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Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas
Published by LEMIGAS
ISSN : 20893361     EISSN : 25410520     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy
The Scientific Contributions for Oil and Gas is the official journal of the Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS for the dissemination of information on research activities, technology engineering development and laboratory testing in the oil and gas field. Manuscripts in English are accepted from all in any institutions, college and industry oil and gas throughout the country and overseas.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Teknologi Bahan Bakar
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 28 No 2 (2005)" : 5 Documents clear
Development Of A Streamline-Based Heat Transport Model For Thermal Oil-Recovery Simulation Usman Usman; Norio Arihara
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 28 No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.28.2.870

Abstract

Fluid transport calculations based on streamlines have been used successfully for years to model two-phase in compressible flow simulations", The pressures for defining the streamlines are obtained by assuming that the reservoir fluids and rock are incompressible and that flow is in the steady state, which yields a time-independent equation that can be solved to define the fixed pressure distribution. Streamline tracking is performed with the pressure field to advance saturations or compositions. In this approach, the changing pressure field and the movement of fluids are not tightly connected, which results in inaccuracies in the solution.The streamline approach has recently been extended to various applications, such as compositional and black oil problems for updating the composition and saturation, In cases, a non-linear equation for the pressure is solved assuming unsteady-state flow but compressible fluids and rock, followed by solving the conservation equations in sequence or fully implicitly, i.e. the pressure and the saturation equations are solved together along each streamline. In this approach, most of the physical parameters that depend on the pressure changes are accounted for throughout the solution.The major limitation of the streamline method is that applicability is restricted to convective problems only. In practice, the contribution of physical diffusion due to gravitational and capillary forces must be considered in modeling a reservoir undergoing a displacement process. The model including diffusion cannot be solved using one dimensional (1D) streamlines. The operator splitting technique has been proposed to avoid this restriction, The idea is to isolate the convective flow from the diffusion due to gravity for separate solution. The first part is calculated along the common streamline trajectories and the second part is determined by the direction of gravity.Based on recent advances in streamline based simulation techniques, we have extended the methods to the thermal oil-recovery simulation. Modeling thermal processes is difficult due to the many complex mechanisms, high degree of non-linearity, and requirements for appropriate thermodynamic formulation to account for the changes in properties with temperature and pressure. The present study approached the problem from a different angle in the streamline framework. An operator splitting technique was applied to handle the heat diffusion due to gravity, capillary, and conduction effects, and the implicit method was used for solving the highly non- linear convective streamline and diffusive equations. A practical rule was introduced to select the time step for pressure updates to reduce the time-lag effects on the coefficients in the phase conservation equations.A sequential thermal simulator, which solves the pressure and heat equations sequentially, was developed and tested for simulations of hot water-flooding in heavy-oil reservoirs. First we performed simulation with a two dimensional (2D) heterogeneous reservoir to evaluate the main characteristics of the streamline method such as the number of streamlines, the grid refinement along the streamlines, and the time step size. Then we performed three-dimensional (3D) simulation to examine how the gravity mechanism affects the production performance. The solutions obtained using a commercial thermal simulator were used to compare and validate the developed model.
PRODUCTION OF CLEAN DIESEL OILS A.S. Nasution; E. Jasjfi; Evita H. Legowo
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 28 No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.28.2.1038

Abstract

Cars and fuels have been developed simultaneously and nowadays cars demand a very sophisticated fuel indeed. Environmental restriction and efforts to minimize the pollution problem by exhaust gases are causing de- sign changes in cars that in turn are having some effects on fuel quality. The development of processes for making high cetane number gas oil blending components and the widespread use of additives to enhance fuel properties have all contributed to the highly developed motor fuel used today". Gas oil components produced in the refineries generally consist of predominantly straight-run gas oil (SRGO) obtained from the fractional distillation of crude oils. There are two types of straightrun gas oil ie a sulfur rich (0.9-1.9 wt.%) aromatic source, and a low- sulfur (<0.2 wt.%) paraffinic crude source121, To satisfy the growing demand for diesel fuel, increased use of cracked stocks is anticipated. The primary requirement in diesel oil properties is that it should burn smoothly, without exploding, under the condition existing in the combustion chamber, so that maximum amount of useful energy is liberated. The ignition quality of a diesel oil is measured by its cetane number, which depends on its hydrocarbon composition. Different refineries produce diesel oil of different compositions, depending on the blending components available. Hydrocarbon compositions of the gas oil components show marked variation in their precombustion and ignition characteristics and so differ in their combustion behavior in an engine. Such a selective hydrocracking process has the following reaction: desulfurization, denitrogenation, deoxygenation, saturation and isomerization which could improve the flowing properties of gas oil components: sulfur, nitrogen, polycyclic aromatics and total aromatics, product stability, colour, neutralization number and distillation temperature (T50 and T90). The properties of the straight-run and cracked gas oil components, and improving their quality by a hydrotreating process to meet the clean diesel oil specification and production of gas oil components in Indonesia's refineries are described. A brief deliberation is offered on the impact of the changing diesel oil quality requirement, particularly due to the environmental restriction, on the refinery configuration.
PRODUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY FUEL IN INDONESIAN REFINERY A.S. Nasution; Oberlin Sidjabat; Abdul Gafar; Rasdinal Ibrahim; Morina Morina
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 28 No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.28.2.1039

Abstract

Worldwide crude supplies are experiencing a mod- est trend toward heavier and high sulfur content. The average annual demand growth rate for light products (gasoline, kerosene and diesel oil) is higher than that for residual fuel oil, Therefore, converting additional bot- toms into light product by either thermal or catalytic pro- cesses will be needed. Vehicles and fuels have been developed simulta- neously and nowadays vehicles demand a very sophisti- cated fuel indeed. Environmental restriction, and efforts to minimize the pollutant problem by exhaust gases are causing design and changes in cars that in turn are hav- ing some effects on fuel quality. To reduce exhaust emission by fuel combustion, the specification of gasoline and diesel oil is now stricter. Various term in the models address qualities of the re- formulated gasoline, such as benzene, total aromatics and olefin content, RVP, the T of distillation range, sul- fur content, and oxygenate contents (Table 1)18.13.16). Diesel oil specification is limited as follows: aromatics, polyaromatics, sulfur content, T and cetane number (Table 2) (19.23,26) To improve the specification of commercial gasoline into the stricter specification of reformulated gasoline, refiners are forced in install new facilities to increase the production for high-octane mogas components. For the stricter diesel oil specification in the years 2000's, over 50% by volume of the total gas oil components (ex- cept hydrocracked gas oil) must undergo improvement by hydrotreating processes in order to achieve a suitable specification. In Indonesia, there are seven refineries with total crude oil capacity of 1,063 MBCD to produce fuel oils, lube base stocks and petrochemical products. Process- ing units and fuel oil production in Indonesia's refineries are given in Table 3 and 4, respectively. The production of gasoline and diesel oil components is review in this paper. Influence of hydrocarbon composition of those fuel components on their performances is discussed. A brief discussion is offered on the impact of the changing specification of gasoline and diesel oil on the refinery configuration.
USE OF HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE DATA (IKONOS IMAGERY) FOR LOGISTIC SUPPORT Tri Muji Susantoro; Adji Gatot Tjiptono; Suliantara Suliantara
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 28 No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.28.2.1040

Abstract

Many activities must be done before doing the 3D seismic survey. 3D seismic work needs accurate and precise information to minimize the cost and negative impact, and or dispute with the local people. The data needs information on road for moving instrument, bridge, river and Ancient River. Data of landuse and landcover, building, public facility, demographic and administration are required for estimating compensation. The use of remote sensing is a good alternative to achieve this objective. The 3D seismic survey will involve an amount of labors in the fields where the survey is conducted. During the survey a number of equipments will be planted and connected by wire. Therefore, the seismic survey will directly make contracts with local people and theirs proprietaries for temporary use or damage compensation. 3D seismic survey can be classified as a complex activities, apart from a large number of labors that are needed to carry explosive and equipments which will be used to comply the survey, social problem must be solved first. Especially when the study area is conducted in a well developed area with dense population, cultivation and other utilities. Considering the previous facts, a well plan operation in the office that is supported by detail and up to date surface map is actually needed. High accuracy and up to date surface map was considered as a critical basic information for the 3D seismic planning. Remote sensing technology with the high spatial resolution satellite data can acquire the latest earth surface data with one meter resolution in relatively short time. Ikonos satellite imagery is one of the high spatial resolution satellite imagery can be chosen and utilized as the main source for providing the surface map.
DATA PREPARATION FOR AN ACCURATE ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY LABORATORY TEST BY USING SURFACTANT FLOODING METHOD Tjuwati Makmur
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 28 No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.28.2.1060

Abstract

In preparation of the study, x core plugs are drilled. Determination of basic parameter and identification of core plug sample are carried out following the API-RP 40. For example, the tests of physical properties, i.e. grain density (gr/cc), weight, grain volume (cc), pore volume (cc), posority (%), and air permeability (Ka.mD).

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