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Atom Indonesia
Published by Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional
ISSN : 01261568     EISSN : 23565322     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Energy Physics
Atom Indonesia is dedicated to publishing and disseminating the results of research and development in nuclear science and technology. The scope of this journal covers experimental and analytical research in nuclear science and technology. The topics include nuclear physics, reactor physics, radioactive waste, fuel element, radioisotopes, radiopharmacy, radiation, and neutron scattering, as well as their utilization in agriculture, industry, health, environment, energy, material science and technology, and related fields.
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika Nuklir dan Molekuler, dan Ooptik
Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 51, No 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025" : 13 Documents clear
Optimizing Quality Assurance in Breast IMRT Treatment Plans: A Comparative Study of Point Dose and 2D Dose Verification Herwiningsih, S.; Noor, J. A. E.; Widodo, C. S.; Munthe, D. Y. B.; Hentihu, F. K.
Atom Indonesia Vol 51, No 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2025.1651

Abstract

Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) requires rigorous dose verification to ensure accurate radiation delivery. This study evaluates point dose verification and 2D dose verification techniques in detecting dose discrepancies due to isocenter shifts in IMRT treatment for post-mastectomy breast cancer cases. Five post-mastectomy breast IMRT plans were retrospectively analyzed, with phantom-based measurements compared against Treatment Planning System (TPS) calculations. The results indicate that point dose verification provides reliable absolute dose measurements, but lacks spatial resolution, whereas 2D verification captures dose variations more effectively. Dose discrepancies remained within acceptable limits for shifts up to ±3 mm, but shifts of ±5 mm or more resulted in clinically significant deviations. Gamma Passing Rates (GPR) decreased substantially beyond ±5 mm shifts, underscoring the importance of precise patient positioning. These findings support the integration of both verification methods to improve IMRT quality assurance, particularly in resource-limited settings. Future advancements in AI-driven dosimetry and real-time in vivo monitoring may further optimize dose verification, enhancing treatment accuracy and patient safety.
Strategic Intelligence Analysis in The Integration of National Defense Components to Counter The Threat of Nuclear Terrorism in Indonesia Rajagukguk, M. H.; Gunawan, B.; Santoso, M.; Ratmono, B. M.
Atom Indonesia Vol 51, No 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2025.1426

Abstract

The development of nuclear science presents multifaceted benefits across diverse sectors, including energy, health, construction, agriculture, and food production. However, the proliferation of nuclear technology introduces the complex challenge of dual-use, encompassing both constructive applications and potential misuse for nefarious purposes such as terrorism. Indonesia, like many nations, faces this dual-use dilemma, necessitating robust defense mechanisms to safeguard against nuclear terrorism threats. This study aims to investigate and enhance Indonesia's defense system against nuclear terrorism by emphasizing integration and strategic intelligence within its defense components. The primary objective is to analyze the integration and coordination mechanisms among the main, supporting, and reserve components of Indonesia's defense system to strengthen strategic analysis and intelligence efforts in combating nuclear terrorism threats. Through a qualitative research methodology employing an analytical approach, data collection encompasses expert interviews, observations, and an extensive literature review. The study identifies various threat risks and potential initiators of nuclear terrorism attacks, highlighting the critical role of integrated defense components in addressing these threats effectively. Findings reveal the indispensable roles of the main, supporting, and reserve components in executing intelligence functions, including investigation, security, and information gathering, to mitigate the threat of nuclear terrorism. Despite their distinct roles, these components require seamless integration and coordination to maximize strategic analysis efforts and intelligence sharing. The research identifies several constraints hindering the effective implementation of integration and strategic intelligence within Indonesia's defense components. These constraints necessitate targeted improvements to enhance the nation's capability to mitigate the threat of nuclear terrorism effectively. In conclusion, this study underscores the significance of integration and strategic intelligence within Indonesia's defense system to confront the evolving threat landscape of nuclear terrorism. By addressing research gaps and proposing actionable recommendations, this research contributes to strengthening Indonesia's defense posture against nuclear terrorism, thereby ensuring national security and global stability.
Verification of Breast Cancer Treatment Planning with Various Radiation Techniques Using Monte Carlo Simulations and Linac Log Files Sugandi, R. D.; Azzi, A.; Fadli, M.; Sihono, D. S. K.
Atom Indonesia Vol 51, No 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2025.1618

Abstract

Due to the complexity of radiotherapy techniques, rigorous Patient-Specific Quality Assurance (PSQA) is crucial to ensure the accuracy of treatment plans. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the Treatment Planning System (TPS) by comparing its dose distribution calculations with those obtained from the PRIMO Monte Carlo simulation. Treatment plans for 3D-CRT, IMRT, and VMAT were generated for a Rando breast phantom using the TPS. Subsequently, the dose distributions from the TPS were compared with those obtained from the PRIMO Monte Carlo simulation. Key metrics, including Homogeneity Index (HI) and Conformity Index (CI), were calculated to assess the quality of dose distribution. Furthermore, the dose constraints on OARs were evaluated to assess the impact on surrounding healthy tissues. To further validate the TPS, dose distributions from the linac log file (Dynalog) for VMAT were reconstructed within the PRIMO environment. These reconstructed distributions were then compared with the dose distributions calculated directly by the TPS. Gamma index analysis was employed to evaluate the agreement between these two sets of data. The comparison between TPS and Monte Carlo simulations revealed that 3D-CRT plans exhibited smaller deviations in HI and CI compared to IMRT and VMAT plans. However, a significant improvement in HI and CI values was observed in both IMRT planning simulations and Dynalog VMAT file simulations, indicating enhanced plan quality. The dose received by OARs in all treatment plans remained within the acceptable dose thresholds, demonstrating effective sparing of surrounding healthy tissues. For the PSQA procedure, the 3D-CRT technique is still the safest due to its lower level of complexity compared to IMRT and VMAT. More complex treatments should consider the robustness of treatment transfer information from TPS to linac to avoid dosimetry errors.
Analysis of Alpha and Lithium-7 Particle Energy Deposition in BNCT using Geant4 Simulation Charef, K.; Ahlaf, F. Z.; Khoulaki, Y.; Benchekroun, D.; Harrass, H.; Fathi, I.; Makhkhas, Y.
Atom Indonesia Vol 51, No 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2025.1501

Abstract

This study investigates the microdosimetric characteristic of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) using high-fidelity Monte Carlo simulations to quantify the energy deposition distributions of alpha and lithium-7 particles within cellular structures. The Geant4 toolkit is utilized to model various physics lists and water representations, aiming to optimize the accuracy of BNCT simulations. Dosimetric and microdosimetric studies using these Monte Carlo techniques are conducted to examine the behavior of the produced alpha and lithium-7 particles and their energy deposition in different cellular compartments. Our findings contribute to the understanding of BNCT’s effects at the cellular level, which is crucial for advancing treatment planning and minimizing side effects.
PHITS-Based Simulation of Dose Distributions and Secondary Particle Fluence from Light and Heavy Ions at Therapeutic Energies in a Water Phantom Dalumpines, C. G. M.; Peñonal, G. F. I.; Aringa, H. P.; Convicto, V. C.
Atom Indonesia Vol 51, No 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2025.1643

Abstract

Comprehensive dosimetric evaluation of light and heavy ions such as protons, alpha particles, carbon, and oxygen ions is essential for advancements in radiation therapy and space applications. This study employed the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS) to simulate dose distributions and secondary particle fluence in a water phantom across a range of therapeutic ion energies. A 30 × 30 × 30 cm³ water phantom with 2.0 × 108 primary particles at a Source to Surface Distance (SSD) of 100 cm were irradiated using mono energetic axial source. This simulation study also evaluated particle fluence of secondary particles such as electrons, positrons, and neutrons. Results showed that positron fluence concentrates around the water phantom, dispersing more at higher energy, while neutron flux focuses along the source path. The PHITS generated Percent Depth Dose (PDD) curves illustrate varied dose deposition patterns for each ion at different energies. For the highest energy considered, the simulated Bragg peak positions deviated by not more than 4.55 % from the experimental data, with simulation uncertainties kept below 0.1 %, ensuring accurate dose analysis. Helium ions (alpha particles) exhibited favorable treatment characteristics such as lower entrance dose, minimal lateral scattering, and reduced fragmentation consistent with the experimental findings. Additionally, the spatial distributions of electrons, positrons, and neutrons show elevated concentrations near the water phantom, indicating potential benefits for enhancing treatment precision.
Comparison of Lung Cancer Lesion Detection Capability on Standard Dose and Low Dose Computed Tomography Capabilities: An In-House Phantom Study Hutami, A. K.; Raharja, H. D. R.; Lubis, L. E.; Soejoko, D. S.
Atom Indonesia Vol 51, No 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2025.1587

Abstract

The use of Low-Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) protocols has garnered significant attention, particularly in detecting cancerous lesions in high-risk populations. However, the drawback of low-dose CT protocols results in image noise. Solutions introduced, such as the use of reconstruction techniques, tend to be time-inefficient, complex, and costly. This paper aims to explain the design and construction of an approach for evaluating the quality of lung cancer lesion imaging that is adequate and easily implementable. In this study, a custom-designed in-house phantom is required to simulate lung cancer lesions. The in-house phantom was constructed from organ or tissue-equivalent materials and equipped with various Hounsfield Unit values and lesion diameter sizes, which were determined based on data from 73 patients, consisting of both males and females, using contrast. Scans were performed on the phantom using standard-dose and low-dose protocol parameters. The results demonstrated that the low-dose protocol was able to detect small lesions at lower radiation levels. The contrast difference is quite good with a Signal Difference to Noise Ratio (SDNR) value ≥ 5. The image was optimum with a relatively high Figure of Merit (FOM). Additionally, Noise Power Spectrum (NPS) measurements provided accurate results within a specific range of spatial frequencies.
Preface Atom Indonesia Vol 51 No 3 indonesia, atom
Atom Indonesia Vol 51, No 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2025.1875

Abstract

Characterization and Sorption Study of Cesium-137 by Bentonite from Santrijaya, Indonesia as an Engineering Barrier Material for Radioactive Waste Disposal Facilities Sriwahyuni, H.; Krisnandi, Y. K.; Basuki, T.; Setiawan, B.; Budianti, A.; Anggraini, Z.; Nurliati, G.; Pamungkas, N. S.
Atom Indonesia Vol 51, No 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2025.1628

Abstract

Engineered barrier materials, such as bentonite, play a critical role for the safety of radioactive waste disposal systems by limiting radionuclide migration. This study aims to evaluate the mineralogical, chemical, and morphological characteristics of natural bentonite from Santrijaya, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia, and to investigate its Cs-137 sorption behavior, focusing on its potential as a candidate for engineered barrier materials. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyses showed that the bentonite predominantly consists of montmorillonite, with silica contributing about 80 percent of its composition. The material shows a specific surface area of 121.89 m²/g and a cation exchange capacity of 43.23 meq/100g, supporting its suitability for radionuclide sorption. The sorption capacity at equilibrium (q_e) achieved at 536.67 mg-Cesium/g-bentonite after 10 days of contact time, with adsorption kinetics that follows the Pseudo-Second Order (PSO) model and the distribution coefficient (K_d) value of 5211 mL/g. The study shows the competitive effects of K+ and Na+ ions, with K+ ions showing a stronger competitiveness for Cs-137 binding sites than that of Na+, which could influence radionuclide retention. These findings highlight the high sorption efficiency and stability of Santrijaya bentonite, showing its potential as a barrier material for radioactive waste containment systems and suggest the necessity of considering competing ion interactions in the design of barrier materials.
Acknowledgement Atom Indonesia Vol 51 No 3 indonesia, atom
Atom Indonesia Vol 51, No 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2025.1876

Abstract

The Effect of Loop Inclination on Natural Circulation Mass Flow Rate and Heat Removal Inside Rectangular Passive Cooling Loop Budiyanto, N. R.; Deendarlianto, D; Yuliaji, D.; Oktaviandi, R.; Raharjo, E. P. A.; Mariyadi, S. A.; Pamungkas, A. E.; Setiawan, P. H.; Budiman, A. A.; Juarsa, M.
Atom Indonesia Vol 51, No 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2025.1467

Abstract

The use of passive cooling systems as a reactor safety measure has become a key approach to preventing future incidents similar to the Fukushima Daiichi NPP accident. These systems operate based on natural circulation, a process driven by temperature differences and elevation between the heat source and heat sink. Key design factors, such as the inclination angle of the rectangular loop, significantly influence this circulation. This study aims to investigate the effects of different inclination angles of the rectangular loop and variations in the initial water temperature in the Water Heating Tank (WHT) on the flow rate and heat removal capability. The research was conducted experimentally using a natural circulation rectangular loop facility, FASSIP-04 Ver.0, which has an inner diameter of 26.64 mm, a rectangular loop height of 2280 mm, and a width of 780 mm. The experimental variations were achieved by adjusting the water temperature inside the WHT to 50°C, 70°C, and 90°C. Meanwhile, the inclination angle of the loop was set to 30°, 60°, and 90° mass flow rate and heat removal capability was influenced by both the loop inclination angle and the water temperature in the WHT. The highest values were observed at a 90° inclination angle and a set temperature of 90°C, with a mass flow rate of 0.0241 kg/s, and heat removal rates of qH = 0.791 kW, qC = 0.489 kW. The resulting buoyancy force was stronger under these conditions, leading to greater heat removal through natural circulation compared to free convection, thereby increasing both mass flow rate and heat removal efficiency.

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