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Balance: Jurnal Ekonomi
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
ISSN : 18582192     EISSN : 26865467     DOI : 10.26618/jeb
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
Balance: Jurnal Ekonomi has p-ISSN 1858-2192 and e-ISSN 2686-5467 published by the Development Economics Study Program of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Muhammadiyah University of Makassar, this journal publishes research articles in the field of Economics. This journal publishes research studies that use various qualitative and/or quantitative methods and approaches in the field of Economics. This journal aims to develop concepts, theories, perspectives, paradigms, and methodologies in the scope of Economics published twice a year, namely June and December. The scope of Balance: Journal of Economics covers Economics and Development, Economic Behavior, Islamic Economic System, International Economy as well as applied sciences of Statistical Economics, Macro and Micro. Article submissions are made using the Balance: Jurnal Ekonomi template accompanied by supporting documents in the form of: a statement of authorship, ethics, and a copyright statement, which can be downloaded on the main page of the Balance: Jurnal Ekonomi website. Balance: Jurnal Ekonomi has been single-reviewed by peer reviewers. The decision to accept or not accept scientific articles in this journal is the right of the Editorial Board based on recommendations from peer reviewers.
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June 2025" : 15 Documents clear
Sustainability Analysis of Seaweed Cultivation as Regional Economic Resource in Raijua District Ludji, Frengky Saputra; Nalle, Agus Arnold; Ballo, Fransina W.
Jurnal Ekonomi Balance Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Perpustakaan dan Penerbitan Unismuh Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/jeb.v21i1.16190

Abstract

This study investigates the sustainability of seaweed cultivation as a strategic economic resource and its implications for community welfare in Raijua District, Sabu Raijua Regency, Indonesia. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving key stakeholders, including seaweed farmers, local authorities, and marine experts. The research aims to explore the socio-economic, environmental, and institutional factors influencing the sustainability of seaweed farming, and to assess its potential in supporting regional economic development. Findings reveal that the sustainability of seaweed cultivation is shaped by multiple interrelated factors such as environmental conditions, site selection, cultivation technology, farmer management skills, market access, infrastructure, government policy, education, and institutional collaboration. These factors directly affect productivity, resilience, and the long-term viability of seaweed farming. The study also highlights the positive impacts of seaweed cultivation on community welfare through income generation, reduced urban migration, empowerment of marginalized groups, economic diversification, and the growth of micro and small enterprises. Furthermore, environmentally friendly cultivation practices contribute to marine ecosystem conservation, carbon sequestration, and sustainable resource management. The study concludes that seaweed cultivation, when supported by integrated policy frameworks and stakeholder cooperation, can serve as a sustainable livelihood strategy and an engine for regional economic growth. These insights are valuable for policymakers, development practitioners, and researchers focusing on sustainable aquaculture and coastal economic resilience in developing regions. 
Examining the Impact of LDR and BOPO on ROA through NIM: Evidence from Indonesian Conventional Banks (2014–2023) Sinaga, Era Widia Br; Saajidah, Annisah; Saragih, Elisa Clara; Sirait, Melani Manginar; Hutabalian, Relli Anisma; Silaban, Putri Sari Margaret Julianty
Jurnal Ekonomi Balance Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Perpustakaan dan Penerbitan Unismuh Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/jeb.v21i1.16392

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Operating Expenses to Operating Income (BOPO) on Return on Assets (ROA), with Net Interest Margin (NIM) as a mediating variable, in Indonesian conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange over the 2014–2023 period. Using a quantitative approach and path analysis, the study employs panel data extracted from annual financial reports and processed with STATA 17. The findings indicate that LDR has a significant positive effect on NIM, while BOPO negatively and significantly affects NIM. In terms of profitability, LDR shows an insignificant negative influence on ROA, whereas BOPO exerts a strong negative and significant effect. Meanwhile, NIM positively and significantly impacts ROA. Mediation analysis reveals that NIM mediates the relationships between LDR and ROA, and between BOPO and ROA, with Sobel test results confirming the significance of these indirect effects. These results underscore the critical role of NIM in enhancing profitability and mitigating the adverse effects of inefficiencies. The study emphasizes the strategic importance of optimizing loan allocation and cost efficiency to improve bank performance. The findings offer practical implications for banking management in designing targeted strategies that prioritize operational efficiency and margin optimization to strengthen profitability amidst regulatory changes and increasing competition in the banking sector.
The Effect of Education and Unemployment on Poverty in Indonesia's 34 Provinces (2018–2023): The Mediating Role of the Human Development Index Fayza, Salsabila; Sinambela, Rut Afentina; Situmorang, Rachel Meylani; Nafisha, Nadya; Silaban, Putri Sari Margaret Julianty
Jurnal Ekonomi Balance Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Perpustakaan dan Penerbitan Unismuh Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/jeb.v21i1.16393

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of education and unemployment on poverty across Indonesia’s 34 provinces from 2018 to 2023, with the Human Development Index (HDI) serving as a mediating variable. Using secondary panel data and employing path analysis within a fixed effect model framework, the research explores both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results indicate that unemployment significantly and negatively affects HDI, while education significantly and positively influences HDI. Furthermore, HDI has a significant negative impact on poverty, demonstrating its mediating role in reducing poverty through improvements in education. However, education does not directly influence poverty in a statistically significant manner. In contrast, unemployment directly and positively influences poverty levels. The Sobel test confirms that HDI significantly mediates the effect of education on poverty, but does not mediate the relationship between unemployment and poverty. These findings suggest that enhancing human capital through education can reduce poverty indirectly by improving HDI. However, addressing unemployment requires targeted labor market interventions, as improvements in HDI alone are insufficient to mitigate poverty caused by joblessness. The study underscores the importance of integrated policy approaches that simultaneously enhance education quality and employment opportunities to effectively reduce poverty and promote inclusive development in Indonesia.
The Influence of Local Own- Source Revenue and Unemployment On Labor Force Through Human Development Index (HDI) Aini, Lathifah; Runi, Naila Ananda; Nasution, Putri Andini; Salsabila, Salsabila; Silaban, Putri Sari Margaret Julianty
Jurnal Ekonomi Balance Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Perpustakaan dan Penerbitan Unismuh Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/jeb.v21i1.16396

Abstract

This study examines the influence of Local Own-Source Revenue and unemployment on the labor force participation rate in the regions of Java and Bali, with the Human Development Index (HDI) acting as a mediating variable. Using path analysis and EViews software, the research investigates both direct and indirect effects within a structural model. The results show that Local Own-Source Revenue has no significant direct effect on the labor force (p = 0.9100; direct effect = 0.004), and its indirect effect through HDI is also negligible. Similarly, unemployment does not have a statistically significant effect on labor force participation (p = 0.0966; direct effect = –0.205), nor does it show a significant indirect effect via HDI. These findings indicate that HDI does not mediate the relationship between Local Own-Source Revenue or unemployment and labor force participation in these regions. While HDI is widely regarded as a benchmark for human development, this study suggests it may not sufficiently explain labor force dynamics in the context of Java and Bali. Alternative factors such as the quality of education, economic diversification, urbanization, industrial structures, and access to digital infrastructure may have greater explanatory power. Future research is recommended to explore additional mediating variables and employ more detailed regional or sectoral analyses. Moreover, incorporating qualitative methods may help capture social and cultural dimensions that influence labor force behavior, thus offering a more comprehensive basis for policymaking.
Analysis of Financial Administration Management at the Murhum District Office, Baubau City Uli, Nur Zarliani; Agustyawati, Dwi; Indrawati, Indrawati; Febriyanti, Febriyanti
Jurnal Ekonomi Balance Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Perpustakaan dan Penerbitan Unismuh Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/jeb.v21i1.16993

Abstract

This study investigates the financial administration practices at the Murhum District Office, Baubau City, using a qualitative descriptive approach aimed at understanding the implementation of regional financial governance in line with national regulations. The research involved a total of 20 staff members, with purposive sampling of three employees directly involved in financial administration. In addition, financial documents from the years 2020 to 2022 were analyzed to complement the primary data. Data collection methods included direct observation of financial procedures, in-depth interviews with selected financial staff, and document analysis to validate the implementation process. The findings show that the financial administration at the Murhum District Office is carried out in accordance with Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 13 of 2006 and its amendment No. 59 of 2007, which outline the principles and procedures of regional financial management. The administrative process covers key components such as financial planning, budgeting, execution, monitoring, and accountability. Notably, the budgeting process reflects a balanced alignment between projected revenues and expenditures, demonstrating efficient financial planning. The study also emphasizes that the financial activities are consistent with the objectives of Law No. 32 of 2004 concerning Regional Government, particularly regarding the transparent and accountable use of the Regional Income and Expenditure Budget (APBK). Overall, the research concludes that the financial administration system in the Murhum District Office is well-organized, legally compliant, and contributes positively to the realization of good governance practices at the local level
Implementation of Time Management Using the Critical Path Method (CPM) in the Construction of School Buildings Romadhani, Ocarullyta; Badi’ah, Roudlotul; Wicaksono, Arian Yusuf
Jurnal Ekonomi Balance Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Perpustakaan dan Penerbitan Unismuh Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/jeb.v21i1.17010

Abstract

Delays in school building construction projects are a recurring challenge that can significantly impact overall project timelines and budgets. This study aims to analyze time efficiency in project implementation by applying the Critical Path Method (CPM) to identify activities that have the greatest influence on the project's completion time. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed, with primary data collected through interviews and project documentation obtained from CV Prima Karya, a construction company actively involved in school building projects. The research utilized network planning and POM-QM for Windows software to generate a project schedule and calculate the earliest and latest start and finish times, slack, and critical activities. Results indicate that nine key activities lie on the critical path, including preparation, earthwork, foundation, concrete, iron work, roof covering, aluminum, wood, and key-glass installations. Acceleration analysis showed that reducing the project duration from 33 to 30 days increased the overall cost from IDR 179,584,643 to IDR 216,497,434. The cost slope analysis highlighted the additional expenses incurred due to time reduction on critical path tasks. The study concludes that CPM is effective for optimizing project duration and managing potential delays. It is recommended that companies adopt CPM during the planning phase to reduce inefficiencies and cost overruns. Future research should compare CPM with other scheduling techniques such as PERT or Gantt Charts to determine the most effective approach under varying project conditions.
A Theoretical Study of Multicollinearity and Linearity in Econometric Models for Economic Research Naufal, Muhammad Jiyad; Ompusunggu, Dicky Perwira; Sinaga, Rika Angelina; Sitohang, Marwindi Dola Anggia; Gunawan, Teresia Novita; Simatupang, Magdalena; Salsabila, Nur Syifa; Simanullang, Tesalonika; Hutasoit, Bobin Trianko
Jurnal Ekonomi Balance Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Perpustakaan dan Penerbitan Unismuh Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/jeb.v21i1.17031

Abstract

Multiple linear regression is a central analytical tool in econometric research used to model the relationship between a dependent variable and multiple independent variables. However, the accuracy and validity of such models are highly dependent on classical assumptions, particularly multicollinearity and linearity. Multicollinearity, characterized by high correlations among predictor variables, can inflate standard errors and obscure the true effects of individual variables. Linearity, meanwhile, ensures that the relationships between variables follow a straight-line pattern, which is essential for valid estimation and inference. This theoretical study aims to deepen the understanding of both assumptions, explore their causes, impacts, and identify methodological approaches for detection and correction. Employing a descriptive literature review method, the study synthesizes insights from contemporary econometric research to provide a conceptual framework for handling these issues. Key findings highlight that multicollinearity often arises from overlapping variables, small samples, and measurement errors, and can be addressed through variable elimination, transformation, or penalized regression techniques such as ridge and lasso regression. Linearity violations, frequently resulting from model misspecification or temporal dependencies, may be mitigated using data transformations, polynomial regression, or robust regression approaches. The study concludes that proper diagnostic tools and corrective strategies are essential for improving model reliability and enhancing the credibility of econometric findings in economic research.
Social Welfare in the Perspective of the Newspaper and Human Rights: Conceptual Study of Implementation in Orphanages AM, Memi Pratiwi; Abubakar, Achmad; Sohrah, Sohrah
Jurnal Ekonomi Balance Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Perpustakaan dan Penerbitan Unismuh Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/jeb.v21i1.17345

Abstract

This conceptual study explores the integration of Qur’anic principles on human rights and social welfare with a focus on orphanages as institutions that uphold the rights and dignity of vulnerable children. By employing a qualitative approach through thematic (maudu’i) interpretation of selected Qur’anic verses, supported by hadith and scholarly literature, this study investigates the implementation of Islamic values—such as justice, compassion, and social responsibility—in the operational frameworks of orphanages in Indonesia. Findings reveal that although the Qur’an does not explicitly articulate modern legal terminology of human rights, its core teachings promote universal principles including the right to life, dignity, education, and protection for orphans and the needy. Orphanages are seen as practical embodiments of these principles, providing care, shelter, education, and emotional support. However, many face systemic challenges, including limited resources, poor management, and lack of integration with broader social programs. This study contributes to the discourse by highlighting the need for institutional reform that aligns with both Qur’anic mandates and international human rights standards. Practical recommendations include enhancing institutional capacity, improving transparency, encouraging government–civil society collaboration, and fostering community involvement. The research underscores the Qur’an’s relevance as a moral foundation for social justice and offers a holistic framework for improving the welfare of orphans through faith-based and rights-based approaches.
Determinants of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in Berau Regency Puspitasari, Lisa
Jurnal Ekonomi Balance Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Perpustakaan dan Penerbitan Unismuh Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/jeb.v21i1.18301

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of the Human Development Index (HDI) and population size on the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in Berau Regency. Economic growth, as reflected by GRDP, serves as a key indicator of regional development and is shaped by both human capital and demographic dynamics. HDI includes essential components such as education, health, and standard of living, which collectively reflect the quality of human resources. Meanwhile, population size is closely related to labor availability and consumption potential, both of which contribute to regional economic performance. This research utilizes secondary data sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) of Berau Regency covering the period from 2016 to 2022. Multiple linear regression analysis is employed to assess the relationship between the variables. The results reveal that the F-calculated value (14.578) exceeds the F-table value (6.94), indicating that HDI and population size simultaneously have a statistically significant effect on GRDP. Additionally, the significance value of 0.015—being less than the 0.05 threshold—confirms that both variables positively and significantly influence regional economic output. Based on these findings, it is recommended that local government authorities formulate strategic development policies that focus on enhancing the Human Development Index and maximizing the economic benefits of population growth to promote sustainable development. However, this study is limited by the use of only two independent variables and data confined to a single region and time frame, which may restrict the generalizability of the findings. Future research should consider incorporating additional variables, such as labor force participation, investment, or technological advancement, and expanding the geographical scope to provide more comprehensive insights.
Analyzing the Impact of Labor Force and Unemployment on Poverty Rates in Gowa District Ua, A. Nur Achsanuddin; Rusdi, Muh.; Maulana, Fajar
Jurnal Ekonomi Balance Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Perpustakaan dan Penerbitan Unismuh Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/jeb.v21i1.18603

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of labor force participation and unemployment on poverty rates in Gowa Regency, Indonesia. Employing a quantitative research design, the study utilizes time series data from 2014 to 2023, collected through observation and documentation techniques. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS version 2.5. The findings reveal that labor force participation has a negative but statistically insignificant effect on poverty rates. This is evidenced by a t-value of -1.120, which is lower than the critical value of 1.894, and a significance level of 0.300 (p > 0.05). These results suggest that while higher labor participation may contribute to reducing poverty, the relationship is not statistically significant. Additionally, unemployment is found to have a positive but similarly insignificant effect on poverty, with a t-value of 0.010 and a significance level of 0.992 (p > 0.05). These findings indicate that changes in labor force participation and unemployment rates do not have a significant direct impact on poverty levels in the region. The study contributes to the discourse on labor market dynamics and socioeconomic development, providing empirical evidence for policymakers in designing effective poverty alleviation strategies

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