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Atom Indonesia Journal

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Published by Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional

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Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Exist for publishing the results of research and development in nuclear science and technology Starting for 2010 Atom Indonesia published three times a year in April, August, and December The scope of this journal covers experimental and analytical research in all areas of nuclear science and technology. including nuclear physics, reactor physics, radioactive waste treatment, fuel element development, radioisotopes and radio pharmaceutical engineering, nuclear and radiation safety, neutron scattering, material science and technology, as well as utilization of isotopes and radiation in agriculture, industry, health and environment.

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Articles 11 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 44, No 1 (2018): April 2018" : 11 Documents clear

Preface Atom Indonesia Vol 44 No 1 preface preface
Atom Indonesia Vol 44, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Micronucleus Frequencies and DNA Repair Gene XRCC3 Polymorphism in Radiation Workers of Center for Multipurpose Reactor D. Ramadhani; Y. Lusiyanti; M. Syaifudin; S.M.H. Faradz
Atom Indonesia Vol 44, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

The carcinogenic effects of low radiation doses have not been fully understood until now. Studies on individuals that are occupationally exposed to low radiation doses can help to address this question. This study assesses the micronucleus (MN) frequencies as indicator of DNA damage in radiation workers that are occupationally exposed to low radiation dose. The influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in XRCC3 gene on the frequency of micronuclei was also evaluated in this study. The effects of confounding factors of gender, age, and smoking status on MN frequencies was assessed in all samples. A total of 60 subjects consisting of 30 radiation workers from Center of Multipurpose Reactor (CMPR), National Nuclear Energy Agency (NNEA) of Indonesia, and 30 control samples were enrolled in this study. The results showed that the difference between MN frequency in radiation workers and in control samples was not statistically significant [0.019 vs. 0.021; p = 0.549]. Age and smoking status did not affect micronucleus frequencies in all samples (p = 0.723 and 0.828). Micronucleus frequencies in females were higher compared to males, even though the difference was not significant (p = 0.3). Radiation workers with variant alleles for XRCC3 olymorphism did not showed higher MN frequencies compared to the controls with the same genotypes. The small numbers of samples with XRCC3 variant alleles found in this study possibly contributed to the insignificant difference of MN frequencies between wild-type allele (Thr/Thr) and mutant alleles (Thr/Met or Met/Met). Further investigations using larger sample sizes and MN assay in combination with human pan-centromeric probe should be conducted to validate this study results. Other SNP in XRCC3 gene also should be evaluated to find out the association between SNP and MN frequencies.

Isotopic Characterization of Precipitation, Inflow, and Outflow of Lake Toba as a First Assessment of Lake Water Balance Study P. Sidauruk; B. Pratikno; E. R. Pujiindiyati
Atom Indonesia Vol 44, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Isotopic characterization of all identified hydrological units in Lake Toba such as precipitation, inflows, outflows, and lake water, as a first assessment of lake water balance study, has been conducted. The isotopic characterization was done through the interpretation of the relationship of dD and d18O values of collected samples from various water sources and their variations as a function of time and space. Rain water samples were collected from four rain collectors that were installed in the study area in a monthly sampling for a period of 12 months in 2014. Several samples from various water sources i.e., inflow streams, outflows, springs, and lake water, were also collected 2-3 times during this sampling period. From monthly sampling of rain water, local meteoric water line (LMWL) and the equation of elevations versus dD values have been constructed. Due to the slightly higher temperature in the study area compared with the average temperature on the other parts of the world, the slope of the constructed LMWL is slightly less than the slope of global meteoric water line. Based on the equation of elevations versus dD values, the elevations of four springs around study area have been identified. From the linear relationship of dD and d18O values of collected samples from inflow streams, it was found that most of the samples have experienced evaporation process before entering the lake. Due to mixing with other surface water and longer transit time, the dD and d18O values of those samples from streams in the Sumatran side are more enriched than those samples from streams in the Samosir side. It was also found that lake water has experienced significant evaporation as indicated by the dD and d18O values that were more enriched than any other samples. The dD and d18O of Asahan River samples, the only output of Lake Toba, were found to be very close to the dD and d18O of the lake. This is because almost all water that flowed in Asahan River originated from the lake.

Acknowledgement Atom Indonesia Vol 44 No 1 ack ack
Atom Indonesia Vol 44, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

The Analysis of Hierarchical Structure of Mesoporous Silica in Nanometer Scale by Small Angle Scattering Method S. Hadi; S Suryajaya; I. Wijaya; A. Rahmandari; M.C. Prihatiningsih; I. Prasetyo; A. Patriati; E.G.R. Putra; S. Soontaranon
Atom Indonesia Vol 44, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

The analysis of hierarchical structure of mesoporous silica material with template of cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB) with co-surfactants of tetra-methylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) and Triton X-100 was conducted by using the technique of small angle scattering (SAS) using neutron (SANS) and X-ray (SAXS). The analysis was supported by the data of nitrogen absorption and electron microscopy. The analysis showed that the concentration of CTAB affected the characteristics and pore structures of particles. The increase of co-surfactant concentrations tended to form particles that were more uniform in size and more regular in the shape of the sphere. The results of SAS analysis showed that the morphology, shape, and size of the large particles were arranged by smaller (primary or secondary) particles that had pores. The variation of surfactant templates had influenced the formation of pore structure. For CTAB-TMAOH, it would had resembled MCM-41 type which has a hexagonal structure, whereasfor CTAB-Triton X-100, it would have resembled MCM-48 type which has a cubic structure. The particles that have a high surface area which resembled pore structure MCM-41 has been able to set up by using 0.25 M of CTAB with 0.040 M of TMAOH. Moreover, the particles which resembled pore structure MCM-48 were able to set up by using 0.03 M of Triton X-100 with 0.4 M of CTAB. The analysis of SANS data that was supported by electron microscopy results is entirely showing a complete information of the particles formed by each template. Whereas SAXS analysis that supported by nitrogen adsorption method is fully confirming the information of pore characteristics.

Synthesis, Structural and Magnetic Properties of La0.5Ba0.5CoO2.75+x Z. Tan; P. Miao; Y. Ishikawa; M. Hagihala; S. Lee; S. Torii; M. Yonemura; T. Kamiyama
Atom Indonesia Vol 44, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Hole doping to the Co3+ ion in cobaltite perovskites can significantly modify the electromagnetic properties. We prepared the hole-doped cobaltite perovskites La0.5Ba0.5CoO2.75+x (x = 0.06 and x = 0.15). Neutron powder diffraction and dc-magnetization experiments were performed to investigate the crystal structure and magnetic properties. We found that both of the samples have the cubic crystal structure with space group Pmm in all the measured temperatures. Ferromagnetic transition occurs at 160K in x = 0.15 sample. For x = 0.06, we found the short-range ordered ferromagnetic state and a long-range ordered antiferromagnetic state coexist in low temperature.

Simulation of Modified TRIGA-2000 with Plate-Type Fuel under LOFA Using EUREKA2/RR-Code S. Dibyo; K.S. Sudjatmi; S Sihana; Ign.D. Irianto
Atom Indonesia Vol 44, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

The TRIGA-2000 research reactor in Bandung, Indonesia, has operated for over 50 years. Recently, the problem of fuel availability arises, since its fuel is no longer produced. A modification of reactor core with new plate-type fuel has been suggested. The study of the neutronic assessment of plate-type fuel elements reactor core had been done. The next assessment that needed to be done was thermal-hydraulic analysis. The purpose of this study is to simulate the thermal-hydraulic characteristics of major parameters, such as reactor power, fuel cladding temperature, and departure from nucleate boiling ratio (DNBR) due to LOFA transient, using EUREKA2/RR code. During steady-state condition, downward flow forced convection mode for core coolant system is operated. The upward flow occurs when the natural circulation mode takes place. Hottest core channels temperature during LOFA conditions was considered. The reactor core was modeled as three channels, i.e., the hottest channel, the average channel, and the channel for control assemblies, respectively. The simulation was based on the steady-state condition of 2 MWt reactor power, cooling mass flow rate of 63.5 kg/s,and inlet coolant temperature to the core of35.5°C. The result shows that the hottest fuel cladding temperature does not cause a nucleate boiling. During LOFA, the residual heat was removed by natural circulation flow that occurred slowly. In order to have larger inertia force, provision of the flywheel in the shaft of primary coolant pump is suggested.

Cover Atom Indonesia Vol 44 No 1 cover cover
Atom Indonesia Vol 44, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Synthesis of Nano-α-Al2O3 for 99Mo Adsorbent K Kadarisman; S Sriyono; A Abidin; E. Lestari; M Marlina; I. Saptiama; H. Setiawan
Atom Indonesia Vol 44, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

The fission-product 99Mo, having a high specific activity, is commonly used in alumina-based 99Mo/99mTc generator. Due to the limitation on the use of fission-product 99Mo, an alternative route for 99Mo production, namely activation of natural molybdenum using thermal neutron, has been explored. Unfortunately, this neutron-activated 99Mo has a low specific activity. Therefore, 99Mo/99mTc generator based on neutron-activated 99Mo requires a column with higher capacity absorbent. Thus, in this study, the nanomaterial of alumina (nano-a-Al2O3) was synthesized which was expected to have a higher 99Mo adsorption capacity, so that nano-a-Al2O3 could be potentially used as a matrix of column for 99Mo/99mTc generator based on neutron-activated 99Mo. Nano-a-Al2O3 was synthesized by using sol-gel method and characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, the Scherrer method was used to determine the size of the crystals. To determine the 99Mo adsorption capacity of the synthesized nanoalumina, the nano-a-alumina was soaked in nitric acid solution for one hour at room temperature followed by removing the filtrate. Then, the nano-a-alumina was soaked in 99Mo solution (Na299MoO4) at certain conditions. The FTIR spectra for nano-a-alumina showed adsorption peak at 450-500 cm-1 which indicated the presence of Al-O bond. The XRD patterns of nanoalumina crystals showed peaks at 2θ region of 25.8°, 35.9°, 38°, 52.8°, and 57.7°, indicating that the synthesized alumina had an α-phase with an average crystal size of ~5.5 nm. The average 99Mo adsorption capacity of the synthesized alumina was 47.55 ± 12.3 mg Mo/g nano-a-Al2O3.

The Enhancement of Uranium and Thorium in Bangka Tin Slag S. Permana; J.W. Soedarsono; A. Rustandi; A. Maksum; K.S. Widana; K. Trinopiawan; M. Anggraini
Atom Indonesia Vol 44, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2018.529

Several researches have informed that air pollution, by-products, and residues in and waste products of natural resources exploitation and consumer goods contain uranium and thorium. In this research, the enhancement of these two metals resulted from the extraction process of Bangka tin slag. To deal with the enhancement of uranium and thorium, Bangka Tin Slag (BTS) was dissolved in Fluoric acid (HF), Chloric acid (HCl), and Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH). The result shows that Bangka tin slag has high contents of uranium, 3,404 ppm, and thorium, 25,850, which were achieved through the dissolution of BTS-roasting-quenching-sieving (BTS-RQS) residues in HF 8%, HCl 6M, and NaOH 10M.

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