Abstract

The quality of Indonesian patchouli oil is commonly lower than that required by standard (substandard). The quality of patchouli oil is determined by the level of an organic compound known as patchouli alcohol (PA). This research is aimed to study the influence of the initial level of patchouli alcohol in patchouli oil to the final oil quality after being separated by vacuum distillation fraction method. The patchouli oils used had three different initial level of patchouli alcohol (31.11%, 32.83% and 33.61%). The results show that the increments of the initial level of patchouli alcohol tend to lower the final concentrations of this compound in the patchouli oil. The oil with 31.11% of initial patchouli alcohol contained 49.07% PA after distillation, the initial PA of 32.83% became 42.87% and the oil with the highest initial PA (33.61%) consisted only 32.85% PA in its final quality.

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